Role - a sentence in your creative life? History

In the days of the ancient Greek theatre there was a division on certain types of characters. So there is the role of an actor - roles in accordance with external data, with the result that until the last century throughout life the actors were forced to implement only one image.

In Ancient Greece dramatic works were divided into two main types: tragedy and Comedy. Accordingly, we allocated two types of actors -the tragedians and comedians. Getting into any group is determined largely by the play style, and appearance of the actor. Tragedians were people characterized by high growth, well-knit figure, with a low tone of voice. Their opposite – the actors are low and full, speaking in a high voice. They could do only comic roles.

Medieval Italian Commedia Dell'arte expanded antique images and created new roles. This servant, the Lord and heroes-lovers. A distinguishing feature of the Commedia Dell'arte – leather mask, a mandatory attribute of the character. At the beginning of every theatrical career, the actor chose a mask, and then almost all my life I played only one role. Theatre historians have over one hundred different masks, but most of them belonged to similar characters that differ from each other only names and small details. Women's roles the actors performed without the use of masks.

In the XVII century, in the age of classicism, French theatre continued creating basic stable image in drama and fixed distribution of roles for actors of certain psychophysical data. At this time arose the concept of role is a term derived from the French word “expense”, which translates as “role”, “post”, “use”.

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In order to get the role, the actor must meet a certain set of requirements, among which, as in ancient times, appear height, build, tone of voice, type of person. But the role – it's not only the appearance of the character, but declamatory and plastic characteristics, behavioral line. The transition from one role to another is not frowned upon, therefore, as in the medieval theater actors during his theatrical career he performed a monotonous role, improving their skills and trying to add a some flavor. The exception was only the age of the role that the theater's management was transferred aged actors.

At the French theatre in the eighteenth century, such was the role of the actress, as ingenue – sincere, but naive and simple-minded girl. The characters-young men of such character are called suckers. Soubrette (the male version of the servant) is fun, enthusiasm and lively character, often that character has their masters invaluable help in love Affairs. There is the concept of transvestite aboutNachause the fact that the female takes the role of actor-man, and Vice versa.

So would the actors life the same role, if in the last century Konstantin Stanislavsky and Mikhail Chekhov made a statement that theatrical role – it's the cliches that hamper the development of talent, do not allow him to manifest fully. Like the opinion was met with disbelief, but now, watching the amazing transformations of contemporary actors, we can see that the great Directors were right.