What is disinfection: types, methods, used tools

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2018-03-26 07:07:16

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Pathogens and bacteria have the property long enough to stay and propagate in the source of infection. Increase their destructive effect on the human can be carried out without the presence of a carrier of the disease.

To combat this, was developed a complex of measures, which has the name "disinfecting" or "disinfection". What disinfection is and how it fights pathogens, we will understand further.

The Concept of disinfection and its types

The Microorganisms tend to proliferate when exposed to favourable factors and, therefore, create conditions dangerous to human body.

Disinfection are specially developed methods of dealing with microbes for maximum reduction of their amount in the environment. Sorry, completely destroying pathogenic flora and her disputes with the events impossible, but you can minimize their number.

What is disinfection

There are three main types of disinfection - preventive, current and final. Use these types of disinfection under different conditions - at home, in medical and school-pre-schools, hotel complexes, trade and supply.

What is disinfection with preventive purpose? Using these events is the annihilation of pathogens to prevent the outbreak of infection.

Preventive disinfection is carried out daily, regularly, using a special disinfectant. After each procedure is filled with specialized documentation, which fixed the time, venue and used a chemical agent.

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Disinfection in the foci of infection

The Final method of disinfection is based on the destruction of microbes in the place of occurrence of the source of infection after hospitalization. Most often these activities are used in the detection of infectious diseases:

  • Viral hepatitis
  • Rotavirus infection;
  • Dysentery, salmonellosis and other intestinal infections;
  • Pediculosis;
  • The itch.

Disinfection measures are carried out after hospitalization, representatives of sanitary-epidemiological service. Also be sure there is a final disinfection during the demolition of the building of the medical institution, its restructuring, remodeling, and mandatory in maternity wards, tuberculosis and infectious diseases hospitals.

Activities to prevent the spread of the disease at the current site of infection, called current disinfection. Disinfection of material and household items, which is in contact with a sick person, to interrupt the possible ways of transmission. Conducted both at home and in hospitals.

Methods of disinfection

At the moment there are the following disinfection methods:

  • Chemical;
  • Physical;
  • Mechanical.

When using mechanical disinfection is cleansed of the object from dust and dirt. This method cannot be used as a method of choice, however it is included in the complex of other events.

disinfection

What is disinfection carried out by physical factors? This method is based on the use of high temperature and steam mode, the high-frequency currents ultraviolet radiation. Often used in institutions of medical and sanatorium type for the destruction of microorganisms that are sensitive to high temperatures. Disinfect with this method, not only objects of small size, but the mattresses, pillows, clothes and shoes of the patient.

Disinfection by chemical method based on the use of special active substances. These drugs are produced in the form of solutions, powders, gels, Soaps, capsules. Disinfectants used for pouring, wiping, sprinkling items that need to be processed, their immersion and irrigation. All the items that can be processed by liquid means water or immersed in the solution. Those that are not subject to exposure to liquids, double wipe.

Disinfection of premises

Disinfection of premises is necessary not only in health care type, but also in any buildings overall profile. The daily struggle with pathological microflora minimizes the possibility of outbreak of infection.

Disinfection of premises

Most often, the disinfection of rooms is carried out by chemical means in combination with a mechanical method and the use of ultraviolet light. All furniture that is located in the premises, subjected to processing, irrigation or wiping with a rag soaked in the solution. Floors and walls are also thoroughly handled. If the room is there is some kind of transport for transportation, for example, wheelchairs for patient transportation or a truck for transportation of vegetables, all of them must also be processed.

In terms of medical and health institutions after the processing facilities include a germicidal lamp. They are necessary to reduce the number of pathogens in the air and on exposed surfaces.

Features of the use of chemical disinfectants

Means of cleaning can be used only forthose standards. Select the drug that has the least toxic effect on the human body and the most detrimental effect on bacteria. Most of the funds have a neutral odor and hypoallergenic properties.

disinfectants

The Most common substance is considered to be bleach, however it must comply with individual security measures. To prepare the solution, preferably immediately before use and store in a place without access to sunlight.

Main group:

Depending on the active substances included in the composition, all disinfectants are divided into groups:

  1. Desinfectada Alcohol - ethanol, methanol.
  2. Tools on the basis of hydrogen peroxide - peroxide + ketamin.
  3. Chlorine compounds - bleach, bleach, detectin.
  4. Derived peracetic acid.
  5. Tools based on the HOUR - benzalconi chloride.
  6. Preparations for the chemical treatment - formaldehyde, alcohols, surfactants, Halogens.

sanitizer

All medications have greater efficacy against microorganisms, but are not used for the destruction of their dispute.

More details to see the information that is disinfection, you can use is regulated by the normative documents of sanitary-epidemiological service.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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