What is the drift net, drift-net fishing

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2020-05-19 14:00:18

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Drift fishing is fishing, which is implemented by the drifters – commercial fishing vessels. The ship is drifting with the tide and wind together with a very long chain, the so-called drift order, or floating networks that constitutes a single system. The length of the networks can reach 50 km. These nets catch moving fish. Need for drift-net networks have arisen in connection with necessity of production of certain types of fish that are kept sparse. In this way carry out tuna fishing, mined salmon, mackerel and herring.

tuna fishing

Networking Features

Drift (or smooth) networks are setae canvas, which fish is not regarded as a barrier, so strong it pulls the mesh, tightly entangled in them, without the possibility to escape. Rectangular a separate network with a height of 10-12 m and a length of 30 meters are linked in a single drift net procedure, the basis of which can serve as a rope leader, and buoys and floats support the system at a given depth. Use drift-nets for the industrial production of fish from the drifters.

drift-nets

Materials Used

The catching Efficiency of the gear depends on many factors, including the material and thickness of the filament, cell size, coloring, planting cloth on the rebounds. If you have previously used vegetable filaments, including cotton from twisted thread, now most often used are more durable and efficient fishing net nylon and nylon, Milanova and the like of man-made fibers.

fishing nets nylon

High efficiency demonstrated fishing nets of monofilament (fishing line), the so-called iskovye. The main advantage of these gear is their transparency. Even in daylight, the catching capacity in the clear water is very high, while competently painted network of other materials can spook fish. In addition, they have higher rigidity than that of twisted threads, which supports the expanded mesh does not allow the chains to become entangled and dirty. Although stiffness is a little difficult to work with them and increases the volume, requiring more space on the deck.

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Constructive types of networks

According to their structure adaptations for fishing can be single-walled Gill nets, or Trammel double walled. The last two species are also called ‘thread waste”. The most effective are fishing nets Trammel consisting of three netting panels. Outside are krupnojacheistye paintings called regu (Raju, Rajoy), and in the middle is smaller this part (del). All three paintings are planted on some picks, but this part has a greater length and is located between the outer layers with significant slack. Passing through cut, fish become entangled in this part, getting to the net bag. Double-wall consists of two canvases with different cell size and effective when it is precisely known which side is the fish.

fishing nets Trammel

For drift-net fishing is most often used fishing nets from nylon monofilament or nylon monofilament. Nylon picks are also taken. The most effective smooth walled network.

Construction Types drift orders

The Network between them can connect to in different ways. There are three main types: simple, with a top or bottom leader. The coastal strip can be used for small, simple orders, but in the open sea needed a more reliable design, so there are orders with the leaders, ensuring the integrity of the procedure and increasing reliability.

fishing nets of monofilament

Simple procedure

For a small drift of the order sometimes just connecting several individual networks sequentially between the lower and upper priami. So get a simple drift in order. It is used in lakes and marine coastal areas by small vessels. Most often it includes only 15-20 networks, but when you take more, generally do not exceed 1-1,5 km.

Snoods are attached to the mooring buoys, which keep the order afloat. The desired horizon is exposed by adjusting the length powodow. Bottom network weight, placing the load in the lower selection. Two sides has also ottogi. The front is fastened with a retaining end – the rope that goes directly on the ship, and behind ottogi connect with podmayachny the end – the rope attached to the lighthouse. The beacon (light or pennant, attached to the buoy with weighting) shows where the end of the procedure.

tuna fishing

To Organize such a procedure is easy, but for long networks, and especially for use in the open sea, it is not suitable. The tension of the nets during the drift is very high, so such an arrangement would detach from the ship or he will be destroyed.

Assignment leader

To greatly reduce the risk of breakage, apply the so-called leader – a thick rope, which is attached to the order throughout. Fishing involves pooling together up to 100-150 networks. The tension at drift falls on a reliable leader, not on the network. A separate network attached not only to each other but also to the leader, which also enhances the design.

