Tanya Savicheva: biography, blockade diary, and interesting facts

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2019-07-16 09:20:28

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The Usual Leningrad girl Tanya Savicheva has become world famous thanks to its diary, which she led to the 1941 – 1942 during the siege of Leningrad. This book has become one of the main symbols of those terrible events.

Place and date of birth

Tanya Savicheva was Born on 23 January 1930 in a small village called the Yard. This place was near lake Peipsi. Parents brought and raised her in Leningrad, where she spent almost all of his short life. Senior Savicheva themselves came from North of the capital. The girl's mother, Maria Ignatyevna decided to give birth in a remote village due to the fact that there lived her sister, whose husband was a professional doctor. He played the role of midwife and helped to deliver a baby safely.

Tanya Savicheva was the eighth child in his big and happy family. She was the youngest all my brothers and sisters. Three of them died before the birth of a girl in childhood in 1916 the epidemic of scarlet fever. So, Tanya the beginning of the blockade is survived by two older sisters (Nina and Eugene) and brother (Leonid & Mikhail).

Tanya Savicheva

Family Savichevs

Father Thani was a Chapman – that is, a former entrepreneur. Even in tsarist times Nikolai Savichev owned bakery, patisserie and even a cinema. When came to power the Bolsheviks, all these enterprises were nationalized. Nicholas Rodionovich has not only lost all of their possessions, but became disenfranchised – it lowered its voting rights as a socially unreliable.

In the 30 years of the family Savichevs even briefly evicted from Leningrad, but soon they were able to return to his hometown. However, Nicholas all these shocks did not survive and died in 1936. His children were not allowed to study at universities or to join the Communist party. Older brothers and sisters worked in various factories and enterprises of Leningrad. One of them – Leonid, was fond of music, which in the house Savichevs had a lot of tools and were constantly cheerful Amateur concerts. Junior Tanya especially confidentially treated his uncle Vasily (brother of father).

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blockade diary of Tanya Savicheva

The Beginning of the siege

In may 1941, Tanya Savicheva finished 3rd grade. Summer family wanted to go to the village of Dvorischi on vacation. However, on 22 June it became known about the German attack on the Soviet Union. Then all the adults Savicheva decided to stay in Leningrad and to help in the rear of the red army. Men went to the recruiting office, but was refused. My brother Leonid had poor eyesight, and uncle Vasily and Alex came of age. The army was only Michael. After the capture of Pskov by the Germans in July 1941, he became a partisan in the enemy's rear.

Older sister Nina then went to dig trenches near Leningrad, and Eugene began to take the blood needed for transfusions to wounded soldiers. Siege diary of Tanya Savicheva is not telling these details. It is only nine pages fit short notes girls about the death of their loved ones. All details about the fate of family Savichevs became known much later, when the diary of a child has become one of the main symbols of that terrible siege.

siege diary of Tanya Savicheva

Death of Eugenia

The First in the family Savichevs died Eugene. It greatly undermined his health due to regular blood donation at the point of transfusion. In addition, the older sister of Tanya continued to work at the factory. Sometimes she was staying right there to save his strength for the extra shifts. It was the fact that at the end of 1941 in Leningrad stopped all public transport. This was due to the fact that the streets brought huge snowdrifts that there was no one to clean up. To get to work, Eugene had every day to pass on foot a huge distance of several kilometers. Stress and lack of rest has greatly affected her body. 28 Dec 1941 Eugene died at the hands of his sister Nina, who came to visit her after she was found at work. Then siege diary of Tanya Savicheva has replenished with the first entry.

the diary of Tanya Savicheva

First entry

Initially, the diary of Tanya Savicheva from the siege of Leningrad was a notebook of her sister Nina. The girl used it in his work. Nina was the designer-draftsman. So her owner was half covered different technical information on boilers and pipelines.

The Diary of Tanya Savicheva began almost at the very end. The second part of the book was divided alphabetically for ease of navigation. A girl making the first record, reached the page marked “W”. There's a diary of Tanya Savicheva from the siege of Leningrad forever preserved the memory that Eugene died 28 December at 12 o'clock in the morning.

1942 New-y

Despite the fact that already in the first months of the encirclement of the city killed a lot of people, as if nothing had happened continued the blockade of Leningrad. The diary of Tanya Savicheva put in a few notes about the most terrible events for her family. The girl was writing up my notes with a regular colored pencil.

