What is the gauge? Pressure gauge for measuring pressure

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2018-03-26 08:19:12

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Often when solving problems in physics have to deal with such appliances as manometers. But what is the gauge, how it works and what types are? About this talk today.

what gauge

What gauge?

This appliance is intended for measurement of overpressure. However, the pressure may be different, and therefore different gauges exist. For example, to measure atmospheric pressure vacuum gauges are used to determine the pressure difference differential pressure gauges are used. But in any case they only measure pressure.

It's Impossible to describe all applications of these devices, because a lot of them. They can be used in the automotive industry, agriculture, utilities and housing, in any mechanical transport, metallurgical industry, etc. depending on the purpose, there are different types of these meters, but their essence is always reduced to one - dimension pressure.

Also, these devices are divided into different groups based on measuring principle. Now, when more or less clear, what is the pressure gauge, you can move on to detail. In particular, describe the types and their applications.

Types of pressure gauges pressure

Depending on the intended use, the gauges can be of different types. For example, liquid pressure gauges are used for measuring the pressure of the liquid column. There are spring loaded devices capable of measuring applied force. Here pressure is measured by balancing the force of deformation of the spring.

pressure gauges

Less popular can be called piston gauges where the measured pressure is balanced by the force which acts on the piston of the device.

Also note that depending on the purpose and conditions of use are available the following devices:

  • Technical - General device.
  • A test designed to test the installed equipment.
  • Model - to check the devices and measurements, which requires higher precision.

Also, these devices can be separated according to sensitivity of the feature, the accuracy classes. For example, in the classes of accuracy of the pressure gauges are: 0.15, 0.25, 0.4, 0.6, 1, 1.5, 2.5, 4. The number determines the accuracy of the instrument, and it is below the instrument more accurate.

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Spring

These gauges are Intended for measurement of overpressure. Their measuring principle is based on the use of special springs, which deform under the action of pressure. The value of the strain sensing element (spring) is determined by a special reading device, which, in turn, has a graduated scale. On this scale, the user sees the value of the measured pressure.

pressure gauge showing

The Sensitive element of such gauges is often the so-called Bourdon tube sensitive single-turn spring. However, there are other elements: a flat corrugated diaphragm, helical tubular spring, bellows (harmonicabreak membrane). They are all equally effective, but the most simple and accessible, and because of this, the most common is the pressure gauge showing the pressure using the single-turn spring Bourdon. Such models are extensively used to measure pressure in the range of 0.6-1600 kgf/cm2.

Liquid pressure gauges

Unlike spring, in the liquid pressure pressure is measured by balancing the weight of the fluid column and the measure of pressure in this case is the level of liquid in communicating vessels. Such devices can measure pressure in the range 10-105 PA, and they are used mainly in laboratory conditions.

liquid pressure gauge

In fact, this device is a U-shaped tube with a liquid of high specific gravity compared to the liquid directly to measure hydrostatic pressure. Most often, this liquid is mercury.

In this category indirectly include technical and operational instrument type pressure gauge TM-510, the TV 510, which is the most popular category. They measure the pressure rekristallizatsiya and non-aggressive vapors and gases. Accuracy class of such pressure gauges: 1, 2.5, 1.5. Used on boilers in heating systems, when transporting liquids and industrial processes.

measuring gauge

Electric contact pressure gauges

Fall into this category including aquametry and compound. They are intended to measure the pressure of liquids and gases which are neutral with respect to steel and brass. The design of these devices is similar to spring, however, the difference lies only in large geometrical dimensions. Case electric contact pressure gauge is large because of the arrangement of the contact groups. Also, this device can affect the pressure in a controlled environment due to short circuit/disconnection of contacts.

Due to the special electric contact mechanism, which is used here, can be used in the alarm system. In fact, in this area it is also used.

gauge TM

Model

This type of instrument designed to test pressure gauges used for measurements in the laboratory. Their main purpose is the checking of working gauges readings. The distinctive feature of such devices - very high grade precision, which is achieved due to the design features, as well as toothed gearing in the transfer mechanism.

Special

This category of devices is used in different industries for measuring pressure of gases such as ammonia, hydrogen, oxygen, acetylene, etc. most Often, the measurement gauge may special only one type of gas. For each pressure gauge shall indicate the type of gas, measuring the pressure which it is intended. Also the gauge is painted in a specific color corresponding to the color of the strip to which the device is intended. The marking device also applies a certain letter. For example, ammonia pressure gauges are always painted in yellow, are indicated by the letter A and have a corrosion performance.

There are special vibration-resistant devices that operate in conditions of high pulsating pressure environment and strong vibrations. If in such circumstances to use an ordinary gauge, long it will last, because the transmission will quickly fail. The main criterion for vibration-proof pressure gauge is leak and corrosion resistant steel case.

1 gauge 2

Recording

The Main difference of these pressure gauges the name implies. These devices continuously record the measured pressure on the chart that later allows you to see a graph of pressure change in a certain time interval. Such devices are used in the energy industry to measure the receiving performance in non-corrosive environments.

Ship

These are intended to measure vacuum pressure gases, steam and liquids (oils, diesel fuel, water). Such devices have higher moisture-proof, resistance to climate impacts and vibrations. As the name suggests, it is possible to understand their scope of river and sea transport.

Railway

Unlike ordinary pressure gauges showing the pressure value of the railway devices not shown, and converts the pressure into a signal of another type (digital, pneumatic, etc.). This can be used a variety of methods.

Such pressure transducers are widely used in control systems of technological processes, automation, and despite its name, they are used in the industries of oil, chemical and atomic energy.

Conclusion

Pressure Measurement is required in many industries, and for each of them are special gauges with their own unique features. There is even a special reference pressure gauges that are intended for setup and mandatory testing of working devices. They are stored in Rostekhnadzor.

But in any industry and any type of these devices is designed to measure only the pressure. Now you know what gauge, what are the different types and understand about the principle of pressure measurement.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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