Cough in tuberculosis: characteristics and symptoms

A Cough that lasts more than one week, and it is accompanied by fever. Perhaps these are signs of tuberculosis? No need to hesitate. After all, it may not be just a cold.

What is pulmonary tuberculosis?

TB – is a disease caused by mycobacteria, which are distributed in the tissues, saturated with blood and oxygen. For this reason, most affects the lungs. Of course, the disease can develop in other organs. Treatment is successful, but requires the course from six months to a year, and in some cases can last for years (all depends on what kind of cough in pulmonary tuberculosis). Previously this disease was considered to be the most common. But with the advent of antibiotics the cough in tuberculosis began to meet less frequently. To date, the disease is gaining momentum because of the emergence of various strains of tuberculosis have led to the stability to antibiotics. A disease occurs in such forms as open and closed. In the first form of the bacterium that the body's suppressed immune system, poses no threat to the surrounding people. However, this form can go in the open, if the person is not conducting proper treatment. In the second form the patient has the ability to infect others. The most common form of infection – to inhale air that was exhaled by an infected.

Who is at risk to be infected with TB?

The Greatest risk are people:

• With a weak immunity (infants, HIV-infected);
• People who have close contact with infected people (sharing a room);
• Those who care for tuberculosis patients (doctors and nurses);
• People who are dependent on nicotine (especially those who smoke more than one pack of cigarettes per day);
• Those who live on the streets;
• Persons who use alcohol and drugs;
• People whose weight is 10% less than normal;
• Persons who use medications from depression;
• People who are in places of imprisonment.

Causes of cough in tuberculosis

The Body tends to fight any bacteria that it contains. However, regardless of the stress or weakening the body is faltering and creates favorable conditions for disease development.

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The Most common way of penetration of the Bacillus tuberculosis in the body – airborne. But the infection is not immediately – bacteria resistance respiratory system. The development of coli occurs when the inflammation of the upper respiratory tract and bronchi.

The Most common causes of illness: social disadvantage, in contact with an infected, unhealthy lifestyle, stress, poor nutrition and weak immunity. But the main reason could be the weak social base and the inability to complete course of treatment.

Symptoms of cough in tuberculosis

First and foremost you need to listen to your body and pay attention to any changes, so as not to miss the initial stage of the disease. This is extremely important because at first the disease may not manifest itself and be diagnosed after x-rays of the lungs.

The Following symptoms are the first signs of the disease:

• Dizziness;
• Apathy and lethargy;
• Violation of the sleep mode;
• Heavy sweating;
• Severe pallor of the body;
• The emergence of bright blush;
• Quick weight loss;
• Lack of appetite;
• Body temperature equal to 37 ⁰C.

In the later stages, the disease manifests itself more clearly:

• Has tuberculosis severe cough is dry and sputum;
• Tachycardia, where there is a severe shortage of air;
• Rales of various intensity;
• High body temperature;
• Shiny eyes and pale skin;
• Dystonia;
• Rapid weight loss up to ten pounds or more;
• The appearance of blood in the expectoration;
• Pain in the chest.

Stages of tuberculosis

There are three stages of pulmonary tuberculosis.

1. Contagion. It occurs only in the area where the infection. Usually the infected person feels well, but sometimes can occur the primary symptoms of the disease.
2. Hidden infections. assuming that the human immune system is very weak, the bacteria quickly spread throughout the body. Thus they form places where tuberculosis bacteria in various organs.
3. The progression of the disease. the Accumulation of bacteria affects the lungs, when injected into the bronchi these microbes make a person a distributor of infection.

TB

There are many forms of the disease. From forms depends on the treatment and how the disease is dangerous.

The First form-infiltrative. It is due to the fact that in human lung inflammation appears. As a result, the lung tissue becomes similar to cheese. In some cases, this form is asymptomatic and is manifested only when the x-rays. It happens often coughing up blood, although I feel OK overall. Often the disease is confused with pneumonia, bronchitis andinfluenza.

The Second form is called disseminirovannaya. And it is caused by the fact that the bacteria spread through the blood and lymphatic system. The symptoms are obvious and vary from person to person.

The Third form – a cavernous, it is characterized by the appearance of fine cavities in the lung tissue. This form is not strongly expressed. Treated with medication, physiotherapy and immunostimulirutuyu drugs.

The Fourth form is called fibrous. When it affects the bronchi and emphysema, and pulmonary fibrosis bronhoektasia.

The Fifth form is called alopecia and is secondary. Is affected one lung, or both. The person has cough, tuberculosis and high fever, and other symptoms.

Sometimes TB without cough?

Only at the beginning of the disease may develop without chronic cough. In this period, the patient may not feel the process of intoxication occurring in his body. But over time, you cough.

