Short biography of Witte, Sergei Yulievich

The name of the outstanding statesman of Russia, and arresting mainly in force of the foreign sound was mentioned in the Soviet history only in connection with (as they write in textbooks) “grim tsarist times”. Yet it tied with another antagonist of social democracy - Peter Arkadievich Stolypin, and as its antipode. The relationship of these two men really was not easy, they had largely opposite views about progress, but in the main converge of P. A. Stolypin and Witte. A short biography of each of them was the epitome of service to the Fatherland, and both of them completely denied the revolutionary path of development. Unfortunately, plans to build a great Russia, it failed, although it required not too much - just a couple of decades of peace.

Genealogy Witte

The family of a nobleman of Courland Hristova-Henry-George-Julius and daughter of the Governor of the Saratov region Ekaterina Andreevna (nee Fadeyev) in 1849 a son was born, Sergei Witte. A short biography of the father of the family provides information about the high level of his education (he possessed qualifications of a mining engineer and agronomist). In the early forties he settled in Saratov province and was appointed Manager of large landed estates. History is silent about how he won the heart of Catherine Andreevna Fadeeva, but it is obvious that this task was not simple. His future wife and the mother of Sergei Yul'evich came from a highly educated noble family, her grandfather was Prince Dolgorukov. The other children of the Saratov Governor, too, was different, and not only a high origin - for example, one of the daughters became a prominent writer (Elena Gan). Cousin Ekaterina Fadeeva, E. A. Sushkova, became famous as the author of interesting memoirs depict the society of that time. Helena Blavatsky had boy cousin.

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Perhaps someone may seem insignificant circumstance, born Witte, Sergei Yulievich. A short biography of him, however, without this information, it is impossible. His ancestors were people of worthy and gifted.

Education

Until the age of sixteen the boy had visited the gymnasium in Tiflis. Then the family a couple of years lived in Chisinau. After maturity he and his brother became students of the University of Novorossiysk, one of the best in the Russian Empire. Patiently and persistently he studied mathematics, the future statesman Witte. A brief biography of him States that the youth of Sergei Yul'evich tied with Odessa (here was referred to the Novorossiysk University, he now bears the name of I. I. Mechnikov). In the southern Palmyra, he defended his thesis (1870). Witte offered to stay in school, but he refused, than has received the full support of the family, who considered the lot of the noble service to the Emperor and Fatherland.

Career section

The Young man entered the service, taking the post of clerk in the office of the Governor of new Russia. But there he stayed long, and soon became a specialist railway on the recommendation of count A. P. Bobrinsky. Short biography of Witte contains information about the fact that he worked almost as a cashier, but it is not so, although he really had to travel a lot on small stations, learning all the intricacies of railroad operations and to occupy different low positions for deeper knowledge. Soon this persistence has produced results, and he headed the operational service of the Odessa railway. It was Witte then only 25 years old.

Future growth

A short biography of Witte as the officer could be very short because of what happened in the Tiligul train wreck but his active work on the organization of the defense transportation (there was a war with Turkey) earned the favor of his superiors, and it is actually forgiven (punishment – for two weeks the guardhouse). The development of the port of Odessa – is also greatly to his credit. So, instead of resignation and opals – a new turn in his career, now in St. Petersburg. To lead five South-Western Railways (Kharkiv-Mykolaiv, Kyiv-Brest, Fastovsky, Brest-Graevskaya and Odessa) in 1879 entrusted Witte. Brief biography of the senior official takes us to Kiev, where he works under the direction of I. S. Blioh, a prominent theorist and economist and banker. There will be fifteen of the most interesting years of his life.

Achievements

In the early XX century in the global economy is undergoing tectonic processes that are not left behind and Witte, Sergei Yulievich. Brief biography it contains information about the written work ‘national savings and Friedrich list”. Soon the book notice “top”, and the author of appointed state Councilor at the railway Department. Then there is a rapid throw on a post of the Minister. Mendeleev invited Witte to the service in the assigned Department.

The Main merit of Sergey yulevich in state reform can be listed point by point:

1. The introduction of the gold backing of the ruble. Inthe result of the Russian currency has become one of the world's major currencies.

2. The consolidation of the state monopoly on the sale of vodka (there was even the concept of “Monopolka” as the common names of pubs). The budget began to receive serious money, but there was an unpleasant effect on the interest of the state in the people of soldering.

3. The sharp rise in railway construction. During the work of Witte length of the routes has doubled and exceeded 54 thousand miles. These rates were not even in the years of Stalin's five year plans.

4. Transfer of Railways to the state. 70% of the companies, the Treasury bought from the owners, it was of strategic importance for the country's economy.

Personal life

No mention of family, none, even the most brief biography. Witte in his youth was a success with the ladies (you know about his Dating with the Actresses). In Odessa, Sergei Yul'evich met his first wife, who at the time was in a formal marriage. N. A. Spiridonova (nee Ivanenko) was the daughter of the Marshal of the nobility of Chernigov, they were married in Kyiv, in the Cathedral of St. Vladimir. The couple lived until the death of his wife in 1890. in two years, Witte married again. His darling Matilda I. Lisanevich she raised a daughter that Sergei Yul'evich was raised as their own child. Wife had been Jewish converts to Christianity that exacerbated relations official with the secular society. He prejudices to ignore.

Recent years

Relationship with Nicholas II, Witte was difficult. On the one hand, the Emperor valued him as a specialist, court intrigues (which, by the way, Sergei Yul'evich was the whale) considerably complicated the position of Minister of Finance. Eventually, in 1903, Witte lost his job, but for some time Affairs remained as it was sent to negotiate peace with the government of Japan. With the job he did, the reward was the title of count.

Then the complexity of the agricultural project, the pioneer of which was Peter Stolypin. The resistance of the landlords, Witte retreated, and the author of the controversial law fired. Long, however, to maneuver between the interests of the warring factions was impossible. Inevitable resignation, ultimately, took place in 1906.

This, In fact, a brief biography of Witte ends. In February 1915 he fell ill with meningitis and died.

The Whole life of this statesman is a vivid illustration of unsuccessful struggle for the prosperity of the Motherland. It is necessary to know our contemporaries in order to avoid many admitted errors of a century ago.