The structure of the throat of the man and his features

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2018-03-22 11:50:11

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In the human body can highlight areas in which there are various physiological systems with common anatomical and physiological traits. These include, for example, throat region, in which there are elements of the two systems-the respiratory and digestive. The structure of the throat of man and the functions of its departments will be discussed in this article.

Anatomical features of the throat

The structure of the throat of the man whose schema given below, indicates the region, starting with two cavities: the nasal and oral, and ending, respectively, of the trachea and esophagus. So one part of the throat that are related to the digestive system, called the pharynx, i.e., throat, and the other which is part of the respiratory system, linkcom (larynx). The pharynx is a border area between the oral cavity and esophagus. Food is crushed by the teeth, moistened with saliva and partially split under the action of enzymes, gets to the root of the tongue. Irritation its receptors causes a reflex contraction of the muscles of the soft palate, that closes the entrance to the nasal cavity. At the same time the entrance to the larynx is blocked by the epiglottis.

the structure of the throat of man

The compression of the muscles of the pharynx pushes the food bolus in the esophagus, which is like Contracting, propels it into the stomach. Pharynx, or the larynx, as already mentioned earlier, is part of the respiratory system. It receives air from the nasal cavity, nasopharynx and oropharynx, while partially warming and purifying from dust particles. In the larynx, consisting of paired and unpaired cartilage with hyaline base, there are two elastic fibers – vocal cords, between them is the glottis. The lower part of the larynx passes into the trachea. Its front wall is formed by cartilaginous semirings, which do not allow the breathing tube to reduce its diameter. The rear wall of the trachea consists of smooth muscle. Air from the trachea enters the bronchi unhindered and from them into the lungs.

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Barrier role of the tonsils

By Studying the structure of the throat of the person, focus on clusters limfoidnuu tissue called mindaline. They formed a special histological structure – parenchyma, scattered in the stroma consisting of connective tissue. In the tonsils is the formation of lymphocytes – main immunopathic elements protect the body from pathogens. This process called lymphopoiesis. Considering the anatomical structure of the human throat, tonsils which are in the differentiation of palatal, lingual and pharyngeal, the researchers came to the conclusion that this arrangement testifies to their barrier function.

structure of the human throat tonsils

Moreover, laringologie to speak of lymphoepithelial ring, located in the mucosa on the border of the oral cavity and pharynx-the ring of Pirogov-Waldeyer. In immunology of the tonsils is referred to as peripheral organ of the immune system. They surround the vestibule of the trachea and esophagus, protecting the respiratory and digestive systems against the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms. The anatomical and physiological structure of the human throat, the lymph nodes which provide protection and a barrier from the harmful effects of the external environment would remain incomplete if we do not stop on such structures of the tonsils as gaps.

Function Specific gaps

These are sections of lymph nodes, are the first to receive the brunt of staphylococcal or streptococcal infection, trapped in the oral cavity. A huge number of lymphocytes neutralize and digest bacteria, dying in the process.

the structure of human throat diagram

The Accumulation of dead lymphoid cells form in the gaps purulent tube, indicating the inflammatory process that occurs in response to penetration of an infection into organism.

Larynx as voice-producing organ

We have Previously examined two important functions of the larynx: is it involved in respiration and protection (epiglottis at the time of swallowing food and closes the entrance to the larynx, thus preventing the ingress of solid particles in the trachea and appearance of suffocation). There is another function of the pharynx, which we define, continuing to study the structure of the throat of man. It deals with such properties of our body, like the ability to sound production and interpretation of speech. Recall that the larynx is composed of cartilage.

structure of the human throat lymph nodes

Between the arytenoid cartilages, having appendages that are the vocal cords – two very flexible and springy fibers. In a moment of silence the vocal cords apart, and between them are well visible to the glottis, having a form of isosceles triangle. While singing or speaking, the vocal cords are closed, and the air rising from the lungs at the moment of exhale, causing their rhythmic vibrations we perceive as sound. Modulation of sounds is due to changing the position of the tongue, lips, cheeks, jaws.

Gender difference in the structure of the throat

There are several anatomical and physiological features of the structure of the throat of the person associated with gender. Men in laryngeal cartilages are connected in front-upper part of larynx, forming a ledge – the Adam's Apple or Adam's Apple.

structure of the human throat and ligaments

In women, the angle of the connection parts of the thyroid cartilage more and visually, this protrusion can not be detected. There is also a difference in the structure of the vocal cords. In males they are longer and thicker, and the voice low. In women, the vocal cords are thinner and shorter, their voices higher and louder.

In this paper, we have considered anatomical and physiological aspects of the structure of the throat of the person.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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