National Park "nechkinskijj": description, characteristics, interesting facts, fauna and fauna

The national Park «nechkinskijj” is a conservation, environmental education and research institution. On its territory there are not only natural but also historical and cultural objects of the Middle Kama region. They have a special aesthetic, ecological and recreational value, and are widely used for regulated tourism.

History of the Park

An Effective way of conservation and preservation of natural systems is the organization of national parks of the multifunctional profile. In 1995, the government of the Udmurt Republic there was taken the decision on necessity of creation of the Park «nechkinskijj”.

Currently its territory is forbidden any activity that might have a negative impact on the fauna and flora. In addition, napustio any construction, including pipelines and highways.

The national Park «nechkinskijj" in Izhevsk has set itself the following targets:

1. Preservation of unique natural sites, as well as animal and plant species.
2. The Preservation of historical monuments and objects of cultural heritage.
3. Environmental education.
4. To Create optimal conditions for regulated tourism and recreation, attaching to the historical and cultural heritage.
5. The Introduction of new environmental practices.
6. Restoration of historical, cultural and natural objects.
7. Protection, conservation and reproduction of flora and fauna.
8. Implementation of environmental monitoring.

The role of Conservation

Currently the national Park «nechkinskijj” (Russia) in the vast network of protected areas of the Udmurt Republic is one of the valuable reserves of wildlife. There are unique arrays of riparian forests, marsh, lake, river ecosystems, wild fauna, untouched by man, cultural and historical objects. Before the Park staff is not an easy task not only to preserve the existing wealth, but of amplifying it, since the territory holds about seventy percent of the species composition of plants and animals all over the Udmurt Republic.

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Geographical location protected area

The national Park «nechkinskijj” located on the shores of the Votkinsk reservoir in the middle reaches of the Kama. It should be noted that the territory of the left and right Bank are very different from each other. Left-Bank lands presented above flood terraces and floodplains. Prikam'e same – this is nothing like valley with small rivers, gullies and ravines.

Kama with the influx of Bullshit are the main rivers of the protected area.

The national Park «nechkinskijj” is located in areas with temperate climatic conditions. These places are characterized by long cold winters and warm summers, very short offseason. July is the warmest month in this period, the average temperature is nineteen degrees. But the coldest time is January, the average temperature is -15 degrees.

Flora

The national Park «nechkinskijj” has a boreal flora of the temperate type, which is characterized by great diversity. Here was found a 745 species of vascular plants, 82 – this is a rare species and four listed in the Red book. There are also unique plants that were first found during the research that grow only on the protected area: pomocnik creeping Butterbur reed, lines field.

The Park is dominated by spruce forest. Pure spruce fir submitted by the Finnish and Siberian. They meet in the territory in fragments. Generally fir trees are the fir, pine, birch, lime. Spruce woods are located in ravines and other low-lying terrain, as well as on slabosolenym or asalivary floodplain areas of the Kama river.

On the territory of the protected area was 24 pteridophytes species of plants, 6 gymnosperms, 678 - angiosperms.

The Park «nechkinskijj” located at the junction of three natural climatic zones: forest-steppe, taiga and deciduous forests.

Forest Park

Pine forest is very diverse in its composition. Pine-belomonte quite limited in areas of growth. They are on the South of the site. In arlenovich pine forests meet hazel, maple and oak. But regarding red bilberry (pine) was chosen hills. Often there is a pine vantovye and regarding red bilberry.

In the lands of the Park there are several places dominated by fir. On rich soils grow black alder forests. The deciduous and broad-leaved forests dominated by oak. In the floodplain of the Kama river are dominated by willow thickets.

Protected areas can meet all types of wetlands: lowland, transitional and highland. In the pine forests and the lowlands very often there are sphagnum bogs.

No less rich aquatic vegetation of the Park. She has bolesixty kinds.

Fauna “Nickisch” Park

Fauna of the national Park «nechkinskijj” is very diverse. The local ponds are inhabited by 38 species of fish, six species completely disappeared in connection with the regulation of the effluents of the Volga and Kama rivers.

In the Votkinsk reservoir, is home to sabrefish, roach, ruff, perch, ukleja, Volzhskiy, nonindigenous, pike, sprat, bream, burbot, bream, IDE, perch. Occasionally in the fall catch carp, trout, catfish, loach, white-eyed. In reservoirs, quite a lot of carp, but everywhere is dominated by bream.

Currently allowed fishing with a license, and it is, in principle, available to any citizen. Experts believe that recreational fishing has reached serious proportions and is comparable to industrial. The only difference is that in species preferences. The basis of the industrial catch is the sabrefish, while fans prefer perch, bream and pike.

Diversity of fauna

According to official data, fauna of the national Park «nechkinskijj” are 213 species of vertebrates (terrestrial) animals. Specialists suggest the existence of three more species, but so far no accurate data. Over the past decade completely disappeared muskrat. In General, according to experts, lists animals in need of serious revision and further refinement.

According to the materials of works of Udmurt University it can be argued that the Park is home to 155 species of birds. These areas fall under the nesting sites. Only thirty species live there, the rest are migratory birds.

The Park is dominated by birds characteristic of forest and of marsh zones. The share of steppe birds are very minor.

The forests are the following fauna: elk, lynx, brown bear, common hedgehog, shrew, wood mouse, beaver, red squirrel, mole, marten, wild boar, ermine, badger, Fox, wolf, weasel, otter.

The Park found over 2000 invertebrates, there is a lot of insects, which is associated with the presence of floodplain and wetlands.

Monuments in the national Park «nechkinskijj”

The Park has eight monuments that have important recreational value. These include tracts “Galeva” and “Nickinson" source "Makarov" the mouth of the river Siwa, fence lake, peat bogs “Chemalskoe” and “Pure Kostomarovskiy”.

The Forest along the rivers have great water protection value. All nature monuments are important for scientific and educational activities, as well as great recreational potential. Interesting is the fact that different parts of animals and plants adapted to this place. Together they form a unique community found nowhere else.

Scientific papers

The Park's Staff is active in research activities both in the historical and biological direction. The presence of thirty archaeological sites requires a detailed study and certification.

Before the employees have the following tasks:

1. A Thorough study of the fauna and flora of all parts of the Park.
2. Objective assessment of populations of “red” and rare varieties.
3. Conducting important research in a number of areas.

Proceedings of the national Park «nechkinskijj” are important. Among them, of particular interest is the chronicle of nature, which is conducted since 2005. Scientific staff of protected areas regularly publish their works, among which are:

1. The moth Fauna of the Park.
2. Corydalis national Park.
3. The Fauna of beetles burying beetles.
4. The Results of studies of beetles.

Works very much, they cover the flora and fauna of the Park «nechkinskijj”. In addition, employees are very actively cooperating with many tourist, scientific organizations, museums and publications. Scientific partnership helps to conduct research and to disseminate the results of work not only in narrow circles of specialists, but also among the masses, thus attracting people, dedicating them to the problems of nature.