Walls of the blocks with their hands. The technology of a laying of walls from blocks

In the construction of residential houses and buildings for other purposes it is now customary to use different materials, including blocks, made from a gas-, foam-concrete and gas silicate. Before you can use one of the listed materials, you should familiarize yourself with the technology of the performance of masonry walls.

Work on the masonry aggregate concrete products

Each master before manipulation before laying the walls need to know how the formation of angles, alignment products, as well as what constitutes technology. The first step is to shut the solution, and also to drive him to the point of work. Most often this material is used, the ratio of cement and sand 1 to 4. However, everything will depend on what kind of cement for masonry you plan to use.

Technique works

The walls of aggregate concrete blocks with their hands involves the formation of stitches, the width of which should be equal to about 1 centimeter. When installing the first row need to carefully follow the alignment of the products vertically and horizontally, it is then possible to obtain a smooth installation. All horizontal and vertical joints must be coated with a solution to avoid gaps.

Opening Window

Laying around window opening must be performed horizontally and as carefully as possible, this is especially important for aesthetic appearance. Use only building level to verify the correct positioning of products will not be enough. You need to prepare a plumb line, which is a homemade device out of the thread and heavy object. This will determine how well vertically was exposed to the product.

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Expert Advice

Under the condition when the walls of the blocks made by myself, then after will be ready the first row, you need to pull the conventional cord, which will act as a level for laying the remaining blocks. The rope should have good tension, it is necessary to eliminate the sagging in the middle.

Laying should start from the corners. Only then the master can start forming the walls. It is important to observe the ligation products from the previous close. The minimum distance between the vertical seams of adjacent rows may be equal to the limit from 10 to 20 centimeters.

Reinforcement of the walls of the blocks

The walls of the units must involve the reinforcement used for reinforcement. For this you need to stock up on masonry mesh or rebar, the diameter of which is 6 to 10 millimeters. To put these elements every four rows. Some experts recommend the use of fiberglass reinforcement that allows you to save on shipping. In addition, this material reduces heat loss in the walls. Internal and external wall experts advise to lay at the same time as the septum, providing a ligation of the angles and reinforcement. If this is for a number of reasons to do are not possible, the dressings should make the chase, releasing reinforcing mesh in areas where then supposed to put an internal wall. On top of the wall, which is deposited from expanded-clay concrete blocks, you need to provide nets of reinforced concrete. It is important to consider that it will have a higher conductivity compared to lightweight aggregate concrete hollow blocks. Therefore, the master should provide space for insulation of the wall.

Tips on laying aggregate concrete blocks

If you will be masonry blocks, you do not need to do too thin seams in the case where the size of the products is not sustained. The thickness can reach 10 mm, whereas a thin seam may adversely affect the roughness of the wall. If the work you produce without assistance, before laying the next row, it is desirable to arrange the blocks on the previous row so that they do not interfere to impose the solution on the surface. This will greatly speed up the process. Walls of the blocks should not assume too strong blows to the products to align their situation. If we are talking about core products, you can easily damage them, because they are fragile. During the work on laying of walls will certainly need half of the blocks, maybe a quarter. If you have no experience of the cleavage products, it is best for cutting tires to prepare the car.

Masonry with the use of gas-silicate blocks

Gas Silicate blocks are versatile, they can be used to build internal, external walls and partitions and bearing walls. Installation work is prohibited in rainy weather,as the cellular structure of the products will accumulate moisture, and the temperature difference will lead to the deterioration of masonry. To prepare the solution you will need to prepare a plastic bucket, a special nozzle on a drill and electric hand drill. For applying the solution you will need a trowel, it is advisable to have several, each of which must have different width. Walls of silicate blocks involves their alignment in relation to other products, this is customary to use a building level, a rubber hammer, the latter of which can replace hardwood. For processing blocks will need a planer, a tool for making grooves, soft brush, saw, layout square, drill. In the process of laying will need a dry adhesive mixture and a cement-sand mortar.

