In Addition to the common words in the Russian language there are words that are used much less frequently. These include various jargon words and phrases, used in professional speech. Professionalism – this is the words that are used by people of a particular profession, or just related to a specific specialization. But, unlike terms, they are not accepted as formal concepts and does not apply to research activities.
It Is necessary to dwell on the fact that such excellences in the Russian language. Often such words are jargon. The informal nature of lexemes suggests that they are not used everywhere. Their use may be limited to a narrow circle of people belonging to one profession, qualification, working in the same organization. Often, the range of concepts becomes broader.
Almost people of any profession has its own set of excellences. This is due to the need to clearly define all the processes and phenomena in working life, many of whom often do not have definition. Such words are formed through associations with domestic concepts. Often for a person not privy to the intricacies of a particular profession, there may be confusion at the meeting with the words of the professional vocabulary. In real life, they may denote completely different objects. For Example, the word “farmers” in the legal speech outline witnesses to the crime, not the villagers.
Another feature of professionalism – emotional coloring and expression. A is used to indicate a negative working phenomena, errors in manufacturing. Marked by their similarity to vernacular expressions in some cases to distinguish between these concepts is almost impossible. They are always formed in oral speech. In some cases the word is the terminological counterpart, which is not used because of the complexity of pronunciation, cumbersome words.
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A Lot of examples of railway professions. Every kind of transport here has a name, sometimes consisting of abbreviations and numbers. To use them in a speech rather difficult, so in the communion of the railroad appear and substituting concepts. For Example, a tank with 8 axes is called "cigar" and the diesel locomotive TU2 workers of the road is called “body”. There are similar examples in aviation: Antonov an-14 was nicknamed ‘bee’.
Symbols are not only technical devices, but separate professions and positions. Greziniai call drivers track machines. Some of the words-trough represent distorted foreign designations: reading Latin without observing the rules of pronunciation (for example, “designer” - designer).
In some works of fiction writers also use professionalisms. It is necessary for images of a certain category of people, convey emotions and dialogues of the characters. Many representatives of the professions do not even notice how use in their speech words of this vocabulary. They are teachers, sports coaches, economists, and designers. In law practice, the phrase “sewing case” means “the investigation with a bias in the prosecution”. Musicians and music educators is the expression “major mood”, carries a more positive connotation. Rich in professionalism and language of medical professionals, where complicated names of diagnoses are replaced by an ironic, simplified words. ‘Baracnicka” called the patient is infected With hepatitis B and C, ‘martzoukou” name is atrial fibrillation. The main purpose of these words in this case – make it shorter and more succinct, and to accelerate the process of providing patient care.
The Excellences in the Russian language is little studied, researchers, linguists try to avoid this phenomenon. The appearance of these words spontaneously, and it is difficult for them to find some boundaries and give a clear indication. There are some publications of educational nature, in which the experts try to give a list of excellences. Such dictionaries will help the student and learners to further their business: faster log-in and understanding colleagues not to experience difficulties with oral communication with experts.
One problem – it is a lack of understanding of the excellences of the people that do not belong to a specific profession. Many of these expressions do not exist in dictionaries. And those that are in the dictionary and terminological publications, hardly demarcated from the terms and common parlance. The inability to find a precise definition of professionalism can cause confusion even among the representatives of the professions. And because of this – errors, crashes. Information barriers occur when communicating workers and skilled professionals with their leadership. For staff more accustomed to use in his speech special expressions, but many managers value their unfamiliar. The result is a separation of groups of workers at different levels, conflicts can occur.
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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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