Specialization of production

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2018-03-24 23:14:08

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Specialization of production, the social division of labor, expressed in the separation of the old branches of production, of workers within the industry and creating new industries. Its deepening is manifested by deepening of the social character of any production. It is believed that the specialization of production – it is essentially a virtually endless process, as well as scientific and technical progress. It is this progress and increase in scale of production are most important factors for deepening. This process is typical for all sectors of manufacturing and nonproductive sphere. When you increase the number of separate, independent sectors, is a division of industries of different products, and a reduction in the range of similar products in the course of increasing the scale of production in those enterprises that form together a specific industry.

Specialization of production in any industry is complemented by the specialization of its enterprises in the production of technologically and structurally similar products. The most important sign of this is the kind of commodity products. Generalizing indicator of the specialization of the industry - growth in the number of separate, independent sectors, most of which consists of different subsectors and industrial production. The increase in these particular industries is not only in the course of separation of the heterogeneous production of finished products, but also in the process of individual parts and components of finished products, some operations in the process of production.

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Specialization of production, depending on what group productions ring-fenced in a separate branch, is divided into the following types:

1. Subject (engineering and car factories, sewing and Shoe factories).

2. Exploded (plants automotive pistons, bearings, construction details, fasteners, hardware).

3. Stage or process (forging, foundries, Assembly plants).

The Most widely specialization of the first type – subject. In engineering, the most strongly developed part of specialization. The transformation of plants with subject specialization in the company, which has an Assembly type of production involves the creation of a developed network of companies with technological specialization and exploded.

The Agricultural specialization of production takes into account the social, economic, and demographic factors, as well as the specifics of the production (the biological properties of animals and plants, the natural environment, features of cultivation, labour and material resources, vehicles). That is why a large number of farms are mixed enterprises that have multiple branches with different economic value. Here are the main commodity industries, which are given priority development, and further, which have a small share of commodity products. In agricultural production there is also a utility and operating and production industry.

The Material basis of production specialization is the separation of tools. Its development is carried out in cooperation with the forming technology, the increased scale of production, increased product range, parts commonality, standardization of products, the professional division of labor.

The international specialization of production - the basis of geographical division of social labor. It appeared at the time when the first producing commercial products of the farms and the beginning of commodity exchange. Currently, it is being implemented with assistance of foreign trade of the States.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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