Open-hearth furnace and its importance in the production of steel

The Main melting unit in steel production open-hearth furnace is. It is designed for smelting of steel with specified chemical composition and specific physical and mechanical characteristics. Open-hearth furnace, which has survived several industrial and technological revolutions, allows you to melt the most complicated steel grades, including alloy.

The Melting furnace of the open hearth type, is a heartfelt reflective unit of the regenerative principle, consisting of the following structural elements:

• Workspace, which includes the rear and front walls and the arch.
• Head with vertical channels through which the fuel and air mixture in the working chamber and the withdrawal from it of the combustion products.
• Gas and air sekovici intended for collection and accumulation of large fractions of the melting dust.
• The Regenerators to provide a constant temperature mode of heating by gas fuel and air mixture heat residual combustion products that come out of the working chamber.
• System rocker reverse-regulating valves designed to change the flow direction of fuel gas and air mixture in the working space, and take from it the products of combustion.
• HRSG.
• Chimney.

Open-Hearth furnace is a symmetric unit, which implies the same design on her left and right about a vertical axis. Loading of raw material is made through special openings – charging window, closed by valves, which represent thick steel plate. On the back wall of the unit is the outlet through which the finished steel is poured into ladle. During melting the exhaust hole is sealed caking of refractory clay, which stands out in the finished melt.

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Open-Hearth furnace allows to produce almost all kinds of carbon steels and many alloy steels of the brand. But the use of different charge materials required for the open-hearth process, molten metal fills a significant amount of harmful impurities. Even a tiny proportion of additives such as sulfur, phosphorus, arsenic and some other elements, contribute to a sharp deterioration of the physico-chemical properties of steel, lower plastic quality metal, impart excessive brittleness.

For smelting high-quality steel grades designed electric arc furnace. The whole history of engineering comes down to the struggle for the qualitative characteristics of metals to improve their mechanical, physical and chemical properties. And the secret of the high quality of the metal is in its chemical purity. Electro helps to obtain chemically pure, and therefore high-quality metals and alloys. The bulk of alloyed high-quality steel is smelted in electric arc furnaces.