In closed form cough in tuberculosis does not occur.

If a person is sick with tuberculosis such organs as bones, joints, skin, eyes, brain, kidneys, intestines, and sexual organs, the cough does not occur.

What is cough in tuberculosis?

Cough in case of disease progression. It is dry (or it is called non-productive) and wet (productive).

If the detected dry cough:

• Tuberculosis in the initial stage;
• Place pressure to the bronchial tree, lymph nodes, which increased;
• There is a tuberculosis of the bronchi;
• Concurrent occurrence of chronic bronchitis.

This is Also possible because of the ingress of liquid (pus or other) with the pleura in the bronchi.

Cough in tuberculosis has the following reasons:

• Fast progression of the disease;
• Form of the disease, which leads to the destruction of the lungs;
• Support chronic nonspecific bronchitis.

The Expectoration in this disease, occurs homogeneous mass without color and smell. If tuberculosis is in parallel with other respiratory system disease, the expectoration is green, purulent and with a sharp unpleasant odor.

Other symptoms of tuberculosis

Cough in tuberculosis is characterized by the expectoration of blood, which is a feature of some types of pulmonary tuberculosis. At first, the patient's coughing up normal red blood, later it turns into clots. While the temperature does not occur. However, if the blood into the lungs in 90% of cases inflammation that occurs with high body temperature.

Bleeding in the lungs characterized by the appearance of bright red blood, the volume of which is more than 50 ml per day (I mean what goes through the respiratory system). If coughing up blood is not more than 50 ml per day. Bleeding in the lungs is dangerous because it can occur hemorrhagic shock.

A cough tuberculosis shortness of breath and when you exhale, it is due to a decrease in the area of lung tissue, bronchial patency and deterioration of the part of the brain that is responsible for breathing.

There clenching pain that swells up at the slightest movement.

There is an increase in the lymph nodes.

My kids

Cough in tuberculosis in children has the following features:

• Strong dry;
• Largely progresses night and morning and lasts more than one month;
• With the development of the disease becomes moist, purulent and blood of the masses;
• Cough is accompanied by weakness, short attention span, reduced efficiency.

Under proper medical treatment he disappears.

Parents need to be able to distinguish cough associated with pulmonary tuberculosis from acute respiratory viral infection in children, as the cough is also available, but has the features:

• Appears with the onset of the disease;
• Takes you through two to five days;
• Dynamic, that is, for a short period of time goes from dry in the wet;
• Characterized by fever and all catarrhal symptoms;
• Easy as drinking plenty of fluids and the intake of antivirals.

Most popular methods of TB diagnosis

One of the most popular methods of diagnosis methods include x-ray, Mantoux test, Diaskintest and QuantiFERON test.

X-ray methods are divided into:

• Fluoroscopy - x-ray inspection. This is a cheap method in which a specialist examines the body on the screen at the moment when it lights camera.
• X-rays. Is more accurate and pays attention to the details of any of the harmful process in the lungs.
• Imaging. It is used to clarify the nature of the disease. Is imaging from multiple images.
• Chest x-rays. This method is common because it is used for the prevention of tuberculosis, passing the inspection is required once a year.

The Mantoux Test is that the human body is introduced a special tool - the tuberculin. Three days later, the specialist assesses the response of the organism. Conduct this diagnosis each year, children from years old to eighteen years old. The advantages are price, simplicity and the ability to check a large number of people.

The development of the reaction can be affected by many factors, then the test resultwill be inaccurate:

• When the child has had a certain infection, Allergy, combed the injection site;
• Violation of techniques, poor quality drug;
• About the reaction occurs in the presence of microbes in the body, which are similar to tuberculosis disease.

Diaskintest used in order to exclude false positive Mantoux test. Often it is used in cases where parents are against manta. However, it gives false results if the disease is at an early stage.

QuantiFERON test is the most modern method of diagnosis because it detects both active and latent form of the disease. The advantage of this method is that it is carried out in the laboratory, no effects of external factors. It also eliminates false responses and is used regardless of the disease of the child.

The Treatment of cough in tuberculosis

If you make the treatment of cough (tuberculosis), it should be remembered that all medications are taken exactly on time, strictly excluded pass reception. If you do not observe the regime, it may be a form of ' the cough that is resistant to drugs. To destroy the tubercle Bacillus is possible only with simultaneous use of five or six drugs.

But in order to cure the patient, but don't rely on medicines. Therapy is combined with physiotherapy and drugs that strengthen the immune system. No need to pay attention to breathing exercises and proper nutrition.

If the disease is running, then surgery is recommended. Otherwise it can be fatal. If the treatment is carried out correctly, then coughing after tuberculosis disappears.