Barotrauma of the ear: symptoms, treatment, consequences

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2018-03-21 14:33:16

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Eardrum, located between the outer ear passage and middle passage. It is a membrane which receives the sound signal. Should also know that the eardrum is sensitive to pressure differentials, as to its increase and to decrease.

Auditory tube maintains the integrity of the eardrum. It looks like the channel that connects the middle ear and the nose. Auditory tube connects with the environment. Due to this structure of organs distributed pressure on the eardrum. The pressure equalized with the external passage and from the middle ear. Thus the eardrum remains intact.

ear barotrauma

In the case of sudden changes in pressure on the eardrum it can injure. Injury it is called "ear barotrauma". Also this problem may occur because of impaired patency of the auditory tube.

Why is happening

As mentioned above, barotrauma of the ear is due to the fact that there is a sharp pressure on the membrane. The sharp jump in pressure can occur for the following reasons:

  1. Diving into water, or, on the contrary, surfacing.
  2. The Rapid gain of height. Barotrauma of the ear often occurs in pilots and astronauts.
  3. Decompression at altitude also leads to membrane damage.
  4. Shock wave from any explosion. For example, in the event of hostilities.
  5. Medical Errors that occur during the examination or treatment of the ear. For example, when pneumomassage.
  6. Often damage the eardrum occur as a result of ailments such as otitis, rhinitis, adenoids, tumors, and hypertrophy of the mucous membrane of the auditory tube. If for some reason the Eustachian tube is not functioning properly, but it is difficult due to its permeability, there is barotrauma of the ear, the symptoms of which are discussed below.

That begins to bother the person with this ailment? Signs

When there is barotrauma, a person feels a strong blow to the head or ear. Further, the ear noise or crackling, also reduced the level of hearing. The General condition of the patient deteriorates.

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ear barotrauma treatment

Barotrauma with a slight tear of the ear, the person may not feel any symptoms. But after a certain length of time the patient appears otitis. It arises from the fact that the injury is the infection.

If the barotrauma is severe, the person experiencing the loss of hearing. Also bleeding may occur, will appear dizziness. People may begin to disorientate in space, there is a possible loss of consciousness.

How to diagnose

If the person is conscious, then it becomes clear what could be the cause of barotrauma. Namely, what circumstances could cause a pressure surge. If the patient does not have bleeding from the external ear canal, the assigned procedures such as otoscopy, or microeconomia. During these procedures, the doctor looks carefully, what is the status of the eardrum. If patient presents with barotrauma of the middle ear, the membrane visible hemorrhage and disruption. The latter can be single or multiple. There are cases when torn only the inner part of the tympanic membrane, then it becomes blue color. This is evident when performing otoscopy. The blue color of the membrane means that the middle ear is filled with blood.

Audiometry

To determine whether the patient has hearing loss or not, he conducted such examination as audiometry.

In the case when the patient is unconscious, and the ear is bleeding, the diagnosis becomes clear. This severe form of barotrauma. In this case, any examination is contraindicated until until resuscitative measures.

Next, in order to exclude or confirm other injuries of the ear, brain and other organs, a person made these types of examinations like ultrasound, x-ray or MRI.

Barotrauma of the ear. Treatment

If barotrauma has a mild nature, then the patient is assigned to anti-anxiety medications, sedative medications, and physical therapy.

barotrauma of the middle ear

If a person has a ruptured eardrum, there is a risk of infection. Therefore, the treatment regimen of the patient will be directed for preventive actions against the occurrence of otitis media. The person appointed by handling the top of the ear and tampons that are soaked in the drug solution containing the antibiotic. On top of the swab with sterile bandage. In addition, the person appointed agents, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and sedative effect.

There are cases when the eardrum is so damaged that the above methods of treatment will not be able to contribute to its restoration. In this case, the patient will be scheduled for surgery. Surgical approach by means of plasticity will allow to restore a damaged membrane.

