The Storming Of The Bastille

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2018-03-27 00:17:10

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Every year on July 14 the French celebrate Bastille Day. The celebration is very peculiar and quite unexpected. And to understand what it is connected, requires a small digression into history.

A strong fortress, with high walls and eight towers of the Bastille were built more than 10 years, 1370-1381. And almost from the beginning, the fortress served as a prison. First, it contained the most dangerous criminals, with time it became a political prison. And in the same XVIII century, its prisoners have been many famous people, including the two times she was imprisoned Voltaire, the great philosopher of the time, and also the count of Cagliostro, the Countess de Lamotte, the Marquis de Sade, Nicolas Fouquet, etc. the List goes on, but the purpose of the article is not that.

Made in the prison by personal order of the king, without trial, so to speak. Yes, and the orders in the Bastille was much stricter than in any other prison. It is natural that this fortress was associated among the Parisians, and on the part of French despotism and political tyranny. And this, together with the fact that in the basement of the fortress stored ammunition, made the storming of the Bastille is almost inevitable.

The Revolutionary mood of the people in 1789 was growing rapidly. By mid-July of that year, the feudal caste, the States-General convened in may of the same year, spontaneously transformed into non-estate Agency that has positioned itself as the bearer of the people's will and on this basis claimed the Supreme power. Following this, the National Assembly created by the MPs “third class”, declared itself a National constituent Assembly.

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To quell the incipient revolution to Paris was pulled troops, consisting of foreign mercenaries in the amount of more than 20 000. Were then dismissed one of the popular Ministers, namely, Jacques Neckar. His place was taken by the Baron of Breteuil. This news alarmed the inhabitants of Paris, who feared the defeat of the National Assembly, because it had to fulfill such hopes. Each of these events gradually intensified popular anger, and thus have hastened the capture of the Bastille.

The Revolutionaries began to call upon the people to revolt, the most famous of the agitators was Camille Desmoulins. Consequently, in Paris on 13 July rioting, in particular, was sacked the monastery of Saint-Lazare. To be precise, his granary. The Parisian master Jacques de Plessel tried to stop the riots and created a city militia, comprised of about 48 thousand people. However, to arm the militia did not.

And then there was the storming of the Bastille. July 14, an armed mob of Parisians, numbering about 50 000 people looted arms depots in the nursing Home (this word in France was then called veterans who have already retired). Thus, in the hands of the rebels was about 40 000 guns. The next stop on their route was the Bastille, because in its cellars, as mentioned earlier, stored gunpowder and bullets.

To Marquis de Lone rebels were sent a delegation with a request to give ammunition to arm the city militia. De Lone received the delegation in the highest degree friendly, however, the issue of ammunition was abandoned. One after another of the delegation left with nothing.

Meanwhile, all the people stayed on the square. The garrison of the Bastille consisted of 114 persons, 32 of them were Swiss guards, and the remaining 82 – with disabilities. In addition, the walls of the fortress were mounted 13 guns. In the middle of the day, namely, at half past one, these guns opened fire on the crowd gathered near the fortress. The result of this action was the death of 89 people, and 73 were wounded. Then the Marquis had sent several delegations and then to the drawbridge drove captured in the Invalides cannon.

Seeing such a show of force and intent, de Lone did not rely on reinforcements from Versailles and decided to blow up the Fort. For this purpose he went down into the basement where they kept the gunpowder with the fuse lit. However, to carry out his plan he was not given. The garrison of the Bastille has convened a war Council, which voted unanimously for the change.

In exchange for a promise to save the lives of the defenders of the fortress, they passed the Bastille after 17 hours. Thus ended the storming of the Bastille. Almost all the defenders of the fortress, and master de Plessel were killed by an angry mob. This event was the first victory of people's revolution. Despite the fact that the storming of the Bastille was not a big victory, it still played an important role in the history of France. Over time this event became a symbol of inevitable victory over tyranny.

Since 1880, Bastille Day is celebrated as a national holiday.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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