Functions of mitochondria and their structure

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2019-04-02 14:20:24

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In the cells of any living organisms there are special organelles that move, operate, merge with each other and reproduce. They are called the mitochondria or chondriosome. Such structures as are contained in the cells of simple organisms and in cells of plants and animals. For a long time when studying the structure of cells was studied and the function of the mitochondria, because it was of special interest.

 

Indeed, at the cellular level, mitochondria perform a specific and important function to form energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate. This is a key nucleotide in the metabolism of living organisms and convert it into energy. ATP acts as the universal energy source required for the occurrence of all biochemical processes in the body. This is the main function of the mitochondria To maintain vital functions at the cellular level due to the formation of ATP.

 

Processes that occur in cells, has long been of special interest to scientists because it helps to better understand the structure and capabilities of the body. The learning process always takes a long time. So Karl Lohmann in 1929 opened the adenosine triphosphate, and Fritz Lipman in 1941 understood that it is the main supplier of energy in cells.

 

The structure of the mitochondria

Appearance is the same interest as functions of mitochondria. The size and shape of these organelles is unstable and can be different depending on the species. If we describe average values, the granular and filamentous mitochondria consists of two membranes, has a size of about 0.5 micromillimetre in thickness, and the length can reach 60 mikromillimetrov.

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As mentioned above, scientists have long tried to understand the question, what is the structure and function of mitochondria. The main difficulty was insufficient development of the equipment, because to study the microworld in other ways is almost impossible.

In animal cells contains more mitochondria than plant cells because animal energy conversion from an evolutionary point of view is more important. However, to explain such processes is quite difficult, but in plant cells a similar function to take a mostly chloroplasts.

In the cells mitochondria can be located in different places, where there is a need for ATP. We can say that the mitochondria is a universal structure, so they may appear in different places.

 

The function of the mitochondria

The Main function of the mitochondria Synthesis of ATP molecules. It is a kind of energy station for cells, which due to the oxidation of various organic compounds releases energy by their decay.

The Main source of energy, i.e., the connection used for the collapse is pyruvic acid. She, in turn, the body receives from protein, carbohydrates and fats. There are two ways of formation energy, and the mitochondria use both. The first of these is associated with the oxidation of pyruvate in the matrix. The second closely connected to the cristae of the organelle and directly completes the process of energobrazovania.

In General, this mechanism is quite complicated and occurs in several stages. Line up a long sequence of reactions, whose only aim supply power to other cellular processes. Maintaining the body at the cellular level allows you to save the state of a society as a whole. That is why scientists have long tried to unravel exactly how these processes occur. Over time, many issues were resolved, was especially helpful, the study of DNA and the structure of the rest of the small cells of the microcosm. Without this it is unlikely you could represent the development of this science in General, and the study of the human body and higher animals.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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