In the everyday life of Russian porcelain was introduced by the Royal hand of Peter I. During his rule the dishes were imported from Europe, available this pleasure was only to wealthy people. A little later, porcelain sets was presented as a valuable gift. After Chinese porcelain, the most valuable was a European brand (Sevres, Lisensi) for their purchase were spent huge funds, which was totally unjustified. In 1744 Empress Elizabeth ordered to build “portselinovaya manufactory” near Petersburg, thus began the era of Russian porcelain. Dmitrovskaya porcelain factory went down in history as the first private factory.
For a Long time the production of porcelain was only in a state administered, but there are always privateers willing if not to compete then to make the company a state enterprise. In 1766, Englishman Francis Y. Gardner, on the basis of the existing factory Urusova opened his own factory. The most important task for the entrepreneur was the desire to compete with European specimens of porcelain, and to displace them from the market, replacing domestic with quality products. Speaking in contemporary rhetoric, he decided «import» European goods and the attempt was successful.
For business organization first of all required raw materials, and Gardner, toured almost the entire country, found a Deposit of clay in the Chernihiv region (little Russia). To avoid promashek and not to reinvent the wheel, he was attracted to the business specialist – Franz Guttenberg (Professor, University of Geneva). And it went so well that from 1777 to 1783, the factory had released four of the order of service for Empress Catherine II and was given to her. To be a good experience, the owner of the factory visited the highest audience in the Royal Palace, and then got right to put the stamp with the image of the Moscow coat of arms, which was akin to a quality mark.
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Franz Gardner, along with piece goods, launched the mass production of porcelain tableware. The first workers were discharged from the Europe specialists and technologist were the famous Meissen. Russian porcelain is not much different from the European in its quality and artistic execution, but the price was much more affordable.
In Russia, highly appreciated the products of the factory and gladly bought all of whom can't afford was the European manufacturers. In 1771 the factory employs about seventy workers, after 10 years their number has doubled. All the jobs were occupied by Russian specialists, only the Manager and the artist was discharged from abroad.
Franz Gardner was able to find my own style in the production of porcelain, a number of specimens of castings in the hundreds. In addition to the dishes, there was poured and painted porcelain unique interior sculptures, the authors were well-known artists.
After the death of the founder, the Dmitrov porcelain factory was considered the best of all the private factories of Russia. It has passed into the hands of heirs: a short time before his death, the company was engaged in the eldest son of the founder, and then his wife. In her hands, the factory has lost almost all its positions, but after it took her children, a production revived. Mastered the production technology of faience. In 1829, the production won the gold in the First industrial exhibition. In 1855, the manufacture has got the right to put on the product state the mark of the eagle.
Throughout the 19th century, the Dmitrov porcelain factory confirmed quality products at exhibitions, since 1856, becoming one of the suppliers to the Imperial court. At the end of the century, the heirs to sell the company, Matvey Kuznetsov. He acquired not only production capacity but also the entire huge collection of shapes, models and classic garderobshik drawings.
Dmitrov porcelain factory (Verbilki) got magnate Kuznetsov with a somewhat faded glory, but with a solid turnover. At the time of purchase, the plant produces products in 208 thousand rubles a year, and the number of workers totaled more than 700 souls. Kuznetsov used all the inherited wealth and the sesquicentennial history of the company, for a full revival of its glory.
The Business expanded, the customer base was fully saved, thanks to the wise decision to use the mark of the Dmitrov plant on all products. The new owner did not want to update the range of products that was not true. The number of items of goods totaled more than 4 million units of the popular dishes and figurines. The anniversary date of the plant celebrated the production of exclusive collections. Thus was depicted the 100th anniversary of the battle of Borodino, 300 years of Romanov reign.
After the nationalization, the brand was officially called the Dmitrov porcelain factory. In the post-revolutionary period production decreased significantly, and the one that was released was modestly decorated with decals(decal) or was the agitation of the product.
The Great fame, in 1930,have received service of the Dmitrovsky porcelain factory «the little humpbacked Horse”, and other works created by the brush of a talented sculptor S. M. Orlov during the great Patriotic war the output of China declined significantly, but the period was marked by bright works. Was created set the ‘Battle for Fatherland" (by A. Chechulin), released a set of images of great generals "Suvorov", «Alexander Nevsky”, “bat”, the sets with the image of the Soviet leadership awards (ed. Demora, Etc).
In 1991, Dimitrov porcelain factory became a joint stock company, official name: CJSC “Porcelain Verbilki”. Since 1995 there is a subsidiary TO “Fields of Verbilki”. The new facility administration and staff are busy reviving the traditions laid by the founders of the plant.
In 1996, the company received prizes at international exhibitions in Birmingham and also in Mexico. Since 2007, the plant supplies products to the Kremlin in the framework of membership in the Guild vendors. Currently, the company is called “Gardner Manufactory”, but many more familiar old name of the Dmitrov porcelain factory. Products are available in several collectible product lines.
A Collection of “Frantz, Gardner,” revives the traditional 19th-20th centuries the porcelain forms. Masters of the company make personalized labels for gift items (teacups, tea sets, figurines). Also available in family sets, in which artists write family coat of arms, monogram or selected image. The company produces sets for different purposes, tea and coffee couples, my, vases, sets for children.
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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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