The Cell wall is a hard and thick shell that is located over the cytoplasmic membrane. This element is characteristic of cells of bacteria, fungi and plants. In addition to protecting cells, hard shell performs a number of other important functions.
Cell wall: General information
The Cell wall of each body has a number of features. For example, in bacteria it is composed mainly murein. By the way, the bacterial strains are divided into two types-gram positive and gram negative — thanks to the peculiarities of the hard shell. This determines their sensitivity to antibiotics.
If we talk about the cell walls of fungi, their main components are chitin and glucans. But the shell of algae can be composed of different polysaccharides — mostly glucose and its compounds. Incidentally, the composition of the cell wall of algae is very important taxon. It is worth remembering the group of Diatoms, which synthesize their own wall of silica.
The Cell wall of plants and its functions
The Principles of the structure of the rigid cell wall is most convenient to study on the example of plant cells. Although mechanical protection — is one of the most important functions of the cell wall, it has a much larger value:
Cell wall Structure
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In plant wall is divided into three main components: the frame, the matrix and encrusting substances.
The skeleton of the cell wall of plants consists of cellulose. Due to the formation of hydrogen bonds, cellulose molecules form strong microfibrils, which are immersed in basic substance, or matrix.
Matrix of cell membrane is approximately 60% of its total mass. It fills the space between microfibrillar, and creates strong linkages between macromolecules, provides elasticity and strength of this cell structure. The main components are a matrix of hemicellulose and pectin.
Incrusting substances are in most cases represented by lignin, which is approximately 30% of dry weight cell walls.
Quite often on the external surface of the cell wall deposited substances such as cutin, suberin and wax.
The Suberin deposited on the inner side of the cell membrane, providing the process of probkowania. Such cell becomes absolutely impervious to moisture, so its contents are quickly dies, and the free space is filled with air.
The Main function of the waxy substances and the cuticle is the protection of cells from infection, as well as reducing water evaporation.
We Can say that the cell wall is a very important element plant cells which ensures the normal development.
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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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