Agriculture of Australia

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2018-03-19 07:06:19

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Features of Australian farming is that it uses a huge number of tracts of land per employed, and there is an opportunity for vnestilevoe year-round cattle grazing. In its development, there was no feudal remnants, were present advanced agricultural technology and relatively stable and a fairly large English market. Agriculture in Australia is in the group of world leaders in productivity, but the yield of agricultural products per unit area is relatively small, since the land here is used extensively.

This feature shows how different agriculture Australia's agriculture, Japan and European countries. However, this feature also indicates how huge is the potential of the fifth continent. Even the most conservative estimates show that only a simple increase in cultivated land due to the land not yet involved in agricultural production, gives the opportunity to provide food for 60 million people. And all this without detriment to the environment.

Agriculture Australia exports 60% of all products, including 97% wool, 80% sugar, 75% of grain, 30-40% of beef and lamb. Before the bulk of production was exported to the UK, but in recent years the main exporters becomes the Japan and other countries in East and South-East Asia. Development strategy of agriculture in Australia continues to be that its leading sector is sheep breeding. The number of herds of sheep in the country ranked first in the world and reached in some years to 180 million head. It then declined because of falling world market demand for wool for many years is about 130 million heads.

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Sheep are very fastidious animals, they are not suitable nor a temperate climate with high humidity or tropical heat. The main part of the sheep (about 45%) grazing in areas located to the West of the zone, where intensive sheep breeding. In these areas falls in the year 350 to 500 mm of precipitation. Here on the farms, but sheep also grow wheat and breed cattle. Influence of climate on agriculture in Australia has resulted in areas of intensive sheep breeding is usually highly specialized, they are a small farm fattening type. This region, stretching as a narrow band along the Western slopes of the East Australian mountains as well as in the Eastern part of the island of Tasmania and the extreme South-Western part of the continent. These region represent approximately one third of the flock.

Among crop agriculture of Australia represented by grain farming. The main grain crop is wheat. She is 35-40% of the crop and 18-19% of the total agricultural production. The average yield of wheat is small and is only 13-14 quintals per hectare. Moreover, the yield is quite strongly influenced by the climate. However, Australia many years is the leader on the world export of wheat, second in volume only to the United States and Canada.  Sometimes in the fight for third place on the world grain market, it is ahead of France. The largest importers of grain are Japan and China.

In addition to wheat, an important crop for exports are barley, oats and sorghum. And barley in Australia are grown in the same area, and wheat. Here we use the scheme of crop rotation: wheat-barley-par. Maize in Australia, unlike European countries and the United States are grown a little as for her local soil and climatic conditions are not suitable.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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