In 1744 by decree of Empress Elizabeth established the ‘Portselinovaya manufactory”, which became the basis of the Russian school of porcelain. The reason for the creation of this company – fashion. In the eighteenth century "white gold” were able to do in China and some European countries. In the same year, the Swede Christopher Gunger employed for the production organization, started responsibilities. To say that he excelled in this field, it would be an exaggeration, because in the four years of works he managed to make only six small cups, and wonky and dark. But it was a start.
Supervising the process Baron Cherkasov, frustrated in foreign experts, decided to trust the Russian chemist Dmitry Vinogradov, who worked by Lomonosov, and no mistake. The Imperial porcelain factory began, finally, to produce products in terms of quality not only not inferior, but superior to European.
The functions of production in those years were public rather than commercial. Diplomatic gifts are showing that “we can”, presentation to court nobles and other Souvenirs were a big part of the production. The Imperial porcelain factory was the property of the Royal family, and the sustainability and profitability did not matter.
All other tasks were put before this unique enterprise Catherine the Great. In modern language, she demanded to rebrand and fully reorganize the production. The purpose of these measures – “udovolstviye the whole of Russia». The sales problem was, the fame of high quality Russian porcelina spread not only within the Empire, but also far beyond its borders. For profit merely had to support it, and the price of buyers, among whom were aristocrats and monarchs, did not care.
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We have also benefited from a new chief model, the famous sculptor Rochet, a Frenchman, invited to the Imperial porcelain factory and approved classicism as a style.
All Russian autocrats century and a half of owning this unique enterprise, closely followed its activities. Only under Alexander II had some decline in production. The Imperial porcelain factory even wanted to close, but this was prevented by the following Tsar, Alexander III, who decided to make it a model for all producers in the private sector.
Its heyday, the company has experienced in the last years of the Russian Empire. St. Petersburg Imperial porcelain factory was equipped with the most advanced technological equipment that allowed by 1918, despite the devastation and civil war, production resumed under the tutelage of the people's Commissariat for education.
Modern man may seem naive and absurd the idea of using porcelain for propaganda purposes, however, this paradoxical approach gave impetus to the development of completely new direction of art, hitherto unknown in the world. The combination of perfect forms, inherited as "linen" inherited from the tsarist factory, with futurist and Suprematist painting, Soviet heraldic symbols of proletarian slogans created in a style that is revolutionary and unique.
However, lasted this long direction. In 30 years had triumphed different style, the pompous official, caustically labeled “Stalinist vampire”.
To Change the style, but top quality remains unchanged, the products of Lomonosov porcelain factory (name of the company in the last Soviet years) steady demand.
Today OJSC “the Imperial porcelain factory” continues to occupy a leading position in the industry. Dishes produced at this company are not only sold domestically and abroad, but comes to the Kremlin and other government agencies.
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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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