What August 30 a holiday in Turkey

In our country on may 9 - Victory Day of the Soviet troops over Nazi Germany - roads and close to everyone. In this memorable date is a lot of activities designed to relive the events of those days, to honor the memory of the victims. In Turkey, too, there is such a day, strongly revered by its citizens, and its history is as interesting and heroic.

Public holidays in Turkey

In Addition to traditional religious holidays such as Ramadan and Eid al-Adha, in this country there are no less revered state. Since January 1, the Turks celebrate the New year, and February 8 - Day of the grandparents; 23 April - Children's day every second Sunday of may, the Turkish nation honors mothers. Date memory of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk (founder of modern Turkish state) and the Day of youth and sports - 19 may. And on 29 October - a celebration of the proclamation of the state Republic. Finally, 30 August Victory Day in Turkey. Let's talk more about its history.

History: the beginning of the war

Then still the Ottoman Empire was one of the participants of the First world war on the side of Italy, Germany and Austria-Hungary. However, the complex internal economic and political situation has forced the state to conclude a truce with the Entente countries.

As a Result of this agreement was the loss of the Empire of the territories of Arabia, Syria, Palestine, Armenia and Mesopotamia. On top of that, the allies promised Greece that the latter will get possession of the Western lands of Asia Minor and Eastern Thrace, the former residence of the Greeks, but being then under the rule of the Ottoman Empire.

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Soon the troops of Greece, Armenia and Entente invaded the territory of the future of Turkey. It should be noted that this war was fought in the name of high ideals - the restoration of "great Greece", that is increasing its territory to the size of the Byzantine Empire was the basis of political ideas of the Greek people since the thirties of the XIX century.

In the middle of may 1919 the Greek army landed near Smyrna (Asia Minor), and the Turks did her resistance. Thus began the Turkish war for independence in Soviet history known as the Kemalist revolution led by Mustafa Kemal atatürk.

The enemy Troops occupied the country with several areas:

• The Greeks were advancing to the West;
• Italian troops landed in Antalya;
• In the South-East was the army of the French;
• In the East, the United army of Armenia and the British invaders.

I Must say, the invaders while its offensive is actively exported from the territory of the Ottoman state antique artifacts produced by archaeological excavations. Therefore, many valuable works of ancient Greek art can now be seen not in their historical homeland, and in British and German museums.

However, the liberation movement under Mustafa Kemal gained power. In contrast to the power of the Sultan, in April 1920 was formed the Grand national Assembly. Has played a positive role and that of the army of France and Italy were gradually withdrawn from the country, so the main battle was between the armies of Greece and Istanbul.

In March 1921 was signed the agreement "On cooperation and friendship" between Turkey and the USSR, involving the gratuitous supply of the necessary arms and financial aid to the Turks from Soviet Russia.

The Battle Dumlupinar - the end of the war of independence of Turkey

On 26 August 1922 began the battle Dumlupinar ended the 30th of the same month. During the battle, the Greeks suffered a major defeat: the part of their troops were killed, some were captured. Victory day in Turkey - the last day of the battle. It is a symbol of the liberation of the Turkish people from foreign invaders. And on August 30 a holiday in Turkey in memory of this.

After the crushing defeat at Belpinar the remnants of the Greek army stopped in Smyrna. But September 9 there was already Turkish liberators. In the evening the town was set on fire, began a massacre of civilians. Different sources indicate different number of those killed in this terrible day - from 20 up to 200 thousand. And still Turkey and Greece blaming each other responsible for this cruel and senseless punishment.

The Outcome of the war was that the monarchy in the country was overthrown, and the national liberation movement took power into their own hands and established the Turkish Republic. Also in 1923 he signed a peace Treaty in which Turkey was recognized as an independent state, and the allies renounced all claims to Turkish lands.

Modern independent Turkey

Turkey today is a unitary state, semi-presidential Republic (combined presidential and parliamentary norms of governance). Its Constitution (the third since 1924) has three stable provisions:

1. Turkish state is a Republic.
2. It is a secular, democratic, legal state.
3. Nation, country, state indivisible unified whole.

The Head of state is the President with broad powers. But the legislature, as in the beginning of the movement for independence, presented the Turkish Grand national Assembly.

How to spend 30 August holiday in Turkey

Zafer Bayramı - Victory Day of great national celebration and an official holiday in the country. In this day there are military parades, concerts and related ceremonies. In General, 30 August - holiday in Turkey, when he plays a March of the janissary as a connecting symbol of remembrance of military victories of the country. People lay flowers to the mausoleum of Ataturk. Everywhere are put up national flags and portraits of Mustafa Kemal.

The Turks honor their history and the soldiers-liberators, who gave to the state independence, so 30 - August- holiday in Turkey, important and respected citizens.