Many of us at the request of the “Name the largest lake of Africa” with confidence will answer that it is Victoria. Being the source of the Nile river, it occupies the second place in the world in size among all the freshwater lakes. According to official information, it was opened by Englishman J. Speke in 1858. This body of water the locals called “big water”. However, the discoverer has named it Victoria – the name of the English Queen.
Among many scientists for a long time there has been debate as to which waters refers, Victoria. According to some, is an inland sea, but others claimed that this large lake. In the end, the fact that the reservoir is filled with fresh water made it all come together on the second option.
The Largest lake of the continent (Africa) is located in the heart of it. The total area of the reservoir is more than 68 thousand square kilometers. By this measure, he even surpasses some of the sea (for example, Azov and Aral). The lake is at the same time on the territory of three countries: Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. For them it is a center of Commerce, navigation and fisheries.
The Average depth of the lake is 80 meters. In connection with the location and at the altitude of 1134 m above sea level, it belongs to the category of mountain. The average annual water temperature is around 22 degrees.
The Largest lake in Africa has the shape of an irregular oval. Its dimensions in length and width are 350х200 kilometers respectively. Almost everywhere except the South-West region, the shores are marshy and low. There are a huge number of different capes, bays, coves and even peninsulas.
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On the territory of the lake there are also many Islands of various sizes. Among the largest of them can be noted, Mansome, Ukerewe, Coma and Ruwanda. The researchers of the reservoir together with the archaeologists found evidence that several million years ago its area was much larger.
During the existence of the lake on its coast formed a special climate in which high humidity is combined with the grueling heat. In addition, the area is characterized as a prolonged tropical downpours and prolonged periods of drought. The largest lake of Africa is different in that a clear separation of the seasons on its territory there. The change of seasons is determined by the parameter of the amount of precipitation. In particular, the winter falls the minimum number, and in the summer – on the contrary.
The water months are April to may. The lake level at this time can be increased to 600 millimeters. The temperature almost never drops below the mark of 25 degrees. Concepts such as the frost and snow, the locals in General are not known.
The largest lake in Africa raised by tectonic and volcanic processes are quite high, so here are all the wind that characterized the continent. From them unable to defend even the slopes of the mountains passes. Now the pond is among the most dangerous on the planet due to hurricanes, tornadoes and storms. In connection with a hot climate a large amount of water evaporates (about 93 cubic kilometers per year). Despite this, the shallow lake will never be. Scientists explain this unusual character of the water cycle.
The flora and fauna in the area of the reservoir are similar to those on the mainland. On the banks among the plants most often found banana trees, cane, reeds and papyrus. Many locals grow coffee and bamboo. The largest lake of Africa is the habitat for crocodiles and hippos. In addition, the reservoir is found over a hundred varieties of fish. Among them there are those that live exclusively here.
Separate words deserve birds living in the coastal area. Their flocks consist of millions of individuals, so the area is often painted in all colors of the rainbow. The most common are Venetian cranes, flamingos and various species of herons.
In the middle of the twentieth century, the local ecosystem were on the verge of total destruction. The number of endangered species of plants and animals began to increase. A striking example is the rhinos who are being massacred by hunters with the purpose of obtaining valuable horns that are used in pharmacology. In addition, in the last few decades, there significantly reduced the number of leopards, elephants, giraffes, lions and hippos.
As noted above, the largest lake in Africa is located on the territory of the three countries. Each of them has on its coast its commercial ports and major cities. In particular, Tanzania is Mwanza. It is through this port city of the state in large volumes of trades. Nearby is one of the largest in Eastern Africa diamond deposits and gold, the export of which is the lion's share of the national budget.
On the North coast the largest is the port of Entebbe (Uganda), acting as a transmission point. The fact that all delivered here by the lake production is shipped to the capital by road. As for Kenya, her biggest town on lake Victoria is Kissima. Almost all goods from the industrial regions of the country are brought into it, and then deliver them to the destination.
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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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