Mechanical engineering in Russia. Geography and structure

Engineering in Russia is one of the most developed branches of industry and a very important component of the economy. Most of the largest companies in this sector were built during the Soviet period. According to available official figures, at the moment in Russia there are about two thousand medium and large enterprises of mechanical engineering, which include including the enterprises of metal working.

Centers of machine building in Russia

One of the most important segments of the engineering industry of the country is the military-industrial complex, the annual revenue of which exceeds sixteen billion dollars.

However, the importance of this sector of economy is connected not only with the amount of annual revenue, but with the amount of political and scholarly relations that are created through military-technical cooperation. Today Russia has agreements on cooperation with more than eighty countries. The largest partners are China, India, Argentina, Venezuela, Indonesia, and Vietnam.

The Largest engineering centers in Russia, which are involved in the production of military equipment, Nizhni Tagil, where is the "Uralvagonzavod"; "Izhevskiy mashinostroitelniy Zavod", which produces the famous Kalashnikov assault rifles; Nizhny Novgorod machine-building plant, which produces various types of ammunition.

Heavy machinery Russia

The heavy machinery will also include shipbuilding industry, which is considered one of the most technologically advanced and knowledge intensive. More than a thousand businesses involved in the production of ships, we provide a full production cycle from prototyping to implementation of the most modern electronics and signals intelligence.

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If slightly to expand the range of enterprises involved in varying degrees in the production of products for shipbuilding, their number will rise to four thousand. This increase is due to the inclusion of a design Bureau involved in the development of high-tech components and complicated electronics dual-purpose.

The Largest centres of heavy engineering in Russia are such cities as Saint-Petersburg, Severodvinsk and Kaliningrad. In addition, important industry enterprises in Nizhny Novgorod region.

Automotive industry

But the engineering in the country has not only a military purpose, also occupies an important place in civil and automotive, which represented the three largest companies in the industry: AVTOVAZ, KamAZ and major engineering concern GAS, which includes twelve companies, with one of the widest geography of machine building in Russia.

However, the majority of enterprises relating to these corporations, is experiencing a prolonged crisis of the last ten years, caused by falling demand for their products. In turn, the demand for the products of domestic automobile industry caused by increased competition in this market.

In the period from 2000 to 2010 in the country were built many factories producing products under such brands as Nissan, Opel, Kia, Volvo and Ford Truc.

However, foreign manufacturers come to the Russian market not only through the construction of their own plants, but also through investments in the existing enterprises and the purchase of promotional shares. For example, a major shareholder of KAMAZ is company of Daimler.

Aviation industry

The machinery Industry in Russia is presented including the aviation industry, which, like shipbuilding, requires serious research, human resources and strong industrial tradition.

All power in the aircraft industry is divided between two public corporations: the United aircraft building Corporation and Oboronprom.

In the first focus resources and enterprises involved in the manufacture of aircraft, including all necessary components, and avionics. The composition of the joint-stock companies consists of twenty companies producing military and civilian products and dual-purpose products, and its largest enterprise is "Company "Sukhoi"".

The defense industry includes companies, which are designed and manufactured helicopters and components. The main office is in Moscow, but given the fact that she owns the company "Helicopters of Russia", we can safely talk about the national importance of the company.

The Rocket and space industry

In the modern world it is difficult to imagine any economy without costing such means of wireless high-speed Internet and stable mobileconnection. Many processes in the world economy based on the rapid exchange of data between economic entities located on a huge distance from each other.

The Rocket engineering of Russia gives it a leading position in the international space market and enables annual orbit dozens of satellites for international customers.

The Largest companies in the industry are the "RSC Energia" and GKNPTs im. M. V. Khrunichev in the development and production of rockets, aimed at ensuring uninterrupted supply the ISS and deliver astronauts to it.

Agricultural engineering

Heavy industry of Russia is presented and also production of agricultural machinery, without which it is impossible to imagine the effective use of huge land and climatic resources of the country.

One of the leaders of Russian and world agricultural machinery industry is the company "Rostselmash", located in Rostov-on-don.

In addition, enterprises of agricultural mechanical engineering of Russia is located in Chelyabinsk and Cheboksary. Another important enterprise engaged in the production of equipment for storage, cleaning and sorting of grain, located in Voronezh called "Voronezhselmash".