The Ipatiev chronicle is a unique monument of ancient Russian literature

Most of the information about the history of Ancient Russia us drawn from the Chronicles. This genre of old Russian literature was and still is the main source of historical data for modern science along with archaeological research. Of particular interest to researchers is the Ipatiev chronicle. Why? Face it together.

Chronicles

The name "chronicle" speaks for itself - Scripture events for years, years. The authors were often the monks of the monasteries, which are briefly expounded the essence of what was happening main events. In the feudal period, each of the princely house of their own set, which was also given a certain interpretation of events, based on the interests of the ruling dynasty. The first chroniclers in Russia appeared in the eleventh century. The most ancient, extant work in this genre, "the Chronicle of bygone years", written around 1113 by a monk of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra Nestor.

Historians discovered several dozen such sets of events. The most famous and ancient of them are the Laurentian Codex and the Hypatian chronicle. The arch is the work, which includes the census earlier sources, which were supplemented by recent events. So, the "Chronicle of bygone years" is included in most of the vaults of the late period as the beginning of the narrative.

Finding Karamzin

In the 19th century, Russian historian N. Karamzin discovered in the archives of the Ipatiev monastery near Kostroma chronicle. It was dated 14th century. Its name - the Ipatievsky chronicle - received at the place of discovery. Along with the Laurentian arch, this is one of the oldest. Its peculiarity is that, apart from the usual inclusion of the narrative of Nestor, he has a detailed account of the events of the history of the Principality of Kiev during the reign of Rurik Rostislavovich, as well as the Galicia-Volyn lands until the end of the 13th century. This is a unique material for studying the history of ancient South-Western lands after the beginning of feudal fragmentation and the establishment of Mongol rule.

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How to read the text?

Acquaintance with the ancient Chronicles it is possible for a wide range of readers. First, more than 150 years ago, published the Complete collection of Russian Chronicles. Secondly, at the moment most of them are available online. Of course, they are processed in accordance with the modern Russian language. The Ipatiev chronicle, the translation of which is carried out also in the Ukrainian language, is also available to any interested person. Parts of it exist in the English language. But if you still have the desire to read the chronicle in the original, then you need to learn, at least, the old Slavonic. Materials are scanned and posted online.

Table of Contents Ipatiev arch

A generally Accepted allocation of the three parts of the considered set. The first annals of the Ipatiev on the list, all other is "the Tale of bygone years". Although there are some differences, specification data, which are not in other vaults. This proves that the place was the southern Russian lands, where the author of the code had access to documents and archives and was able to clarify the necessary information.

The Second part is called Kiev. Much attention is given to the reign of Prince Rostislav Ruruka from home. Presumably, the Abbot of the Vydubitsky monastery was the author of this part of the code "Ipatiev chronicle".

Ukraine, more precisely, Galicia-Volyn Rus in the thirteenth century are presented in the third part of the arch. This part differs from the previous one. In the original she did not even have the traditional enumeration of dates, which, apparently, was indicated when copying later. Let us dwell on the last two parts.

Kiev chronicle

It may sound paradoxical, but Kiev chronicle is also a set of chroniclers of several of the princes who ruled in Kiev. The twelfth century was quite complicated for this earth. Constantly there was a struggle for the throne between Monomakh and Olegovichy. This trend was visible not only in the capital city, but also in other lands. The descendants of Monomakh moved to the North-East, conquering there the infinite power, and the ol'govichi had remained in the South, threatened the Polovtsian raids.

In 1185 was a sad campaign of Igor Svyatoslavovich in the step described in "the Word about Igor's regiment". The attitude is completely opposite in the Laurentian and Hypatian Chronicles. The latter showed more sympathy and indulgence to a failed attempt by Igor to save the Russian land from the enemies. In the arch North-Eastern lands of Igor condemned for arrogance, for not waited the help from the brothers. Some researchers believe that the beginning of the Kiev chronicle put in the Chernihiv and Pereyaslavl Prince Rostislav. From there the details of the life of the southern principalities.

About the Galicia-Volyn Rus

Halych and Volyn, the Western borders of Kievan Rus has significant features in the development. About the nuances of political struggle, international relations with at 1205 1292 year we read in the Ipatiev chronicle. It should be noted that the drafters of the last part was the most educated men of his time, as used by Greek and earlier ancient sources. Information they drew from the reports of ambassadors, the Prince's letters, war stories. Through this arch we have a detailed description of the battle on the Kalka and consequences of the invasion of Batu in South-Western Russia. I hope now it is clear that describes the Ipatiev chronicle and why it is interesting for ordinary people and professional historians.