Instructions for installation of gas silicate blocks

If you will be the walls of silicate blocks, before starting work it is necessary to make waterproofing the surface. On the site of the future location of the first row should be laid a layer of roofing material, which is fixed on a cement-sand mixture. The layer of mortar should be laid over the roofing material. It will be the first row of blocks. In such a mixture ratio of cement and sand shall be 1 to 3. This solution can be used to further the masonry, however, the thickness should not be larger than 20 millimeters. The surface of the block is moistened for better adhesion, if there is enough dry weather. Experts recommend the use of special adhesives, as if to increase the thickness of the seam, it could cause additional heat loss.

Technology works

The Technique of laying blocks is the same as was described above. After the corner boards are in place, they need to carefully align, and then you can continue to work in accordance with the guides set earlier. For external walls the guides need to set in advance the perimeter of the walls, setting the pegs at a distance of 2 meters from each other. Between them stretched the rope. If we are talking about the inner wall, the construction is carried out from one of the side walls. You will need to carry out in advance a marking on the surface of the floor and walls with a tape measure and level, abandoning the laying of waterproofing. After it is installed side block, on the side of the products will need to apply a special glue. From irregularities on the horizontal surface can be removed with a trowel, and the remaining garbage-type fragments of blocks or dust should be removed with a soft brush.

Preparation of silicate glue

If you use a glue with good adhesion level, you will be able to provide a minimum thickness of the seam, which should not be more than 3 millimeters. This can be called the undoubted advantage of this material, as you will be able to improve the insulating characteristics of the finished walls. In addition, silicate adhesive has a sufficiently high strength that allows you to use it during other works, for example, when laying foam or aerated concrete, and for decoration of interior and exterior wall tiles. If you will be masonry walls of the blocks with their hands, the adhesive composition can be prepared by pouring water in a clean plastic bucket. Then add the dry mixture, the composition was well stirred using an electric drill with a nozzle. Stirring should be low speed until, until you succeed to achieve homogeneity. It is important to maintain the ratio of liquid and dry mixture, which must be specified in the instructions to the product. From different manufacturers this figure may vary. In order to avoid solidification of the composition in the bucket in the process of the work, it is recommended to prepare a small portion. As soon as you start the walls will be able to understand what amount of the finished composition, you will be able to develop until it solidifies. Everything will depend on the speed of operations.

Laying the subsequent rows

The overall technology of masonry walls made of blocks of different materials do not differ. Once you complete laying the first row, you can proceed to the second. The adhesive must be applied on a horizontal surface with a trowel. Then placed the first block. The solution is then applied on the lateral surface of the first products on zonal basis. The second row should begin to lay from the corner. However, if in the first row of the first corner piece is begun, a number of its long side to the right in the second row, the first block should go long side to the left. This will give the whole structure strength. The procedure and technology of laying of gas silicate blocks are the same as with ordinary brick. However, these works much easier due to the small weight and dimensions of products.

The Technology of laying of concrete blocks

If you will be laying of walls from foam blocks, the first row should be laid on a cement-sand mortar which is applied a layer of 3 cm on the waterproofing surface. Laying the next row should be made not earlier than 3 hours after the completion of the first row. You can use as a mortar, and a special composition. The thickness of the seam of the future should not begreater than 5 millimeters. Walls of concrete blocks produced according to the same procedure. Styling window openings should be used hollow concrete blocks, which have a U-shaped form. They should be placed associated rebar, and then pour the concrete. The bars are placed in special channels, which are cut in blocks. If none exist, then you can use the grinders or wall chasers for this. Before laying the slabs necessary to build concrete nets, whose height should be 20 centimeters.

The walls of the ceramic blocks is also produced by a similar method. You have to remember that mortar should be prepared in small portions. If you use a special glue, to produce it will be necessary for 15 minutes after cooking. As the optimal temperature for styling foam blocks is the range from +5 to +25 degrees. If the weather is hot, the surface of the concrete blocks it is recommended to periodically moisten. Walls of aerated concrete blocks also must be done using a construction level and plumb. The only way you can ensure the evenness of the walls. Cement or glue is best applied with a special brush, this will make the stitches more even and thin. Excess solution can be removed with conventional construction trowel.

Conclusion

The Technology of masonry walls of aggregate concrete blocks is no different from the techniques that were described above. In all cases, it is important to take care of the invoicing of products horizontally and vertically, this will ensure the reliability and evenness of the future walls.