The area of Luxembourg, description and photo

It is considered that the government – this is a fairly large area of territory with a certain number of people living on it. All this applies to any country in the world, but there is such power, the size of which does not well fit into the concept of a simple citizen of the average country. One of these States–of dwarfs is Luxembourg, the area of which is about 2586,4 sq. km. On it and talk more in the article.

Quick overview

This European country is located between the three largest countries: Germany, France and Belgium. The whole area of Luxembourg has had a state border, the total length of which is 359 km. While the coastline is completely absent (landlocked there). A public holiday in the country is June 23 – national day.

Population and language

As you know, the area of Luxembourg, a photo of which is given below, so small, and the number of residing people in the country are also low and estimated at the beginning of 2016 576 249. The official languages in the state are French and Luxembourgish. Main religion – Catholicism.

Historical background

The First people lived on the territory that is now the area of Luxembourg, even 35,000 years ago. In the Neolithic period in the South of the existing countries of the ancient settlers built homes out of trees, and the walls were covered with clay and vine. In the period from the sixth to the first century BC, the Luxembourg was inhabited by the Gauls, and after the country became part of Rome. The state also survived the invasion of the Franks.

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The middle Ages

During this period, the Luxembourg lands were part of Holy Roman Empire, and Lorraine. In the year 963, the country received independence, however, in 1477 came to power, the Habsburgs, and later the area of Luxembourg was under influence of Spain. After the uprising, organized by the Netherlands against the Spanish ruler, Luxembourg came under the protectorate of the Dutch. Subsequently, the state was alternately under the influence of France and Spain.

Twentieth century

During the First world war Luxembourg (the country area mentioned above) took a neutral position, but it did not save it from occupation by German troops in 1914. In 1919 the government took control of the Committee of public safety, but in the end, the French garrison returned the control power of the monarchy.

A Second occupation for Luxembourg came in 1940. And again came the Germans. But this time the government did not go on about the invaders, and because all of the nobles left their homes. The Duchy was merged in the power of traditional Nazi orders, and the French language was doomed. At the end of 1941 the country entered the Third Reich. About 12 thousand people were mobilized, another 3 thousand managed to escape, and about the same number of people died in the fighting.

In the Autumn of 1944 the whole area of Luxembourg was liberated from the Nazis, and the country entered an economic Union with the Netherlands and Belgium (formed from so-called Benelux). In 1949, a small but proud country became a member of the NATO military bloc, which has broken his many years of military neutrality. In 1964, on the throne of the Duchy were Prince Jean, who in October 2000 was forced to abdicate because of poor health and old age. In his place was his son Henry.

Political structure

The Head of Luxembourg is considered to be the Grand Duke. He personally exercises the Executive power in the country under the Constitution. It determines the quantitative composition of the government and its functioning, discloses and claims various laws defines people in military and civilian positions, is the Supreme Commander, has the right to conclude international agreements, etc.

The Government of Luxembourg is managed by the Prime Minister. The legislative branch is the chamber of deputies, which is elected for a term of five years through General elections under the proportional system. The elections are eligible to participate persons under eighteen years of age.

Administrative division

The Area of Luxembourg, which is described in detail in this article is divided into three districts: Luxembourg, Grevenmacher, Diekirch. In each of the districts, the main person is the Commissioner, and the cantons run by mayors. In the communes the local authorities represented by elected councils. The number of the twelve cantons, and communes – 105.

The Judicial system

Constitutional supervision, as you can guess, the constitutional court. The highest authority in the judicial hierarchy is the Supreme court, which consists of cassation and Appellate courts. There are also circuit courts, and magistrate courts. The law enforcement system by the Police of the Grand Duchy.

Economy

Despite the fact that the area of Monaco in square km is not too large, itthe state is already highly developed. Due to the presence of an offshore zone in the capital is of the order of thousands of different investment funds and over two hundred banking institutions, which in turn, far more than in any other locality in the world. In terms of income per capita, the country ranks fourth in the world rankings. One-tenth of the gross domestic product of Luxembourg is mining of iron ore and pig iron production.

It is Impossible to ignore the fact that the state has a huge external debt, which has increased especially in the crisis period 2008-2011. The basis of the economy consists of a variety of services in the financial sector in particular.

Also in the economy of the country was a place of banking, to develop telecommunication network, produced video and audio, is the production of chemical products, machinery, textiles, porcelain, glass, and plastics. Foreign companies like to work in Luxembourg because it often happens that the local workers are very familiar with several foreign languages.

The Area of Luxembourg in thousand km2 negligible, and the real estate market is quite expensive. In 2008, the average cost of one square meter of living space in the country amounted to almost € 4800.

Taxation

The basis of the tax system of the state invested the following fees:

• Income tax levied on individuals.
• The Income tax paid by corporations.
• Municipal tax.
• Tax.
• The value added Tax.

The Municipalities have the right to charge yourself only with one tax – land Assembly.

Energy, communications, transportation

Studying the area of Luxembourg, details of which are presented in this essay, we note that the total length of roads for vehicles equal to 5100 kilometers of the railway track stretches for 370 miles. Main river port of the country is Mertert. Also there is a long pipeline of 48 km.

Telephone communication state is fully automated. The country leases the three submarine cable TAT-b laid between Europe and North America.

Almost all forms of energy consumed in Luxembourg is imported from abroad, including coal, natural gas, oil.

Capital

The area of the city of Luxembourg is 51,73 sq. km. Not to say that in the main city of the country there are many people. According in 2016, the number of the capital's population is about 115 thousand. The percentage of foreigners is very high – 58%. The city itself is situated at an altitude of 316 meters above sea level and is situated at the confluence of two not very large rivers – the Petrusse and Alzette. The climate in Moscow is temperate oceanic, mild. Winter is very soft and in summer the temperature often rises above the level of 25 degrees Celsius. In addition, very rarely in the city is Sunny, often cloudy. Precipitation falls year-round, and in winter quite often are abundant and prolonged snowfalls.

The Main square of Luxembourg city-the Constitution square, which for its size is not very big. At its center is a monument to those residents of the city who died during the First and Second world wars. At the foot of this monument is a statue of a soldier who mourns his dead brethren. Top sculptural work is crowned with the figure of “Golden Frau” holding a Laurel wreath in his hands. The monument was erected in 1923, but in 1940 it was destroyed by the Nazis. The restoration of historic sites occurred in 1984.

In addition, from the square you can see Notre Dame and all its three towers. There is also a special viewing platform. They can explore the most beautiful places. For trips provided trips to various attractions on the bus with an open top.

Transfer of power

The Whole area of Luxembourg, details of which are available today, each is in control of one person – the Duke. In the long tradition of the throne in the country passed to the eldest male of the family of the rulers, and if it is absent, in its place comes the eldest daughter. The family of the Dukes in the state is very popular among ordinary people, because the nobles symbolize the prosperity and stability of power.

Culinary world

Although the area of Luxembourg in km2 not too impressive, still in this country is very well developed cuisine. Local chefs combine their recipes to achieve the German, Belgian and French cuisines. However, there are exclusively Luxembourgish recipes. For example, very popular dairy jellied pigs, pork and beans, roast hare in Luxembourg. And what is especially famous in Luxembourg, is the white wines varieties have been recognized across the European continent. Also, in the state produce many kinds of beer and sparkling wines.

As for the crime rate in Luxembourg, that in this country the level of crime is quite low. It outputs the Duchy into one of the leading positions in the world for safety. However, statistics show that in recent yearsincrease in the number of pickpocketing, because it is not necessary to lose vigilance in public places, and especially at the airport and at railway stations.