People: systematics and characteristic features in the structure of the body
Table of contents:
A Special place in the system of organic world is people. Taxonomy this species has its own characteristics. They are connected with the biosocial basis of a reasonable Person.
People: taxonomy
On the one hand, man is the object of nature, a representative of the Kingdom of Animals. On the other is a social person who lives according to the laws of society and strictly obeys them. Therefore modern science, taxonomy and peculiarities of its origin discusses both biological and social position.
Systematics of the table
Representatives of the taxa, which belongs to modern man, have some common features of the structure. This is a proof of their common ancestor and a common path of evolution.
| Taxonomic unit | The similarities and distinctive features |
| Chordata | The Formation in the initial stages of development of the embryo of the chord and neural tube |
| Subtype Vertebrates | The formation of the internal skeleton, which is based on the spine |
| Class Mammal | Feeding babies with milk, the presence of the diaphragm, differentiated teeth, pulmonary respiration, warm blood, fetal development |
| Primates | Five-fingered limbs, the opposition of the thumb rest, identity 90 % the genes of a chimpanzee |
| Hominid Family | The Development of the brain, the ability to bipedalism |
| Rod Man | The Presence of a vaulted foot free and developed upper limb, a bent spine, make articulate speech issue from the |
| A reasonable Man | Intelligence and abstract thinking |
Chord
As you can see, man's place in the taxonomy are clearly defined. Heterotrophic type of nutrition, limited growth, mobility determines his belonging to the Animal Kingdom. But the peculiarities of the embryonic development of man is a representative type of Chord. To this systematic unit also includes classes of Bony and Cartilaginous fish, Reptiles, Amphibians and Birds.
How such different organisms can be of a single type? It's all in their embryonic development. In the early stages they laid the heavy axial - chord. On it is formed the neural tube. And under the chord - intestine in the form of a through tube. In the throat are Gill slits. The development of these rudimentary structures in humans undergo a series of metamorphoses.
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From the spine chord develops from neural tube - brain and spinal cord. The intestine acquires through the structure. Gill slits in the throat overgrow, causing the person goes to pulmonary respiration.
Klasss Mammals
A Typical representative of the Mammal is man. Systematics refer it to this taxon is not accidental, but a number of characteristic features. Like all mammals animals one feeds their babies with milk. This valuable nutrient is produced in specialized glands.
The Taxonomy of Homo sapiens relates to the group of placental mammals. During fetal development, this organ connects the body of the mother and the unborn child. In the placenta, their blood vessels are intertwined, between them establishes a temporary connection. The result of this work is the implementation of the transport and protective functions.
The man's Resemblance to other mammalian species lies in the peculiarities of the structure of organ systems and physiological processes. These include enzymatic digestion. Biologically active substances are the liver, salivary glands and the pancreas. A common feature is the presence of differentiated teeth: incisors, canines, large and small root.
The Presence of four-chambered heart and two circles of blood circulation leads to a warm-blooded person. This means that its body temperature does not depend on this indicator in the environment.
A reasonable Man
According to the most common hypothesis is that man and some modern apes have a common ancestor. There are a number of evidence. The Hominid family is characterized by an important feature - bipedalism. This trait was undoubtedly connected with the lifestyle change that led to freeing of the fore limbs and the development of the hand as the organ of labor.
The Process of formation of modern species took place in several stages: the most ancient, ancient and modern humans. These phases did not replace each other, and a period co-existed and competed.
The Oldest, or obezyanyi, were able to make tools from stones, making fire, lived the primary herd. The ancient, or the Neanderthals communicated with gestures and rudimentary articulate language. Their tools were still made of bone. Modern humans, or CRO-magnons, and constructed their own homes or lived in caves. They sewed clothes from animal skins, knew pottery, domesticated animals, cultivatedplants.
Man, the taxonomy of which is determined by the complex anatomy, physiology, and behavioral reactions, is the result of long evolutionary processes.
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