Agriculture of Krasnodar Krai: the structure

At present, the Russian government is the issue of accelerated import substitution, the solution of which is impossible without agriculture. It is the development of the agricultural sector helps to provide the proper level of food security of the country. This applies to both the entire Russian Federation and its regions, including Krasnodar region. The place is ideal for this industry.

Krasnodar Krai agro-industrial region

Russia has a well developed industry. Agriculture of the Krasnodar region includes about 7 thousand enterprises having different form of ownership. More than six hundred of them are large or medium-sized organizations. Employment in the agricultural sector amounts to about 400 thousand people.
the Greatest distribution in the Kuban received:

• Production of grain;
• Production of technical crops;
• Viticulture;
• Sugar;
• Dairy industry.

Such a wide diversity of agro-industries due to the unique climate that creates in this area favorable natural conditions. Here lies the border of moderate and subtropical climatic zones.

One of the leading regions of Russia on development of the agroindustrial complex is considered the Krasnodar Krai. The total area of the Kuban region is more than 7.5 million hectares, of which agriculture employs of 4.75 million hectares. regulation and control of the development of the industry by the Ministry of agriculture of the Krasnodar region. The most important conditions for ensuring the progressive development of agriculture are: the most effective exploitation of fertile land, the development of crop and livestock production, improvement and modernization of processing industry.

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The Structure of agriculture

Modern agro-industrial complex of the Kuban is characterized by a predominance of crop production over livestock. They account for 67,33 and 32,67%, respectively. In crop production main subject is the cultivation of crops. Among the technical types dominated by sugar beet and sunflower. The priority is to feed crops. For example, green feed, silage, corn, etc., Sowing of potato, vegetable and melon crops is negligible.

The Agriculture of the Krasnodar region is developing slowly. Restored viticulture, horticulture, vegetable growing. Gradually increase the area of cultivation in some subtropical crops.

The Animal, in turn, represented by the following industries: animal husbandry, poultry farming, pig breeding, sheep breeding. The proportion of horse breeding, beekeeping, fur farming, fish farming, rabbit breeding and strausovodstva significantly lower.

Grain production in Krasnodar Krai

In the cultivation of crops the largest share is given to winter wheat. Agriculture Krasnodar region is constructed in such a way that it is grown in all districts. Preferred wheat varieties that are resistant to drought and diseases and have high productivity. For example, Bezostaya-1 and Krasnodar-46. The Kuban produces 10% of the gross amount of wheat across the country. Spring wheat in the cropping pattern is 1-2%.

Second place – winter barley. He is gerovassiliou, but less resistant to low temperatures. Approximately 5-10% of the acreage reserved for corn. It is demanding to the composition of the soil and needs plenty of fertilizer.

In the Kuban region produces its own variety of rice bred in this area, – Dubovskii 129, respectively. To increase yield requires the use of special agricultural machinery and artificial mode of irrigation. Area for planting rice amount to 3% of the total land area for growing crops.

Viticulture

This industry has a significant impact on agriculture in Krasnodar Krai. Different varieties of grapes grown throughout the region, as each requires a different type of climate. The most suitable conditions developed in the black sea area. In the Kuban there are about 50 varieties of grapes.

Horticulture

For the industry in the Krasnodar region has developed suitable climatic conditions. Among vegetables, you can highlight the tomatoes, cabbage, cucumbers, potatoes, etc. mostly on their cultivation spetsializiruyutsya South, West and center of Krasnodar Krai.

For potatoes the most favorable mountainous area, although in comparison with the Central regions of Russia the yield in this area is small.

Gardening

The Most suitable conditions for orchards developed on the Black sea coast and on the West and South of the Azov-Kuban lowland. It is mostly grown apples, plums, pears, peaches, cherries, cherries, apricots, etc.

Melon

Mostly, the industry predominant in Western areas. This is due to the fact that melonsrequire a large amount of heat and sun. Most resistant to cold pumpkin.

Farming

The basis for a successful livestock development is the abundance of natural forage lands. Agriculture of the Krasnodar region provides grazing in the northeast foothills. The Alpine pastures here are extremely rare. The main proportion of the feed grown in the fields.

Here is dominated by the breeding of cattle milk and meat direction. Swine breeding is developed mainly in the Central and Northern parts of the Kuban. Basically bred pigs of large white breed. In poultry production is dominated by chickens.

Program is the effective development of the agroindustrial complex of Krasnodar region

The Department of agriculture of Krasnodar territory has developed a program for the development of the industry. It provides for the setting before APK the following main tasks:

• Improving the quality of agricultural products and food industry;
• Capacity building;
• Recovery of abandoned lands;
• Improvement of the sector by maintaining the fertility of the soil;
• Assessment of investment needs, identifying sources of funds.

Control over the execution of the program is exercised by the Minister of agriculture of Krasnodar region.

Thus, one of the leading regions, which provides food security of the state, is the Krasnodar territory. The development of agriculture plays a leading role in the economy of the region. Most widespread crop, especially grain production. The share of other sectors in the structure of agro-industrial complex are much smaller. Currently, there is a positive tendency to growth of agricultural production. Primarily this is due to the improvement of pricing policy and credit mechanism, and the increase allocated to development of complex budget allocations. In the long-term competitiveness of the agricultural sector of Krasnodar region will grow both on domestic and international markets.