Deployment - what is it? Which means the dislocation of military units, ships, railway cars, road signs or magistrates?

The Concept of "dislocation" is used in various fields. It can be found in science, military Affairs, law. For example, the allocation of magistrates talk about their deployment. This concept comes from the Latin words, and means "dislocation", "move", "shift", "post", "put".

Chemistry

Let us Consider the concept on the example of crystals. These structures may have some defects. They look like lines, and do an atomic particle is placed correctly. Such change is called a dislocation in the crystals. They become a structure-sensitive, changing some of their properties. Dislocation – this is a violation of both outside and inside. The crystal loses its mechanical properties, becomes less firm and elastic.

Classification

Dislocation is edge and screw. If the crystal is perfect, and throughout the atomic planes are parallel. But when they burst inside the structure, it leads to an edge dislocation. This means that the extra half-plane is formed. It is called the axis of deformation. If you use a microscope, we can see the picture details and see how specific located nuclear rows. If the chip is to make an incision along the plane into four parts, then move the lower part relative to the upper 1 interatomic distance in the perpendicular direction, and afterwards again to bond all the atoms on the edges opposite to each other, it is this picture would be perfect to illustrate an edge dislocation. The second incision – the direction of the shift, which is called the burgers vector. Through him and the line defect will be the slip plane of the dislocation. Thus was formed this extra plane. The crystal itself has lost its appearance and looks quite as it should. Deployment – it is a kind of tension. They occur inside the structure. Before the shift all the parts of the crystal are tense between them, highly elastic. But then this state is weakening. Start the changes inside the source, which leads to dislocation. The shift vector, which are in tension due to polarized light can attract and repel. If these vectors are the same, then in the crystal shift, the structure is stretched in one direction and slides in another. Upon approaching the dislocation is offset kompensiruet.

Recommended

"Knowledge is light and ignorance is darkness": the value, meaning and alternatives

There are some sayings that would seem to need no explanation, such as “teaching & ndash; light and ignorance – darkness”. But some still do not understand their meaning. But not only for such people is written by our article. I...

What was invented by Mendeleev for the army. The history and fate of the invention

D. I. Mendeleev was a brilliant Russian scientist-polymath, who made many important discoveries in various fields of science and technology. Many people know that he is the author of “Fundamentals of chemistry" and the periodic law of chem...

The origin of the Slavs. The influence of different cultures

Slavs (under this name), according to some researchers, appeared in the story only in 6 century ad. However, the language of nationality bears the archaic features of the Indo-European community. This, in turn, suggests that the origin of the Slavs h...

Transport

The Crystal may be deformed, but it doesn't just happen. At this point, just move inside dislocation. This phenomenon is better known as the slide. When this process occurs, the crystal is deformed by a distance equal to the second incision. But in this case, deformation not observed between all atoms, but only between those which have axis. This means that the interventions of external factors is not required. All occurs with relatively low stress, especially if you compare them with processes in ideal crystals, which are subject to change without dislocation. It is possible to observe on the example of threadlike structures.

Public properties

Both the dislocation can glide perpendicular to the surface, which leads to creep. This phenomenon is due to the fact that there is diffusion of atoms, but when the temperature drops slows down and the mutual penetration. If there is heavy load, then all the atoms resist this though and crawl to the desired position. In this case, slip does not occur. But the processes are intended to reduce stress. Itself deformation is directly proportional to the speed of deployment. And anyway, if the changes without a shift is possible only then, when diffusion is carried out.

Mobility

A Lot of factors hinders the slide. These include, in particular, include the strength of the atomic compounds, poor conductivity of electrons, for example in metals, elasticity, interactions with other dislocations, etc. in Other words, the fewer the obstacles, the faster becomes the shift. And as soon as the voltage rises and the slip increases. Generally, mathematicians have proved that dislocation – topological defects. They consistently are formed in the crystals. And if you face two shift, they will kill each other, will disappear. Single dislocation will disappear, except when you come over the edge of the structure. Next, we consider other areas of application of this concept.

Armed forces

At first glance, a strange combination of words, but it is actually quite simple. The deployment of troops – it was just the alignment of armed forces, troops, units, ships, naval bases. It can occur both on the territory of the country they belong to, and beyond its borders. The place of deployment – this is a plot of the deployment of troops before an important battle. The command structure thus explains which one to send, where to move to military action. Any changes in placement require strict permissions. Only companies, battalions and batteries can be moved at the request of the regiments, commanders, in which they are located, and the chief of the division mayto dispose of the battalion, but to go from a specific district is prohibited. There are special dislocation maps. They include symbols of the deployment of forces.

Ships

But the maps indicate the disposition of the courts have informational function. In other words, you can not use them to determine the correct course in marine navigation. The mapping uses a special identification system. On compiled Shimei is shown, where the movement of vehicles.

Railway transport

On the territory of Ukraine, Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Baltic States and CIS countries there is regular dislocation cars. And once or twice a day is informed about the location of trains. These processes take place directly on schedule. To monitor the movement and distribution manually. There are also automatic ways. They suggest special options. One of them is called "Request to the station".

Diagram of a dislocation of road signs

The Whole system should include several factors. So, it is compulsory to plan roads for cars, graphic curves and longitudinal grades. In addition, there should be markings on the roads, layout of signs and limitations, navigation and position lights, navigation (both ground and underground). Mandatory marking lights, public transport. There are many applications through which you can determine a dislocation of road signs to a particular place of their residence. They resemble a map or navigation.

Other incidents

In nature, there is even a dislocation of the brain. This phenomenon occurs when some structures are shifted relative to the others. This process leads to various diseases, in particular disturbance of the circulation, etc. since the brain does not completely fill the skull, under the influence of certain factors it can be displaced, thereby to deform. Subsequently, in the absence of timely treatment, the organ ceases to function properly.

Conclusion

So, dislocation – is a multifaceted concept. It is used in many fields. This may apply to crystals, to traffic, to military equipment and even to the brain. In each field, the term takes on additional meaning, a narrower meaning under the scope.