What is party and what are they?

"Party" - concept ambiguous. If you ask the question: "What shipment?", the answer is the same. But if we consider the political parties, there are completely different concepts and definitions. What is batch production, we in this thread do not consider. We are interested in the concept associated with the policy. Will discuss it in detail.

The Concept of "party" in politics

A Special place among the subjects of such activity, as political, is a party. They act as intermediaries between government and citizens. The answer to the question what the party has become a classic definition, offered Schwarzenberg Roger Gerard (born 1943), French scientist. In his opinion, the political party is acting continuously organization, which exists both at the local and national levels. It focuses on the dispatch and receipt of power, is committed to the broad support of the masses for this purpose.

Batch Characteristics

We will Continue our response to the question of what party. Let us consider their characteristics. The party United the most active representatives of these or those social groups that have similar ideological and political views and seek somehow to the government.

It is Possible to allocate following signs of party:

long - term functioning of the organization, the existence of rules of intra-party life and formal norms enshrined in the Charter.

- the presence of grassroots organizations (local offices) that support national leadership regular communication;

- focus on the conquest of power and disposal of it (pressure groups call those who do not have this goal);

- voluntary membership, the support of the people;

the presence of the overall strategy, goals and ideology expressed in the political program.

Party

They perform in modern society, a number of specific internal and external functions. It is also necessary to mention, answering the question of what party. Highlight those and other functions, to dwell on them.

Recommended

"Knowledge is light and ignorance is darkness": the value, meaning and alternatives

There are some sayings that would seem to need no explanation, such as “teaching & ndash; light and ignorance – darkness”. But some still do not understand their meaning. But not only for such people is written by our article. I...

What was invented by Mendeleev for the army. The history and fate of the invention

D. I. Mendeleev was a brilliant Russian scientist-polymath, who made many important discoveries in various fields of science and technology. Many people know that he is the author of “Fundamentals of chemistry" and the periodic law of chem...

The origin of the Slavs. The influence of different cultures

Slavs (under this name), according to some researchers, appeared in the story only in 6 century ad. However, the language of nationality bears the archaic features of the Indo-European community. This, in turn, suggests that the origin of the Slavs h...

Internal concern providing funding, recruiting new members, networking between local offices and leadership, effective interaction, etc.

External functions for defining the activities of the party. Is to protect, defend and Express the interests of large social strata and groups, the integration within them of people on the basis of shared goals and mobilization of the masses to solve important current social problems. They also include the formation of public opinion, development ideology, the spread of political culture, preparation of various personnel for existing political institutions, participation in the creation of the elite, as well as opportunities for socialization in politics. In addition, external functions - participation in election campaigns, their organization and the struggle for governance and for state power.

Types of parties

You Can highlight some typologies which are divided into political parties.

Thus, there are ideological orientations such as Communist, conservative, liberal party.

"What the Federal party?" - you will ask. It is isolated in the following, a territorial basis. It party are regional, Federal and others. That is, this sign shows the territory in which they exist.

The social basis of entrepreneurship, peasants, workers and so on.

In relation to transformations in society - the reactionary and the progressive, reformist and revolutionary, centrist and radical.

To participate in government - parliamentary and non-parliamentary, legal and illegal, the ruling and opposition.

However, the most known is the classification by organizational structure, which distinguishes between mass and cadre parties.

Staff party

"What party personnel?" - you will ask. They are focused on the participation of parliamentarians, professional politicians and United around a political Committee, group leaders. They are usually the elite and a few are financed by private sources. Aktiviziruyutsya the activities of such parties during the elections.

Multi-party

On the Contrary, mass parties are numerous, they are financed from membership fees. It is a centralized organization with a statutory membership, characterized by discipline and organization, conducting in the field of wide propaganda work, as interested in the fact that their number grew (and, accordingly, increased the amount of contributions). Mass parties are committed to the mobilization of the masses, and personnel - elites.

You Can also separate them into "right" and "left". What is the "right" parties? They are opposed to radical reforms, for the preservation of the existing regime. "Left" - change it, the reign of social equality, the full-scale reforms. These include the social democratic, anarchist, socialist and Communist party and other political doctrines.

We examined theoretically what are the types and what a party. "United Russia"refers to the "right" or "left"? Try to answer this question. What is the Communist party, we're all about the present and without definitions.

Pressure Groups, public organizations, mass movements also belong to the group entities for such activities as political.

In the last few decades, there are also the so-called universal party (different parties of all voters). In the strict sense they are not. Unlike traditional parties that focus their activity on electoral group, these groups aim to attract different groups of voters to his side. Their characteristic features are: a special type playing the role of a philosophical character of a leader-an intellectual, an optional fixation in the Association membership and the absence of any clearly defined social interests. The main function of the universal parties - protection of the current policy, not the aggregation and articulation of interests of society. Therefore, they are associated more with government than with the people.

Party concept

Answering the question of what a political party, you must also specify a party concept. The party is a non - profit voluntary social Association of political principles and ideological reasons, seeking to achieve certain political objectives and applying to this the political means.

It includes, as already mentioned, the most active members of society, their class or political Association, expressing directly their interests, consisting of the most active members, aware of these interests fighting for the possession of power or retaining it, as well as the implementation of common goals.

In the tradition of the Marxism of the party are seen as the highest form of class organization, covering the most active part of it, reflecting political interests and pursuing its activities the long-term goal. As a political organization of the party Express their attitude to the authorities, participate in public and political events are created in the name of consolidating and maintaining power or change it.

In another tradition, the liberal-democratic, they are treated as some political forces organized, bringing together representatives of a single political tradition and essential for participation in power or conquest it to implement the objectives pursued by the adherents of the party. They, embodying the individual's right to political Association with others, reflect some common group goals and interests of diverse sectors of society (religious, ethnic, social, etc.). The people in the Institute put forward to the group state their requirements and receive at the same time seeking support in order to solve some political issues.

Elements that are mandatory for any political party

In order to better understand what a political party, select the elements that are mandatory for any of them. Any party is the bearer of a certain ideology, or at least she expresses a certain orientation of the vision of man and the world. This Association, relatively long lifetimes, i.e. the organization having a specific territorial dimension (local, regional, national and sometimes international) and structure. The goal of any party is the conquest of power or participation with the other in it.

Each of the parties wants to assure himself of the support of the population from inclusion in the ranks of its members to a wide range of supporters.

Characteristics and role of political parties

Among the main features are: an organizational structure, membership fees, the presence of statutes and programs, the organizational relationship between the party, party discipline, participate in the formation of government and parliamentary institutions, the creation of public opinion.

Its Role in the life of society: it is the link between government and masses, the head of the social class struggle, the regulator of the socio-political public life.

The Main task of the party is participation in power, the seizure of its.

Political party

1. Theoretical:

analysis of the state, as well as a theoretical evaluation of the different perspectives of social development;

- identification of interests of various social groups;

- to develop tactics and strategy of struggle for the renewal of society.

2. Ideological:

the assertion and distribution in the masses of their moral values and worldview;

- the promotion of its policies and objectives;

- involvement of the population in the ranks and on the side of the party.

3. Political:

- the struggle for power;

- the selection of elective post candidates, personnel for promotion in local and Central government, the government;

- carrying out various election campaigns.