Welding of metal: types, technology

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2018-03-22 17:50:15

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Those who operate the various mechanisms are sometimes faced with the need to perform welding on surface of parts in a particular place. Broken fasteners, worn in the process of operation of the part partially or completely, edge, worn bushing. Each of these cases involves the recovery of the part using surfacing a new solid layer of metal on the worn area. This treatment allows not only to recover but also give details of the new, more valuable properties. For example, by welding with the carbide layer on the basis of parts of mild steel, you can get the item with a high durability or other performance characteristics.

metal Surfacing

This most simple, but at the same time effective way is suitable not only for restoration suitability (health) of metal parts. With welding metal electrode can modify the sample, giving it a shaped especially to enhance the properties of the surface layer, work on strength and durability.

Features and terminology: focus on the concept of "surfacing"

What is the secret of this technology, what features it has and how to implement it in everyday life, we try to understand together. Industrial technologies the reader is hardly interested in, especially with the use of robotic machines. Because then we will understand the characteristics of the welding metal by hand, i.e. by means of electrodes for welding.

In everyday life, a metal a person may have in mind, and the alloy, for example, steel. If the verbal these names can be summarized that the use of technology for a particular metal/alloy and the working parts are different.

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To Consider the subject in detail is simply unrealistic due to the volume of the material, because when you begin to familiarize with this process, please check first the details of working with metal type selected. Everything we offer you in the article - recommendations when carrying out welding.

welding metal welding

In General, the weld metal has similarities with welding, it will not hurt to get acquainted with the latest technologies applied to the processing of metals and alloys: copper, aluminium, cast iron, stainless steel and other in terms of the specifics of the proposed operation.

Under the cladding imply a combination of metals of dissimilar character by a single application of a molten metal onto the surface of another. The filler material is called the one that is applied, the main – subjected to a surface treatment by a technique of welding metal.

Technological features of the procedure

The interpenetration of the melted metals into each other takes place at the level of molecules.

For this surface layer is basically heated to the degree of melting at a shallow depth, and an additive to a liquid state.

The advantages of metal welding welding include the ability to control layer thickness and the application of additives to the sample regardless of its form.

Welding cutting

The name of the alloy derives from the English words mix and the terminology is used as a homogeneous connection. Key features of alloy include increased reliability, since the mechanical impact readability metals separation to the original state.

Basic rules of afloat

Points basic rules of welding metal.

The depth of the melt the upper layer of the main part should be minimal. To achieve this effect with the elementary slope of the electrode is performed in the direction opposite to its direction of motion.

With a minimum of mixing of dissimilar metals residual voltage is reduced, which eliminates the risk of deformation of details in some areas.

During the procedure follow the amount of additives, because its excess can lead to complications in further work, accompanied by even more work and deadlines.

Technology afloat by means of electrodes

Before starting work, carry out pre-treatment of metal, which consists of two phases: Stripping and degreasing.

Rules of the surfacing metal

Welding of metal electrode - the most common method of obtaining a homogeneous layer. The simplicity of the technology makes it basic to use and in production and at home.

The Electrode with a special coating pick on the basis of the objectives pursued treatment. This choice also depends on the type of metal from which the melted base. Depending on the brand of the obtained electrode layer acquires the desired characteristics.

Welding of metal electrode

Connection diagrams-forward or reverse. The second option is used more often as it is welcoming. To work you need constant voltage “+” on the coated electrode.

Procedure

Shaped features and the thickness of the layer depend on the cross section of the electrode. To ensure the quality of fusing, voltage and amperage of the arc should be kept to a minimum, but this requires the correctapproval. Practical skills are acquired through experience and further the cause working difficulties.

Surfacing: little secrets

Increasing the voltage in the rumen begins to increase not the volume and a width that increases arc length. Each of the types of electrodes their characteristics of use. For example, do you know how important it is to pre-heat the basis? When working with allergenic steel such condition to observe is not always necessary. In what mode is best to cool the part? And what current level to set? All the technological details of surfacing are noted in the accompanying documentation for your chosen type of electrode. As for the quality of surfacing, it increases with temperature warming up, the value of which for all types of electrodes is approximately the same and amounts to + 300 ºC. Conducting works associated with the surfacing of the house, will have to get dermopathy, for example, electrical chamber.

