Sinusitis is... Sinusitis: symptoms and treatment. Antibiotics for sinusitis

Inflammation of the sinuses called sinusitis. This is a group of diseases, the name of each of which depends on the localization of infection in a particular sinus. This publication is dedicated to issues such as the symptoms of sinusitis in adults, treatment of disease, especially in children and the cause of the disease.

What is sinusitis

Sinusitis-is the inflammation of the sinuses and nasal passages, which is also called sinusitis. Infection can cause a headache pressure in eyes, nose, cheeks or on one side of the head. Sinusitis in adults may be manifested by cough, nasal congestion, difficulty breathing and sore throat. Sinusitis, symptoms and treatment of which is discussed a little further, is divided into two main categories – acute and chronic. Sinusitis is a fairly common phenomenon.

Acute sinusitis usually lasts no more than 7-8 weeks and occurs with a frequency of two to three times a year, lasting each time about ten days. There are many drugs that are effective against acute sinusitis. Successful and early treatment prevents damage to the mucosa of the sinuses and surrounding bone of the skull. Chronic sinusitis usually last for more than two months. Their exacerbation occur with a frequency of four to five times a year, and symptoms can stay more than 20 days.

Anatomy of the sinuses

The human Skull in the nasal area consists of four pairs of hollow bones that form the paranasal sinuses. They reduce the weight of the skull, allow the voice to resonate, contribute to the insulation.

Four major pairs of sinuses include:

• Frontal;
• Maxillary;
• Ethmoidal sinuses;
• Wedge.

The Surface of the paranasal sinuses are covered with mucous membrane with cells equipped with tiny hairs. They catch bacteria and dust particles that enter by breathing outside.

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Causes

Acute sinusitis usually develops due to getting a viral infection in the upper respiratory tract. However, different allergens and pollutants can also cause acute sinusitis. Viral infection damages the cells of sinus tissue and causes inflammation. The tissue becomes inflamed, thickened, nasal passage narrowing. This obstacle in the future, disrupting the natural process of cleansing and removing bacteria and dirt, so that has accumulated there, the microorganisms begin to multiply and affect the mucous membrane of the sinus. This causes the symptoms of sinusitis in adults and children, with allergens and dust can produce a similar effect.

The microorganisms that cause sinusitis?

The Bacteria that most often provoke sinusitis:

• Pneumococcal Streptococcus Streptococcus pneumonia;
• Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus;
• Haemophilus influenza Haemophilus wand or wand of Pfeifer;
• Diplococci gram-negative Moraxella catarrhalis.

Fungi are also increasingly responsible for the development of chronic sinusitis, especially in people with diseases that undermine the immune system: AIDS, diabetes and leukemia.

Symptoms and signs

So, sinusitis – a condition in which the sinuses become inflamed and cause respiratory failure. Respiratory disorders, in turn, lead to the demise of human energy and create an overall feeling of illness for several days.

Chronic purulent sinusitis – long present in the axils of inflammation, which from time to time, under certain conditions, makes itself felt exacerbations. Chronic sinusitis considerably reduces the energy level of the person, undermining the normal state of health. Symptoms of chronic sinusitis include a lack of free and full breathing due to blockage of the sinuses. As a result of oxygen in the lungs is not enough, the person gets tired, there are dizziness. These symptoms may be accompanied by the emergence of a dull headache.

In the course of acute sinusitis may be involved fever, a severe headache, sometimes leading to vomiting. Often one of the sinuses is the main, more inflamed. If the infection settled in the sphenoid sinus, it is sphenoid sinusitis that is very difficult to diagnose. This type of disease manifests a dull headache, which can last for several days in a row.

Ethmoid sinusitis-is inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, which are located in the anterior, middle and posterior parts of the ethmoid bone. Symptoms of this form of sinusitis-pain around the eyes and temples. There is a stuffy nose and inability to breathe that is a common symptom of all types of sinusitis. Nasal congestion, fever, sore throat, feeling of nausea is often manifested fungal sinusitis. The symptoms and treatment of the disease depend on the sinuses involved in the inflammatory process and what form of sinusitis-chronic or acute.

Symptoms of acute sinusitis

The table below lists the main symptoms of acute sinusitis each type of the disease. It should be noted that acute sinusitis is characterized by severe nasal congestion and headaches.

Symptoms of chronic sinusitis

The table below describes the main characteristic symptoms of different types of chronic sinusitis.

