Gastric lavage: technique, algorithm. Methods gastric lavage

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2018-03-27 02:57:14

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Everyone can be in a number of situations when the knowledge about how to perform gastric lavage, technique, algorithm execution and techniques of performing this simple action can save a life. How not to get lost in a difficult situation? And in some cases no rinsing will not do?

gastric lavage technique algorithm

What is a stomach for the person

The Stomach – a body made up of muscle, hollow inside. He is one of the important parts of the digestive system. This is an organ between the esophagus and duodenum of the intestine. The volume of the empty body of an adult is about a pint. After the meal, the volume increased to 1 l, and in excess of normal portions – up to 3.5-4 l.

Gastric Lavage, technique (algorithm) which will be described in this article, may be required if the authority has received food perceived as a threat. In this case, a lump of food is delayed in the gastric reservoir does not progress to the intestines, where it will increase the absorption into the blood of dangerous substances. Nausea, vomiting, pain.

how to wash out the stomach at home

When the stomach is washed

Indications for gastric lavage there are many:

  1. Eating spoiled food, or poisonous mushrooms leading to acute food poisoning.
  2. Intoxication as a result of exceeding the permissible doses of alcohol.
  3. Poisoning by chemicals, poisonous substances, household chemicals and pharmaceuticals.
  4. Problems with the digestive system.
  5. Atony of the muscular tissue of the stomach wall.
  6. Overeating.
  7. Treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and other organ systems.

gastric lavage in case of poisoning

The Main flow of toxins absorbed into the blood during the first 2 hours after the poisoning. This means that to perform a cleansing of the stomach preferably after the first symptoms of intoxication.

Three ways of washing

Depending on the condition of the patient and severity of the exposure, gastric lavage may be performed according to various methods. Methods gastric lavage:

  1. “Restaurant method” that is, without the introduction of the probe.
  2. Lavage using a thick probe.
  3. Using a thin probe.

The Evacuation of stomach contents with the use of probes is conducted only by medical personnel.

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Contraindications

There are several conditions that make it impossible for the gastric lavage. Technique (algorithm) in this case plays no role, because the procedure is contraindicated in General. Such conditions include:

  1. Internal bleeding.
  2. Get acidic or alkaline burns of the larynx or of the gastrointestinal tract.
  3. Problems with the cerebral circulation.
  4. Loss of consciousness
  5. Violation reflexes, convulsions.
  6. Organic narrowing in the oesophagus.
  7. Instability of cardiac rhythm, myocardial infarction, angina.

gastric lavage technique algorithm

In difficult cases, any manipulation of the patient is carried out only after stabilization of his condition.

Self-gastric lavage of the house

Understanding how to wash out the stomach at home, can significantly improve the symptoms of food or alcohol poisoning. The victim should drink large quantities of water and induce vomiting. Previously carried out some preparation to manipulation. Make a solution for washing, put next to the container (bowl or bucket) for stomach contents. You can now perform gastric lavage in cases of poisoning.

In total, have small portions to drink 5 liters of fluid. In one run used 2 cups, after that should trigger a gag reflex. If it fails, it stimulates pressure on the tongue. This can be done with a swab of medical spatula or simply with his fingers in his mouth. It is important not to try to drink all the liquid at once. To clean the stomach have repeatedly, otherwise the desired effect can not be achieved.

fingers in mouth

The same method used in hospital, if the patient for any reason is unable to swallow the probe. An important detail is great and the multiple number of applicants in the stomach fluid, just induce vomiting by sticking his fingers in his mouth, is not enough. In some cases, such as when the victim drank a strong acid or alkaline solution, can not induce vomiting, as will re-burn of the esophagus. Lavage is only valid through the probe.

Solutions for washing

To Wash out the stomach can be plain boiled water, but it is better to do for these purposes a special solution. Proper preparation will increase the effectiveness of the procedure. The liquid for washing stomach should be slightly warm. The optimum temperature – 25-28 °C. the hotter solution will increase the rate of penetration of toxins through the enlarged vessels. Cold solution may cause spasm.

For washing, you can use the following trains:

  1. Weak saline solution. In 5 liters of warm water dissolve 2 tablespoons of salt. This composition strengthens the contraction of the sphincter, preventing the penetration of toxins in the intestines.
  2. Pink solution of potassium permanganate. The solution should be light, slightly pinkish color. Beforeusing it is filtered to avoid any insoluble particles. The composition has antiseptic and antimicrobial properties.
  3. A Solution of baking soda. In this case, 5 liters of boiled water, take 2 full tablespoons of baking soda.

the liquid for washing stomach

To Prepare these compounds for washing is not difficult, and if the person knows how to wash out the stomach at home, then it should be done before the ambulance came. The sooner the help, the faster the patient will get better. So if it is possible to make the procedure of cleansing the stomach by yourself, you need to use this chance.

Gastric Lavage in a medical facility. Thick tube

The Introduction of a gastric tube for gastric lavage is carried out only by qualified personnel. Thick tube-rubber tube whose length is about 120 cm and a diameter of 1 cm the Device is inserted through the mouth and esophagus into the stomach, then to the free end is attached a funnel and poured the liquid. The amount of irrigation solution is calculated from the weight of the patient. Once introduced per kilogram of weight of 5-7 ml of fluid.

During the infusion of fluid, the physician holds the funnel above the face, and when the solution reaches the mouth of the funnel, down into the container for washing. The manipulation is repeated to produce clean water. The contents of the first portion of washing sent for analysis.

Surgical probe

The Thin probe has 2 varieties: for insertion through the mouth for insertion through the nose. This tool for washing is often used for poisoning children. Kids under the age of 4 months, lavage only do a thin probe through the nose. The solution is injected with a special syringe Janet.

the introduction of a gastric tube

With the introduction of the probe through the nose the patient can talk. The main thing is to make sure that the probe was in the stomach and not into the larynx.

Features of the in children

The Child is not able to understand that the debridement is necessary to facilitate the state or of saving life. The baby jerked and does not interfere with the nurse, it is tightly swaddled or held. The procedure requires an assistant.

The Amount of fluid for a child much less. A single dose of fluid for the newborn – about 50 ml for a six-month old child – 100 ml, for one year old baby – 200 ml.

Fixed bugs

And at home, and in stationary conditions, the gastric lavage technique (algorithm) which is very simple, can be carried out with the following errors:

  1. Give the Victim a momentary large volume of liquid, exposing the input of the sphincter of the stomach and the penetration of toxins in the duodenum.
  2. Check the number entered and the extracted solution.
  3. Compositions for washing prepared with violations. Solutions more concentrated than is permissible, the potassium permanganate is not strained, the temperature is non-standard.

methods of gastric lavage

These errors can degrade the condition of the patient, so the procedure should be treated responsibly.

In a dangerous situation it is important not to panic and to act quickly and confidently. If necessary, an adult should start gastric lavage of the house, even before arrival of physicians. A young child preferably as quickly as possible to hospital, care at home lavage is impossible.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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