The leader can be divided intothree parts: direct leader, the stop (idling) end for connection with the vessel and podmayachny end for attaching the beacon. It turns out that the ship is fixed that is the leader, which holds the network. Park end is the most durable. It can reach a length of 200-500 m, which depends not only on the depth at which plunges the procedure, but also on sea state and wind strength.

At the sample networks thrust exercise for a leader. This allows to mechanize the production process. Moreover, used machines, controlling the tension on the leader, if necessary, bleed it to reduce excess tension.

Characteristics of a leader

Depending on the technique of fishing and the type of vessel is set to the desired length powodow that it was convenient to choose the drift net: the leader is selected through mangager, and the network must reach a certain space on the Board, the snoods should to provide a desired distance. On small vessels it is only 1.5-2 meters, and the biggest can reach 10 meters.

Due To the fact that the tension of the leader as the distance from the ship to the lighthouse is reduced, the leader often make a composite, reducing the thickness of the rope. Additionally, it reduces the cost of the procedure and reduces the weight of the order. But to deflections toward the end of the network due to the reduction of tension, sometimes to the lighthouse adds a floating anchor or change the distance between the buoys.

Order to lower alpha

For the organization of the order with the lower leader separate drift-nets are joined into a single unit also in the upper and lower priori, but under networks throughout the order is the leader. He connected networks vojakova the snoods with bystrovozvodimyh nodes. Afloat in order to keep the buoys, which the snoods are attached at the junctions of the networks or to the top selection. The length powodow depends on the immersion depth of the networks. Additional freight down is not required as the boot itself serves as the leader, stretching the network.

commercial fishing

Use this procedure for small depths, plunging the network to 30-40 m. It is easy to operate. For vimetco and sample order we have to work only with vojakova the snoods without the hassle gruselle.

Order with top leader

If necessary, fishing at great depths is often used order to upper leader. In this case, it passes over networks. Mooring the snoods are attached to him, reaching lengths of sometimes over a hundred metres. Between the buoys connected by rope guide for ease of selection. Vojakova the snoods are connected with the upper podborki or priuchali networks. On the lower picks have to add loading in the form of cast iron weights.

drift-net fishing is a

To Work with this procedure more difficult than using a bottom leader, because of the need to organize the download, and requires more attention buoy Explorer. However, this drift-net fishing is a necessity when fishing at great depths. In this case, the lower leader can in the sample, or even the tension of the wound on a network, therefore does not apply. In addition to the advantages of a top leader, you can also add damping of the jerks from the buoys, so the network will be more calm. The downside is the risk of separation of the buoy in large waves.

In fact, sometimes used midwater order to determine exactly where one or the other fish. This often creates a combination of types of orders.

Harm from the use of drift nets

In some regions, commercial fishing with drift nets is prohibited. So, do not use it in the North Pacific ocean to maintain stocks of some fish species. Large-scale drift-net fishing is prohibited by the UN General Assembly in the open waters of the oceans. Allowed the scientific gear such networks, but this opportunity is often misused. Yet a complete ban on driftnetting, but has already established a shorter period and some limitations for this type of fishing.

fisheries

In drift-nets are often caught marine mammals and sea birds, which thus perish. The numbers are frightening. Thus, only in the far East in the Russian economic zone because of this killed over 100 thousand birds and mammals 2.5 million annually. And the salmon populations themselves are reduced.

Another serious threat is the attitude of fishermen themselves. Often mined sockeye – the most valuable of the salmon, while the rest of the fish, including juvenile sockeye salmon, other species salmon, pink salmon and chum salmon just thrown overboard. Such re-ordering is ruining the wasted a huge amount of fish, which is a violation of fishing regulations.


Article in other languages:

HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/business/24307-what-is-the-drift-net-drift-net-fishing.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/biznes/42091-co-to-jest-drifternye-sieci-drifternyy-po-ow-w.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/neg-cios/41673-o-que-drifternye-rede-drifternyy-inha.html

ZH: https://tostpost.com/zh/business/48970-what-is-the-drift-net-drift-net-fishing.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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