In January 1942, grandma Tanya's maternal Evdokia Grigorievna Fedorova was diagnosed with dystrophy. This sentence has become commonplace in every home, in every apartment and family. In Leningradceased to receive supplies from neighboring areas, and the inner supplies quickly dwindled. In addition, the Germans with air raids in the beginning of the siege destroyed the hangars where they kept the bread. It is therefore not surprising that the old 74-year-old grandmother of Tanya died of exhaustion one of the first. She died on 25 January 1942, just two days after the birthday girl.

the diary of Tanya Savicheva from the siege of Leningrad

Latest entries

Next after grandmother Evdokia dystrophy died Leonid. In the family it is affectionately called Liceu. 24-year-old young man was the same age as the October revolution. He worked at the Admiralty shipyard. The enterprise was not far from the house Savichevs, but Leka still haven't been there, and every day he slept over at the company to get on the second shift. Leonid died on March 17. The diary of Tanya Savicheva has kept news about the death of one of his pages.

In April, did not uncle Vasya, and in may – uncle Lesha. Brothers father Taani was buried in Piskarevskoe cemetery. Just three days after uncle Lesha died the girl's mother Mariya Savicheva. It happened on may 13, 1942. Then Tanya left in his diary the last three records – “Savicheva died”, “Died”, “has Remained one of the Tanya”.

The Girl did not know that Misha and Nina survived. The elder brother fought at the front and was a partisan, what about him for a long time not been heard. He became disabled in peace time moved only in a wheelchair. Nina, working with the Leningrad plant were hastily evacuated, and so were not able to notify the family about his salvation.

Sister after the war first discovered notebook. Nina sent her to the exhibition, describes the days in which was the siege of Leningrad. The diary of Tanya Savicheva has become known all over the country after that.

Savicheva Tatiana

Wandering girl

After the death of her mother Tanya was left alone. First she went to the neighbors Nikolaenko, who lived in the same house on the floor above. The father of this family organized the funeral of the mother of Tanya. The girl are unable to attend the ceremony because he was too weak. The next day Tania went to Evdokia Arsenyeva, who was a niece of her grandmother. Leaving home, the girl took the box, which kept different things (including a death certificate relatives, and diary).

The Woman had guardianship over the younger Savicheva. Evdokia worked in a factory and often left the girl home alone. She has suffered from dystrophy caused by malnutrition, which is why even with the coming of spring didn't break up with winter clothes (because I felt constant chills). In June 1942, Tanya found Vasily Krylov – longtime friend of her family. He was able to bring letters from her elder sister Nina, the former in the evacuation.

the siege of Leningrad, the diary of Tanya Savicheva

Evacuation

In the Summer of 1942 Savicheva Tatiana, along with a hundred children were sent to an orphanage in the Gorky region. There in the rear was safe. About the children care and many staff. But by the time health-Thani was hopelessly undermined. She was physically exhausted due to long malnutrition. In addition, the girl became ill with tuberculosis and isolated from peers.

The child's Health was waning very slowly. In the spring of 1944 she was sent to a nursing home. There's tuberculosis progressed to the last stage of its progress. Illness superimposed on malnutrition, nervous disorders and scurvy. The girl died 1 Jul 1944. In the last days of her life she went completely blind. So even two years after the evacuation killed their captives blockade. The diary of Tanya Savicheva was a short, but one of the most impressive and succinct evidence of the horrors faced by residents of Leningrad.


Article in other languages:

AR: https://tostpost.com/ar/education/18430-savicheva.html

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/adukacyya/35291-tanya-sav-chava-b-yagraf-ya-blakadny-dzenn-k-c-kavyya-fakty.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/bildung/34953-tanja-sawitschewa-biografie-belagerten-tagebuch-und-interessante-fakte.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/la-educaci-n/34801-tanya-savicheva-biograf-a-sitiada-diario-y-datos-interesantes.html

HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/education/20090-savicheva.html

JA: https://tostpost.com/ja/education/18107-savicheva.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/b-l-m/35573-tanya-savicheva-m-rbayan-blokadada-y-k-ndel-g-yzy-ty-fakt-ler.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/edukacja/36691-tania-savicheva-biografia-blokadnyy-pami-tnik-i-ciekawe-fakty.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/educa-o/36488-tanya-savicheva-biografia-sitiada-di-rio-e-fatos-interessantes.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/e-itim/32006-tanya-nc-b-l-m-biyografi-blokadnyy-g-nl-ve-ilgin-ger-ekler.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/osv-ta/35809-tanya-savicheva-b-ograf-ya-blokadniy-schodennik-c-kav-fakti.html

ZH: https://tostpost.com/zh/education/11351-tanya-savicheva.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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