Tabasaran carpet: photo

As you know, in India, making tea, cars – in Germany, and a gorgeous tufted woolen carpets handmade striking beauty of color combinations and patterns – in Tabasaran. In Dagestan, the carpet weaving is the most common, in addition, one of the most ancient types of applied art. In this article we will learn what constitutes Tabasaran carpets, a photo of which is shown below.

History appearance

About the Dagestan carpets the first mention can be seen in the works of Herodotus “Fathers of history”. The basis of the Dagestan based on the classic carpet making traditions of the craftsmen of the East. For many centuries, Europeans have sent a trading expedition to China and Persia, so as to bring out the silk and carpets. Every self-respecting monarch or aristocrat had a scattering of surprisingly beautiful Oriental rugs. Incidentally, the oldest carpet come down to the present day, were found in 1949 during excavations, and now included in the gold collection of the famous Hermitage.

Purpose

Strange to think that the original carpets were invented just as a luxury item. Even the most expensive carpet Tabasaran initially had a narrow functional one.

In ancient times in the East, mostly lived nomads. And for the nomad, the most important thing? First – excellent mobility, the second – a speedy arrangement of the dwelling, the third – protection from adverse climatic factors, in other words, to make it warm and dry. To the full carpets meet all these requirements, necessary for normal functioning of the nomads. Of course, those carpets differ greatly from those we see today. But thus was the beginning of the weaving.

Only then people realized that the carpet can be not just protection from the wind, he is also a great way to stand out among relatives. Thus, began to weave exquisite and beautiful carpets. This led on to the fact that the beauty, quality and quantity of the carpets began to determine the level of human welfare. Each ruler of the East tried to surround ourselves with exquisite and expensive products, thus stressing his superiority.

Quality

By the way, you know, as in Dagestan in ancient times it was checked every Tabasaran carpet quality? Quality control used to take place in 3 phases. First: in woven carpet passed a herd of horses. Second: subsequently, the product was kept for several days under the scorching sun. Third: the carpets were put into cold water, which was left for some time. If after such “test” carpet products their properties lost, were of the opinion that the master did a good job. Here are technology!

Tabasaran VS Persian carpets

Is it Possible to compare generally the Tabasaran rug from Iran (Persian)? It is possible and necessary to do so. Although we should not belittle the fame, the talent and the quality of the work of Iranian craftsmen, the facts remain facts. The Persian carpet average "life expectancy" of up to 150 years, while the Dagestani carpets “live” to 400 years. Of course, if they “exploit” for its intended purpose. All the above figures can be attributed only to carpets made by hand.

Varieties

In the South of Dagestan to the rapid development of carpet-making was facilitated by 3 factors: the proximity of Iran (Persia); that about this place was the silk road; the active dissemination of Islam. For several centuries in the Caucasus trade center was considered the city of Derbent, which served as an Outpost between East and West. The city entered in the route of the silk road. Of course, it gave impetus to the active development of various Handicrafts, particularly carpet-making. In addition, many merchants understand that in Turkey it is possible to find the wool threads of different colors and flowers (local artisans received natural dyes from herbs and shrubs).

You can Also explain the influence of the spread in the North Caucasus of Islam. Persian artisans and merchants rather their secrets shared, and the goods frequently bought from the Muslim population. In addition, to the present time it is customary to pray (pray) on the floor mats, dubbed “namazlyk”.

It's had an impact on the active development of Handicrafts from residents of the North Caucasus. Although it would be strange to say that only the Tabasarans are carpet-making traditions. Note that it is considered their national handicraft. Thus all the peoples of Dagestan were engaged in carpet weaving. So,Lezgins in the villages of the Kurakh, Akhty, Kasumkent wove with great success carpets. The Avars from the village of Tsada of Khunzakh, Gergebil produce high-pile carpets. The Dargin villages of Lavasa produced woolen carpets. Living in the village of Kayakent, Dorgali, Buglen Kumyks made wool patterned carpets and felt carpets. I can list almost every people who have invested huge efforts in the development of this craft.

Shaggy rugs

It is Possible to talk for very long about the different types of pile carpets, only a little sense. Let's talk about their features. So, NAP Tabasaran rug in traditional design you can find various geometric images that represent animals, plants and humans. Consequently, before mistresses with these geometric images showed the world around them. Scientists this phenomenon is called “language carpet art”. Incidentally, such products very often portrayed the whole ceremonies, battles and scenes. Over time, this language was lost, and the pictures began to wear just decorative in nature.

It is Worth noting that all these rugs have a common compositional structure: the border and the Central field.

Ornament

Interesting patterns Tabasaran carpets, of which there are three main types:

1. Background & ndash; without a specific pattern of large figures, small figures fill in the General background.
2. Centric — an ornament in them is reduced to the isolation of the main figures of the carpet, which is called “the locket”.
3. Kimby – the pattern is made in such a way as to attract attention on “curb” products. This type of ornament is also called “kimowin”.

Considering the Tabasaran carpet, not to mention the color, which was then used by the craftsmen. Background virtually all the pile of products was considered a cherry-red or blue that should the idea is to tense glance. But color harmony is achieved through the use of medium and small parts of various colors.

Napless carpets

This group includes incredibly beautiful Lezgi and Azerbaijani poison oak this bad. Their main feature – great home use. They are mainly used for floor covering (tufted carpet, for example, used for walls). They are much more simple carpets. In addition, they are much softer, because their production uses a special weaving technique that allows under the carpet to leave a yarn length up to 15 cm (this is so soft and makes).

Lint-free Tabasaran carpets (see photo in article) – is also “dawayne”. Their defining features is that they are 2-sided and also have a dark blue or blue background, on which the ornament (the‘RUSAL”). These rugs can often be found from the Avars. The main pattern consists of various “medallions” and the shoots from these “medallions” branch.

It is Also worth to tell about this kind of lint-free Dagestan carpets, as the carpets. They were made of cotton, wool and hemp. Carpets are beautiful and complex ornaments, pictures Tabasaran carpets are nice, but they are incredibly practical and often they are used in everyday life. Every nation calls the carpets on their own way: the Azerbaijanis that ‘Palaz”, “barkhal” the Tabasarans, “movement” the Lezgins, “torot” from the Avars, etc.

Wool rugs

It is Worth noting, such carpets are very common in the Northern Dagestani peoples – Nogai, Avars, Kumyks, Dargin. The most common felt carpets – Arbanasi. They are made from felt of different colors. They are on each other overlap, and this creates a pattern.