Cattle

Before you buy the cow, try to calculate not only the potential cost and possible profit, but also their capabilities. A good "milk" the cow gives substantial profits, but care is required to exert a lot of force: cleaning, milking, cleaning, harvesting forage (one cow will need hay and 20 C, concentrates, succulents), the construction of the insulated barn (in per 20 square metres for one cow).

If you become cattle? If not afraid of difficulties, decide the breed. What breed of cattle is preferable? Of course, from the existing 250 species difficult to choose. It is important personal preference. But consider the main indicators of a healthy dairy animal: thin and elastic skin, straight back, light head, strong limbs, wide apart rear legs. Extremely important form of the udder. It should be a bulky, Cup-shaped. Do not take a cow with "goat's" (saggy) Tits, — large yield here do not wait.

Especially popular cattle black-and-white color, occurring throughout the country. You should pay attention to it for the reason of such high incidence. High adaptability to the vagaries of the weather, and high yield, and a "decent" weight (500 kg). Identical in productivity of the steppe red cow (more common in the South). From the vintage dairy breeds well established Kholmogory and Yaroslavl.

But Swiss and cementarna rocks relating to meat and milk, yields of milk and give two times more (up to 12 000 l).

Cattle can be milked, usually up to 15 of lactation (at least — to 17). Peak for the fourth and fifth lactation, yields of milk and then slowly subsided.

Physical maturity is reached by seven months, but the case of heifers it is impossible. First mating is recommended in the half. Pregnancy lasts for up to 295 days. Is born one calf (or heifer), rarely — two.

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Special attention cattle require in the winter. By the beginning of winter is usually springing cow, but it still can be milked (milking is terminated two months before the expected date of delivery). Ensure cow cleanliness and dryness in the barn. Important good ventilation and lighting. Some breeders prefer to open for ventilation the door. In the winter this is undesirable. First, this "airing" will not last long, second — will all the accumulated heat. So make sure after all about ventilation. But note: it will be effective only when insulated the walls. If the walls are left "as is" (not to warm), the humidity in the barn will be provided (along with disease). The most simple ventilation — from the pipes, plank, divided by the entire duration of two crosswise partitions. The width of the pipe — 50 cm In the first two openings comes the fresh air, the other two — polluted.

Another Less preferred method of ventilation — opening in the window frame (on the side of the stall and behind). At this location, cold air will not cool the animal.

Located on the South side of the window will be an additional source of not only light, but heat. By the way, the door position is also from the South.

Do Not install the trough on the floor. Better to hang them two feet off the ground (or build under the feeder rack). Feeder volume must accommodate a minimum of single serving. Design should not interfere with the cow (lying down and standing up it should be free).

To drink (and drink cow needs plenty and fresh water) put a separate drum. Water is completely renewed every day, because falling from the muzzle of the cow food debris, the water can become rotten, as a result, the cow will get food poisoning.

In Winter the optimum temperature in the barn — 6 to 11 °C.

If the room temperature is below zero, the water is carried several times a day in a separate bucket.

Cattle at the friendly endearment attached to his owner and even easily mastered the basic skills of "decent" behavior. But as useful fresh milk and products made from milk! But keep in mind that keeping cattle requires money and effort.