Barbiturates: list of drugs, application, and effect

For over a hundred years of medicine known drugs such as barbiturates. List of products containing these substances has been greatly reduced in recent times, because it turned out that they can cause severe addiction and severe side effects. But despite this, still these drugs are used in medicine, however, in the free market can not find them. The reason is that in the mid 20th century had a lot of deaths because of poisoning by barbiturates. Therefore, those whom the doctor prescribes for treatment of these drugs, you need to know what side effects they can cause. In addition, there are modern, more effective and safe medications.

What are barbiturates

These Medications appeared in the early 20th century. A German scientist, Bayer opened a special substance - barbituric acid. Already in 1903, was released for sale first medicine "Barbital" frequently called “Veronal”. By mid-century it was known more than two thousand drugs, which are called "barbiturates". Application in medicine, they were wide: from simple insomnia to anaesthesia. Many have taken these drugs of stress, sleep disorders or just to relax. Some have become dependent on barbiturates, which often ended in death. So in the 70-ies of these drugs disappeared from free sale. Now only in rare instances, some of the barbiturates.

List of drugs

Now remains in use hardly more than a dozen such drugs. There are several groups of barbiturates. Divided by their duration of action. You can select these barbiturates

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- long-term actions: "Barbital”, “Phenobarbital" (known as "Luminal"), “the Barbiturate Sodium”, “Butisol”, and others;

average duration: “Cyclobarbital”, “Barbamyl”, “Aurat”, “Butabarbital”, “Talbutal” and others;

- short (up to 6 hours) action: “The gexobarbitala”, “Pentothal”, “Thiamylal”, “Brevital” and other drugs. They are usually used as intravenous injection, as begin in a few minutes after injection.

What is the effect of barbiturates

Barbituric acid has been used in medicine, as it became clear that it affects the Central nervous system: it blocks the contacts between nerve cells. Therefore, all these drugs have strong sedative, anticonvulsant, small analgesic and hypnotic effect. If you take barbiturates before the anesthesia, they will enhance its effect. Now they are equal to drugs, as the use of not only depresses the nervous system and is highly addictive. The barbiturates can be compared with alcohol. They cause the same euphoria and excitement, often aggression, then strong heavy sleep, after which the person feels depressed and desire to take the drug again. People who use drugs-barbiturates, noted that he felt the relaxation and peace of mind, increased confidence and sociability. It is because of these effects many people become dependent on drugs. You can learn according to the analysis: identify barbiturates in urine. The reasons for this is that the barbituric acid is excreted mainly through the kidneys.

How are barbiturates

It has long been proven that these drugs cause severe drug dependence, often ending in death. But in some cases the patient can help but barbiturates. List of drugs used now in medicine, greatly reduced, but they can only be purchased by prescription. They were Appointed only in extreme cases:

- in case of severe stress.

- a serious nervous disorders;

- at spasms and convulsions;

- to prepare the patient for anesthesia during operations;

- in case of insomnia when not helping other means.

Mainly used barbiturates in epilepsy. But some elderly lonely people use them to soothe. In medical institutions barbiturates are used in the form of intravenous or intramuscular injections, and outpatient treatment may be administered tablets, capsules or candles. Some drugs are part of of other drugs. For example, phenobarbital is the basis of “Sage”. A strong sleeping pill “Phenobarbital” used for the execution of the death penalty or euthanasia in veterinary medicine.

What are side effect

Now largely in medical institutions used barbiturates. List of drugs permitted for use, known only to specialists. It is very easily poisoned by such drugs or to get them into the addiction. If people often use barbiturates, it is possible to learn the following:

- drowsiness, confusion, frequent hallucinations;

the imbalance and uncontrolled movements;

- slurred speech, stuttering;

- decrease in immunity;

- rash and suppurative diseases of the skin;

metabolic disorders and slowing the action of the gastrointestinal system;

- depression, lack of concentration, but sometimes aggression;

- confusion of consciousness and attention disorders.

Dependence on barbiturates

People often use these medicines to calm or struggle with insomnia, sometimes do not suspect that they are fraught with danger. Because now drugs are on a par with the equivalent opium and barbiturates. Dependence is manifested in the need to constantly drink preparations, increasing their dose. It Develops after three months of regular intake. Dependency leads to irritability, inattention, decreased concentration and memory. May experience a variety of neurological disorders: slurred speech, trembling limbs, cramps. After a heavy sleep caused by barbiturates, the person feels full of fatigue. It reduced the pressure, he is experiencing severe headache and nausea, to get rid of this, takes a new dose of the drug. So he gets into a relationship.

Why do people take these drugs

Since become very popular barbiturates. The list of drugs to the mid-20th century, grew to two and a half thousand names. They took those who needed to calm down and forget their problems, who have experienced constant stress and trouble falling asleep. After it became clear that the action of barbiturates is similar to drugs, their use greatly reduced. But now many get them dependent. It is believed that it is often people who hate themselves, who lost interest in life and the need to communicate. And, despite the fact that barbiturates cause the oblivion of heavy sleep and the absence of thought, they remain popular. Often it is because of this people tend to take such drugs. And besides, under their action, the person ceases to feel pain, to experience emotions and relaxes.

Poisoning by barbiturates

The danger of the use of these drugs that can quickly cause overdose of medication. This leads to the fact that a person falls asleep and can not Wake up, because the breathing gradually slows down and death occurs. If the barbiturates in the blood are in a large number, and this can occur when taking normal doses, but in the case of long-term use of the drug is poisoning. A man is dramatically reduced, his face is blue, and the breathing becomes frequent and shallow. Death usually occurs from paralysis of the respiratory system.

Refusal of use of drugs

To get Rid of barbiturates addiction is very difficult. The Withdrawal syndrome often stronger than opium addiction. After a couple of days after stopping the drugs a person feels anxiety, nausea, it hurts insomnia, and seizures. Can occur seizures, bronchospasm or coma. This often leads to death. Observed psychological disorders: a person can not think clearly, there are suicidal tendencies. Therefore, treated this dependency only in a medical facility under the supervision of a physician.

How can I replace barbiturates

In recent times often used such drugs. In many countries, in General, forbidden barbiturates. In any medicines they are used, they do not know everything, so you need to read carefully in the instructions. As for getting rid of insomnia and stress now used safer drugs that rarely cause addiction. Most often it is “Lorazepam" "Diazepam" "Librium" and others. Even more secure are the “new Eyes”, “Treatment”, “Drop St.” and other homeopathic medicines. Alternative chemicals may be herbal teas of mint or motherwort, aromatherapy, apocalyp...