Features plasma deposition of metal

Durable practically inseparable under any pressure nodes are produced via plasma deposition. With the help of this treatment every one to undergo the goods acquires the necessary dielectric, thermal, physical and other properties. In other words, the products are hardened in the process of surfacing. Metal cutting and processing is done using a special cutter with a hot plasma stream.

Technology of welding of metals

Products manufactured using welding plasma arc, characterized by wear resistance, heat resistance, has acid resistance, etc.

Compared with the welding using the electrode of the plasma welding has several advantages, but can only be used in a production environment. To mount a custom install and purchase the equipment for these units house at least an expensive pleasure. Therefore, I once again consider whether there is a need to obtain a tool for occasional use in the home or a place for a good old application of electrode that will be more profitable in financial terms, but not the worst option.

Hardfacing joints and their types

To obtain high-quality coverage of basic parts another alloy, start laying the next scar on the opposite side of the product. The layers are superimposed, not sequentially (one after another), and arbitrarily-on one, then on the other. The use of such technology welding metal will help avoid partial deformations in case of overheating.

Welding seams, depending on the technology and purpose are divided into several categories.

Depending on the type of workpiece using one of the schemes of the location of scars:

  • Helix formed from a homogeneous alloy cylinders;
  • The number of circles of closed type that are created from the weld scarring;
  • Located along the generatrix of the metal touches.

The first of the methods often work when working in conditions of mechanized production. Because to delve into this process will not. Other methods of machining flat and three-dimensional parts will explore in more detail, examining their specificity and scope.

The Seams for flat surfaces

In processing the planes using one of the technologies of application homogeneous layer: narrow or wide scars, a continuous layer. Take a look at these types of surfacing metal.

Narrow hatch

Method of application – narrow scars. They are placed with an overlap of about 1/3 of the entire length of the seam.

Application wide rollers

Technique of treatment with a wide smooth rollers is perpendicular to the movement of the electrode relative to the axis of the surfacing. At the same time perform oscillatory movements, the configuration of which are selected based on the volume of the main part.

Plasma welding of metals

Combined surfacing

The Use of combination treatment would be appropriate in cases when it is required to obtain a continuous homogeneous layer. To do this, the overlap produces narrow scars that are located apart at a distance slightly less than their width. After applying the first layer, conducted a sweep of the foundations, getting rid of toxins, and the remaining void put another layer of molten metal.

Cylindrical surface

In addition to the above, use another popular technology of welding with electrodes – in a protected gas atmosphere. The treatment principle is simple. She's actually in another – the acquisition of the container, seasoned with a special gas mixture of argon, helium, or any other depending on the type of filler material used in surfacing. This option is best suited for a small home workshop.

Although the purchase of a gas cylinder to work with metals at home is unlikely to be appropriate. With his hands it is easier to perform the welding by means of electrodes so as we covered in the article.

I hope that here you found all the answers to your questions, understand the concept of the process and figured out how to correctly perform the welding at home.


Article in other languages:

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/hatn-tul-nasc/13290-napla-k-metalu-v-dy-tehnalog-ya.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/gem-tlichkeit/13297-aufschwei-en-von-metall-arten-technik.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/la-comodidad-del-hogar/13305-el-metal-de-aporte-de-soldadura-tipos-tecnolog-a.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/domashniy-uyut/13294-bal-ytu-metall-t-rler-tehnologiyasy.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/komfort-domu/13287-napawanie-metalu-rodzaje-technologia.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/o-aconchego-do-lar/13280-surfacing-metal-tipos-tecnologia.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/domashniy-uyut/13296-metal-y-zey-bir-t-r-teknoloji.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/domashn-y-zatishok/13290-naplavlennya-metalu-vidi-tehnolog-ya.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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