Extinguishing fires at low water: characteristics of fire extinguishing

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2020-04-19 04:20:14

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Fire – it is a disaster that can destroy everything in the area. How good that there are services involved in its rapid elimination. But sometimes that has to do fire fighting with a lack of water. Or when other severe conditions which greatly complicate the whole process. On such cases I would like to tell you more.

extinguishing fires at low water

Complicated the situation

Fires when lack of water is very difficult to implement – especially when at the scene of fire there are no sources where you can restock. Still occurs the same problem if they are far away from the burning object. Low air temperature in winter and the cold months can also be a barrier. Like a strong wind. Quenching is difficult, if the court reigns the night. But some of the most severe cases of – the fires that occurred in those places where there are explosives, radioactive and emergency chemical warfare agents.

Terms can be different. In severe situations, the personnel should show more restraint, dedication, ingenuity, efficiency, and fearlessness. As well as excellent knowledge of fire-fighting equipment.

First steps

Now is the time to list the features of extinguishing fires at low water. The first thing the Director of logistics shall notify the user that the required amount of liquid no. The higher a person needs to know that the original approved plan is the elimination of combustion is changed.

After that the staff takes measures for finding additional sources of water. The search involved local workers, ordinary citizens and the police. At the same time must be performed emergency reconnaissance (survey area). To speed up the process is using a geographic map. And everything must be done as quickly as possible. Because the fire continues to destroy everything that comes in his way, and every second counts.

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features of extinguishing fires at low water

Preparations

If you want to do fire fighting with a lack of water, it is necessary to take into account several important factors. And focus on them while performing the above actions.

Taking the decision regarding the method of ensuring stable water supply to the fire, it is necessary to know (at least approximately) how big the supply of water near the scene. Also what is the distance from a fluid source to the fire. The specifics of the relief is also taken into account. And as passages to the water source also should be considered. It should have a clear, unobstructed path. Otherwise, the situation is aggravated even more.

If in place of fire has the capacity of fill sources, the chief is obliged to organize the supply of water. Allowed permutation pumps water pumps. Only you need to pre-prepare hose lines.

If the water network is very weak pressure, which cannot be increased, it is necessary to install fire hydrants to the pump. There is another option. Wells hydrants can be used as an intermediate container with liquid fence of them. Often it so takes place extinguishing fires with the water shortage.

Organization of water supply to pumping and the construction of temporary piers and containers for liquids are also permitted. This practice was observed with the elimination of complex and lengthy fires.

tactics of fighting fires when water shortage

Other ways of solving the problem

The Above lists only some options, through the use of which may be in extinguishing fires at low water. A methodical plan in such cases is misplaced because the situations are unpredictable. However, the fallback of the personnel should be always.

Before the arrival to the place you need to find out whether there is any open water. This can be a pond, lake, river or canal. It's important one condition – high placement of the horizon of water. And good access to the source. In that case, if the horizon is low and the reservoir is close to impossible, the chief organizes the diversion of water through motor pumps, ejectors and hydraulic Elevator.

It Happens that the fluid supply does not carry out via trunk lines. No related equipment or fire hoses, for example. In this case, it is necessary to organize the supply of water in tanks. Involved in milk tank trucks, watering machines – all the means adapted for this purpose.

fire-fighting when water shortage methodological

What else should be considered?

In the work of rescue extremely important tactics of extinguishing fires at low water. The main task of each of them – to ensure an uninterrupted supply of fluid. This may be used any technique – the pump station, river and sea vessels, and even the fire of the train.

It is Very important to communicate with the water services of the city/settlement. You can request plans and drawings of the networks. If the pressure in the water pipes is too weak, you need to use additional pumps on or off flow of fluid in other areas to direct its maximumthe number to eliminate the source of ignition. Usually you don't put out fires with a lack of water.

Organization of water supply is important, but the staff, repaying the hearth, it needs to save. That is why you need to use barrels of dispensers and sprinkle a small diameter. And even if there are internal fire hydrants will involve, first and foremost.

Elimination of the lesion with no fluid

So, it has been above told about how to put out fires with a lack of water. Briefly we can talk about the fire without the use of liquids.

They Now use powder fire-fighting. It – modular plants, characterized by versatility. They are used to eliminate fire of any class. But the disadvantages are also there. The disadvantages include the low degree of penetration of substances in which the speed of localization and the efficiency is reduced. Visibility is also getting worse – move around the object and terrain is complicated. And most significant disadvantage is that powder exposure causes great damage to property.

In this regard, better gas system. They do no harm to property. Commonly used in museums, libraries, research institutes and even in the server. The option is economical. Besides using them, you can extinguish the fire without turning off the electricity.

And even used aerosol system, harmless to humans, and foam.

extinguishing fires at low water briefly

Elimination of fire in winter time

A Few words should be said about putting out fires with a lack of water at low temperatures. It is clear to everyone what are the challenges faced by personnel in such a situation.

If the court of -10 °C and below, the fire fighting equipment can fail. Of course, work to be resumed, but it takes precious seconds. Because in this case, to avoid failure of equipment, it is necessary to apply fire nozzles, high flow liquid. The hose coupling head must protect in every way possible – even snow. Branching, if they are laid outside, it is necessary to insulate. But it is better to lay them out in the room inside the building.

Also it is impossible to prevent overlaps of hose, branches or fire barrel. And, especially, the disconnection of the pumps. It is also important to identify the areas in which it is possible to fill tanks with hot or at least warm water. It also may be necessary for thawing frozen in the folds of the sleeves.

putting out fires with a lack of water at low temperatures

When the liquid is contraindicated?

Well, how is the extinguishing fires at low water, clear. Now – a few words about the cases in which the fluid use is contraindicated.

The Water can not put out any burning oil products – whether it be kerosene, Napalm or gasoline. If you pour it on them, the substance, continuing to blaze, just POPs up (as it is easier) and spread out, spreading the fire over a greater area.

Still impossible to repay water installations under voltage. Liquid – perfect conductors. Which, when exposed with this setting, can kill a man if he inadvertently come in contact with it (elementary stepping in a puddle).

And cover with water prohibited substances, entering it into a reaction which entails the allocation of explosive gases. This is quicklime, calcium carbide and many more.

putting out fires with a lack of organization of water supply

Behavior

Finally – a little bit about what actions need to be taken in case of fire. The first step is to call the fire Department and help get out those who make themselves difficult – the elderly, the disabled, children and animals (the friars it is impossible to forget). Also, be sure to turn off the gas supply and appliances from the network. If you put out a hearth improvised means impossible, it is necessary to leave the room and close his door. But the key is not to lock up. It is desirable to throw the door cold water and put all sorts of cracks with wet cloth.

And most importantly – a minimum of panic. Emergency important a cool mind. Emotions only interfere with the action.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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