Treatment

Therapy of chronic sinusitis can be done through the use of antibiotics, however you need to remember about its side effects and to entrust the choice and length of treatment your doctor. There are different ways and methods of treatment which help to ease the discomfort caused by sinusitis. For example, the removal of secretion from the sinuses, cleanses the nasal cavity and resumes normal breathing.

Saline solution for nasal lavage is the most famous and ancient way of treatment of acute forms of the disease. Sinusitis – a pathology, which can also be removed with inhalation. Treatment sinusitis, ethmoid, sphenoid and bacterial sinusitis should be carried out only according to recipes and recommendations ENT doctor. Antibiotics for sinusitis are also prescribed by the doctor.

Tips and folk treatment of sinusitis

Drink plenty of pure water and hot herbal tea. Inhale the steam by bending over a bowl of hot water or decoction of chamomile, oak bark or sage for 10 minutes daily is an effective remedy if you have chronic sinusitis. Reviews of people talking about what benefits a hot shower and regular bath. All of these methods contribute to the drainage of mucus and pus from the sinuses.

Drugs to effectively expel mucus from the respiratory tract helps means “Guaifenesin”. You can also combine decongestants and cough medicines. To ease the pain will help painkillers, such as “Siburian”, “Aspirin”, “Annaprasan”. They not only relieve pain but also reduce inflammation. Proven medication "Acetaminophen" the effect of which is aimed at pain relief and reducing fever.

Sinusitis in children

Chronic sinusitis in a child brings a significant discomfort as the inability to breathe – one of the worst States. In addition to this symptom, headaches and heaviness in the face causing the child permanent feeling of malaise and fatigue. Acute sinusitis is easy to diagnose, but it is often confused with the common cold. Treatment of sinusitis in children should be strictly according to doctor's instructions. Since the self can only hurt, causing the development of chronic sinusitis.

The Symptoms of sinusitis in children are often similar to those seen in adults, but often headaches and breathing difficulties can be more severe. Treatment of sinusitis in children is determined by a physician based on symptoms and diagnosis. While surgery is not recommended until while the basic methods will not bring positive results and success. Antibiotics for sinusitis in children is not recommended as a means of therapy as it can harm fragile body. However, if necessary, the doctor may still prescribe acceptable antibiotics. This is especially true of sinusitis, an infection which was triggered by bacterial pathogens.

In case of severe symptoms the doctor may prescribe antihistamines and decongestants funds, to the child it became easier to breathe. Sinusitis, the outcome of a viral infection in most cases go away on their own, without passing into the chronic form. At home you can also try a warm compress on the area of the sinuses.

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Despite the fact that sinusitis is not considered a life threatening, yet when idle itbrings a lot of pain and discomfort. Simple changes in lifestyle can help your child to quickly restore health, free breathing and to cope with the pain. We offer you some recommendations that will be useful.

Use a humidifier in the house and keep the humidity at 40-50%. This will prevent the formation of dry air, which is irritating to the sinuses. Maintain purity. Make regular wet cleaning, and ventilate the room. Teach your child to observe the rules of personal hygiene.

If you smoke, find the strength to give up this bad and negative habits. Passive contact with tobacco smoke on the mucosa of the nose and sinuses and into the lungs may cause not only occurrence of sinusitis, but other, more serious health problems.

Try to limit your child's access to a variety of respiratory irritants and allergens of the environment, especially in the early stages of his life. Some foods can exacerbate the symptoms of sinusitis, such as, cold drinks.

Halotherapy

As a natural traditional medicine for the treatment of sinusitis in the first place, perhaps, worth inhalation. You can breathe on the solutions of the different tools and products in hot water. We list the most effective ones:

• Dry menthol;
• A decoction of potatoes;
• Chamomile drug;
• Teas of lavender and mother-and-stepmother;
• Yarrow;
• Plantain;
• Propolis tincture;
• St. John's wort;
• Common baking soda;
• Eucalyptus leaves or eucalyptus oil 3-4 drops per 1 liter of water;
• Natural flower honey.

Compresses and ointments

Compresses are also useful, you can use softened hot beeswax, chopped garlic or radish, wrapped in gauze. You can also prepare natural drops for the nose of the tools such as honey and aloe leaf juice, oil of rosemary tincture, purified birch tar, a mixture of tea and eucalyptus tincture.

The Area of the sinuses can be lubricated home-made ointments and mixtures. The best are the following compositions:

• Sea salt and visceral fat;
• Vegetable oil, wax and propolis;
• Alcohol tincture from the leaves of aloe, celandine, and red pepper;
• Honey, onion juice and oil.

All of these folk remedies effective and useful only when complying with the requirements of the attending physician in the main direction of therapy and frequency of application.