The Petroleum industry is one of the most serious and important activities. State of emergency in this area, in fact, should be addressed only in theory. Against this background, as ordinary workers and managers, and studying for employment in the industry related to the drilling of wells, it is important to know the transcript of TMG, as well as signs, causes, ways of elimination of this phenomenon. Let's start with the overall characteristics.
The combination of letters means TMG gas, oil and vodoprivrede. It is simultaneously the ingress of gas and oil as the fluid inside of the well through the column and annular external area.
Knowing the transcript of TMG, we have a pretty serious problem that may occur during drilling. It requires immediate elimination. Most often gazonefteprovodnyh detected when high formation pressure due to over-deepening of the bottom, and also due to the wrong actions of the drillers or repairmen.
Tolerance TMG (transcript of gazonefteprovodnyh) the production is very undesirable. Here are the main causes of this problem:
Signs detection gazonefteprovodnyh divided into two categories:
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Consider the categories in more detail.
Let's start with the direct characteristics TMG:
Therefore, indirect signs TMG:
Indirect signs paying attention only when there is direct, because they only talk about the possible reasons TMG among other problems. The manifestation of their (indirect evidence) monitoring wells increases. It is necessary to identify already direct characteristics TMG.
And now late signs of the problem:
Immediately after identifying the problem, staff will now proceed to its elimination. These are two ways:
First watch seals the mouth, the channel and the wellbore, necessarily informscase guide. As soon as the signs of gazonefteprovodnyh installed, proceeds to business spetsbrigada - workers, who have completed vocational training with relevant expertise.
Elimination is carried out using special equipment under high pressure down the pipe. To stop the processes of TMG in the barrel create optimum level equalizing pressure. It can be and still plastome, and exceed it.
During the descent of the equipment in the conditions of a TMG can be a blowout. Then the team proceeds to the jamming, based on the emergency procedures. Attracted additional representatives of the organization for the supervision.
At TMG bore overlaps barite plug. It creates an impervious screen in the layers and allows you to set top cement bridge. If gazonefteprovodov open at the two pumps, it provides their work or from one container or two, but with shut-off devices in between.
As soon As the real reason TMG is installed, you must select one the most effective it solution. All four of them.
Killing the well in two stages. The most important thing here: clear division of stages of work on the oil washing fluid the same solution, which was at the time of detection of the reasons TMG, and simultaneous to this, the preparation of a new solution having the desired density for jamming. The first stage plug wells. The second replacement fluid.
Speed jamming. Effectively, when the pressure in the column before the throttle is increased relative to the value of the maximum allowable for it (column) or fracturing level of the Shoe. First the throttle is opened to reduce the pressure in the column.
Because Of this depth will experience a new flow of water and gas. Since the peak of the resulting pressure transient, the next time you open the throttle while washing at the well. Action is repeated until the complete disappearance of signs TMG, normalization of peak performance pressure.
Waiting weight. Once detected gazonefteprovodov, the staff stops the oil, closes the bore. After that, preparing the solution of desired density. Necessarily supported in the well bore pressure, which is similar to the reservoir, to the suspension of TMG and further ascent of oil fluids to the surface.
2-stage stretched jamming. After identifying TMG fluid is washed with the same solution. Then it (the solution) density change to the required. Method is mainly used in the absence of suitable vessels for making the required volume of the working fluid. The method got its name from the fact that the process of leaching fluids at this slightly more extended in time than in conventional two-stage damping.
According to the Rules of safety in the oil and gas industry (paragraph 97) we can establish that every two years there takes place check of knowledge on the topic of "well Control. Work management at (the reader of the known transcript) TMG". A certificate is given for three years.
This applies to workers who carry out direct work, and manage processes for:
The sooner discovered TMG, the better the chances of preventing complications problems significant outages in oil production, which leads to major losses for financial plan. To prevent the development of gazonefteprovodnyh, it is necessary to pay due attention to the external sensors of volume, density and pressure of the working fluid.
Article in other languages:
AR: https://tostpost.com/ar/business/18403-tmg-transcript-direct-and-indirect-signs-of.html
BE: https://tostpost.com/be/b-znes/29773-gnvp-rasshyfro-ka-pramyya-skosnyya-prykmety.html
DE: https://tostpost.com/de/business/29796-gnvp-abschrift-direkte-und-indirekte-zeichen.html
HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/business/16703-tmg.html
JA: https://tostpost.com/ja/business/18707-tmg-transcript-direct-and-indirect-signs-of.html
KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/biznes/29732-gmsk-toly-t-k-zh-ne-zhanama-belg-ler.html
PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/biznes/29617-gnvp-definicje-bezpo-rednie-i-po-rednie-oznaki.html
PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/neg-cios/29645-gnvp-decodifica-o-diretos-e-indiretos-sinais.html
TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/business/33303-gnvp-de-ifre-do-rudan-ve-dolayl-i-aretler.html
UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/b-znes/29709-gnvp-rozshifrovka-pryam-nepryam-oznaki.html
Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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