How to determine the water levels?

The Definition of ground water level – a compulsory study in highly populated areas near reservoirs, rivers, lakes, seas. Any person who acquires a land plot for construction of residential houses or commercial buildings should be aware of the depth of groundwater at the site. Depends on the method of construction of Foundation, choice of materials, cost and even human life.

What is groundwater table?

Before you determine water levels, you should know what it is. Groundwater – this is the first water-bearing underground layer above clay soil (it allows water to leak, holds it up). From groundwater is the source. As a rule, nearby bodies of water as well as rainfall, melted snow. The rise of water level is directly dependent on the time of year, the capacity of groundwater resources, i.e. their volume. These factors contribute to the variation of depth and distance from land surface to groundwater. In spring their level is raised due to snowmelt, heavy rainfall, abundant moisture from other sources. In the summer it falls, and the lowest water levels recorded in winter.

The method of determining the water level

In order to properly determine the level of water at the site will require the assistance of surveyors, but this procedure can be performed independently. Previously, it was determined digging wells. Today, there are several methods available. First – the most modern. To use it will help tools: garden auger (its length should be not less than two meters), metal long rod (it should make marks that represent centimeters).

Drill one well on the entire length of the drill and don't touch it during the day. Twenty-four hours in the well should appear in the water. Then lower the rod into the hole, which will serve as a measure. Mark will show the depth of the liquid. If the rod was wet at around ten centimetres or less, then, knowing the depth of the well, it is possible to calculate the distance of the groundwater table. For example, from two hundred centimeters subtract ten (measuring rod). The resulting number is the distance to gratovich waters. To check the fluid level should be within the next couple of days. If the result does not change, it will be considered a ground mirror. If the depth is more than two metres, use a spoon drill. Experts advise to carry out the determination of the level of soil water in the spring.

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Traditional methods

To determine the level of water previously used method of monitoring vegetation that predominates on a certain territory. If the soil is wet, the area is growing meadowsweet, alder, reed, forest, willow, currant, meadowsweet, sorrel. These plants indicate excess soil moisture and high setting. Note the slope of the shrubs and trees. If the crown bent in one direction, so, there high ground layer. The peculiarity is that the grass and vegetation on this site is abundant, has a juicy green color.

What is it

To Determine water levels before the laying of the Foundation-an important stage of any construction. If the groundwater level is high – this means increased humidity of the soil, which has low load-carrying capacity. Objectively build a house on this site is impossible. If water levels are high, it can fill the excavated pits and trenches. In this case, to build the Foundation not recommended: first, you must drain the excess water and make waterproofing. But such measures are considered temporary, since the high groundwater level causing flooding. If a house is built without consideration of these factors, in the basement of standing water, and in the house there will be mold and fungus. Moreover, the high level of settlements cause spring floods, floods. For example, water levels in the Great Ustyug are often elevated, causing the threat of floods in this area is always present.

Depth

High water levels are considered if they lie on two meters and less. Such levels are characteristic of wetlands, low-lying slopes, banks of rivers and lakes. The low level of occurrence is the presence of groundwater at a depth of over two meters. This is the normal level of occurrence for building a house. The depth of flow of water means the top of the underground layer, the formation of which contribute to the loss of annual precipitation, rivers and lakes nearby. The depth of occurrence of groundwater depends not only on the construction of residential buildings, but also the organization of the landscape, planting plants and trees. If the land is in the high position, should take care of a complete drainage. Prior to construction, laying the Foundation explore the depths.

Floods in Veliky Ustyug

High water levels and, as a consequence, threatening floods, floods plagued the city of Veliky Ustyug in the Vologda region from the sixteenth century. It was then in Veliky Ustyug chronicle first mentioned the destruction that brought the water.

The Most famousflooding occurred in 1998. High water levels in the Great Ustyug has led to disastrous consequences. Spring in the river Sukhona began a sharp rise in water level, which resulted in intensive ice drift, leading to congestion. Then a flood zone is the city of Veliky Ustyug and the twenty-four settlements.

In the Spring of 2016 in the Vologda region was flooded with more than a thousand homes. The water level in the river rose during the day by fifty centimeters.

In the twentieth century in Veliky Ustyug was recorded twenty-one emergency situation related to the rising waters.