What preventive measures can prevent a similar problem

There are a number of preventive measures that are able to providethe safety of the tympanic membrane.

  1. When in flight during takeoff and landing, it is recommended to dissolve the candy, chew the gum. Also swallowing provides better patency of the auditory tube.
  2. Also during landing and takeoff it is recommended to keep the mouth open. This will ensure pressure balance. The same method should be used while riding the rides, where there is a sharp lifting and releasing of the person.
  3. When diving to depths you should remember and follow the rules of safety.
  4. If a person has rhinitis or otitis in the ear, it is necessary to implement measures that will contribute to the recovery of the person. It is also recommended to avoid situations with pressure changes in the period of occurrence of the above diseases.

First aid

What to do if a person barotrauma of the ear and paranasal cavities of the nose? How to assist in the case, when there is a dip under the water and a person experiences uncomfortable sensations in the ear, it is congestion? You should stop descent, ascend to one or two meters. Further, should ease the pressure. If you are able to get rid of nasal congestion, you can continue to dive. In the case when the discomfort continues to be present, it is necessary to abort the dive at a depth.

ear barotrauma symptoms

When a person has signs of a ruptured eardrum (which include pain, bleeding and hearing loss), the patient needs to make a dressing. In any case it is impossible to vysmarkivatsya. Next, you should refer the patient to a medical facility. There he was examined by the doctor will do necessary examination and prescribe a course of treatment. The course of treatment will depend on the severity of the injury.

You Should know that even with a slight damage of the tympanic membrane are not permitted treatments such as baths, lavage of the upper ear, ear blowing pipe. These rules should be observed during the first two days after the incident. If recreational activities have the desired effect, in a few weeks the body is fully restored. Hearing loss will not be.

Consequences

If a person has a barotrauma of the ear, the consequences of what could be? Now a look. If the person does not cure barotravmu not taken any action for the recovery of the organism may appear complications. Usually there is an inflammatory process that goes into otitis media.

barotrauma of the ear and paranasal cavities of the nose

There may arise such disease as baroota. For a given ailment in the ear fluid accumulates. This condition leads to the presence in the ear constant noise. Also the person loses the hearing and there is a feeling of fullness of the ear with water. Treatment of baratita similar to the treatment of barotrauma. In this disease the person cannot be vysmarkivatsya, since this process takes place the pressure on the ear. It is also not recommended to do sharp movements. The fact that bismarckiana and sudden movements can lead to infection in the middle ear.

Barotrauma of the ear from impact

There are mechanical damage to the ears. These include injury, bite or injury. If we talk about injury of the tympanic membrane, they may occur due to several reasons. For example, can lead to direct damage of the tympanic membrane.

ear barotrauma consequences

As a rule, it occurs when cleaning the ear with a cotton swab and accidental push. In addition, there are cases when the ear drum may be damaged due to accidental touch of the branches when walking or running. It can also occur when you attempt to extract a foreign body from the ear. Also, this injury, as a longitudinal fracture of the temporal part, leading to rupture of the tympanic membrane.

Home Treatment

What can be done to a man, whose ear barotrauma? Treatment at home what can be done?

barotrauma of the ear from the blow

You Should know that you must first assess the severity of such injuries. If the ear barotrauma is severe, you should not self-medicate. Then you need to go to a medical facility for professional help.

There are Also several popular methods of treatment of the ear. In order to cope with pain in the ear, you can use tincture of propolis. It is an oil-alcohol base.

Another folk remedy is the onion. In Luke it is deeper and filled with caraway on top of the follicle closes a crumb of bread. Onion then baked. After this is squeezed out the juice, which is dug ear.


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BE: https://tostpost.com/be/zdaro-e/6466-baratra-ma-vuha-s-mptomy-lyachenne-nastupstvy.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/gesundheit/6466-barotrauma-des-ohres-symptome-behandlung-folgen.html

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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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