Kinesiological exercises for preschoolers. Kinesiological exercises for children

The formation and development of the nervous system and brain begins long before the birth of the baby and does not end immediately after graduation. The active phase of development occurs in the first years of life, when the child learns the world, he has a speech and improves the synchronous work of the two hemispheres of the brain. All parents would like to see their baby attentive, with a good memory, logic, intelligence. There is a separate science that is dedicated to the development and improvement of mental processes - this is kinesiology.

What does kinesiology do?

We all know that any actions of the hands or feet first pass through the brain by impulses. This is confirmed by the well-known Pavlov reflex arc. It is this connection between the brain and actions that the creators of the science of kinesiology took as a basis. They claim that both hemispheres of the brain can develop effectively through special actions-kinesiological exercises. After their long-term implementation, the result will please any parent, both a preschooler and a child attending school. Their main benefit is that the corpus callosum of the child's brain develops, increases stress resistance, reduces fatigue, and improves the work of mental processes.

Classification of exercises of this science

Kinesiological exercises for preschoolers are simple, children can easily perform them. What are the types of educational activities, what are they aimed at?

1. At the beginning of the lesson, you need to set the child up for work, so stretch marks are used. They consist in the fact that children perform tasks for maximum tension and relaxation of the muscles.
2. When the child is in good shape and tries to perform all the actions that he will be told, respiratory kinesiological exercises are used. They promote the development of self-control in children, as well as the appearance of a sense of rhythm.
3. Work to improve brain function continues with the performance of oculomotor actions. They help to remove muscle clamps in children, and also contribute to a better interaction of the two hemispheres.
4. After active development, you should relax, for this purpose, exercises are used that lead to relaxation. The tension of the muscles is removed, and the child relaxes.

The benefits of orderly breathing for the brain of children

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Breathing is important not only from the point of view of physiology. In addition to providing oxygen to every cell of the child's body, it also helps to develop arbitrariness of actions and self-control in the child. Respiratory kinesiological exercises for schoolchildren are not difficult, but very useful.

"Blow out the candle"

The child imagines that there are 5 candles in front of him. He needs to blow out one candle first with a large jet of air, then distribute the same volume of air into 5 equal parts to blow out everything.

"Head shake"

Starting position: sitting or standing, straighten your shoulders, lower your head forward and close your eyes. Then the child begins to shake his head in different directions and breathe as deeply as he can.

"Nose breathing"

The exercise consists in the fact that children breathe only through one nostril. At the same time, it is important to properly position the fingers: the right nostril is closed with the right thumb, the left - with the little finger of the left hand. The other fingers are always pointing up. It is important to breathe deeply and slowly.

"Swimmer"

Children standing up take a deep breath, cover their nose with their fingers and squat. In this position, they mentally count to 5, then stand up and release the air. The exercise resembles the actions of a diving swimmer.

Movement of the eyes and body parts in kinesiology

The child with the help of this set of exercises can expand the field of vision, improve the process of thinking, remembering and speech development. Kinesiological exercises for children generally contribute to the activation of learning, not the least of which is the synchronized movements of the eyes and tongue.

"Eyes and tongue"

Children take a deep breath, raising their eyes up, at this time the tongue also rises. Then exhale, returning to the starting position. The same thing is done with the tongue and eyes in all directions, including diagonals, while inhaling.

This exercise can first be facilitated by applying only eye movements, then adding breathing.

"Eight"

You need to take a pen or pencil in your right hand and draw a horizontal eight on a piece of paper. Do the same with your left hand. After that, try to draw the drawing with both hands at once.

"Walking"

Against the background of rhythmic music, perform the following actions: step on the spot with the accompaniment of each step with a wave of your hand. For example, when the left foot makes a step, the left hand also swings, with the right in the same way.

"Hand work"

Not all kinesiological exercises for preschoolers are easy. Some tasks children can not perform, so working with the hands comes to the aid of educators, speech therapists and psychologists. In addition, such actions develop fine motor skills of the hands, which means that more nerve connections are formed between different parts of the brain.

The exercise is that the child should put his fist on the table, then put his palm on the edge, then put his palm on the surface. The task is worked out by hands alternately, then simultaneously.

"Frog"

The palms on the table perform movements: the right one lies (palm down), the left one is clenched into a fist, then vice versa. With each change in the position of the hands, the tongue moves to the right, to the left.

Tone and relaxation

In order for children to tune in to work and then rest after it, both emotionally and physically, there are special exercises.

Normalization of tone: "Apples in the garden"

The child imagines that he is in the garden and is trying to pick a beautiful apple. To do this, he stretches out his arms as much as possible when he "tears" an apple, takes a sharp breath and, bending down to the floor, puts the apple in the basket. Use your hands one at a time, then together.

Kinesiological exercises for relaxation: "Fists"

Bend the thumbs inside the palm, clench the fist. When the child takes a breath, the fists should be gradually compressed to the maximum. When exhaling, gradually unclench the palm (up to 10 times).

"Ice and Fire"

The leader commands: "Fire!", children actively perform various movements. During the command " Ice!", the child freezes, strongly straining all his muscles. Repeat up to 8 times.

The benefits of kinesiological exercises

The benefits that these exercises bring are enormous. The child not only becomes quick-witted, active, energetic and self-controlled, but also improves his speech and finger coordination. Kinesiological exercises are widely used in speech therapy, psychology, defectology, neuropsychology, pediatrics, and pedagogy. Such tasks not only develop nervous connections, but also amuse children, giving them pleasure.