Homemade engine: purpose, design and operation. How to make the engine

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2018-04-02 22:20:15

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Homemade engine can be manufactured in several ways. Overview let's start with the bipolar or stepper option, which is an electric motor with double pole without brushes. It has DC power, divides a full rotation into equal shares. For the operation of this device will need a special controller. In addition, the fixture design includes a coil, magnetic elements, transmitters, detectors and the control unit with the instrument panel. The main purpose of the unit – the arrangement of the milling and grinding machines, as well as ensuring the work of the various domestic, industrial and transport mechanisms.

self-made engine

Types of motors

Self-made engine can have multiple configurations. Among them:

  • Permanent magnet-action.
  • Combined synchronous model.
  • AC motor.

The Drive with a permanent magnet equipped with the basic element in the rotary part. The operation of such devices based on the principle of attraction or repulsion between the stator and the rotor of the device. Such a stepper motor equipped with a rotary part of iron. The principle of its work lies on the fundamental basis, according to which maximum repulsion is produced with minimal clearance. This contributes to the attraction points of the rotor to the stator poles. Combination devices combine both.

Another option – a two-phase stepper motors type. The device is a simple construction, can have two types of winding, easy to install in the correct location.

Monopolar modifications

Self-made engine of this type consists of a single coil and Central magnetic crane, affecting all phases. Each compartment coil is activated to provide a magnetic field. Since in this scheme the pole is able to operate without the additional switch, the switching path and current direction is a basic device. For standard motor with an average power of missing one transistor, provided in the equipment of each winding. A typical scheme of two-phase motor involves six wires on the output signal and three similar object on the stage.

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how to make the engine

The Microcontroller unit can be used to activate the transistor automatically in sequence. This winding are connected by connecting wires and permanent magnets. In the interaction of the terminals of the coil shaft is blocked to rotate. Resistance between common wire and the end part of the coil is proportional to the same dimension between the ends of the wiring. In this regard, the overall length of the wire two times greater than the coupling half of the coil.

Bipolar

Homemade stepper motor of this type is equipped with one winding phase. The flow of current in it is crucial way by means of the magnetic pole, which causes complication of the circuit. It usually aggregates with a connecting bridge. There are a couple extra wires that are not common. When mixing the signal of such a motor at high frequencies the efficiency of the friction system decreases.

The Generated three-phase counterparts have a narrow specialization. They are used in the design of CNC machines, as well as some in-vehicle computers and printers.

Construction and principle of operation

When the transfer voltage terminals of the brush motor is shown in continuous rotation. The installation of idling is unique, because it converts the incoming pulses in a predetermined position of the existing shaft.

Any switching signal acts on the shaft under a specific angle. This reducer is most effective if the number of magnetic teeth arranged around the Central gear of the iron rod or equivalent. Electric magnets are activated from an external control circuit, consisting of microregulators. To start turn the motor shaft one active electromagnet attracts to its surface the teeth of the wheel. Align them relative to the leading element, they are slightly moved to the next magnetic parts.

mini-engine

In the stepping motor of the first magnet should be included and the next element is-disengaged. As a result, the gear starts rotating, gradually lining with the previous wheel. The process is repeated alternately for the required number of times. Those turnovers and got the name “permanent step”. The rotational speed of the motor can be determined by counting the number of steps for a full revolution of the unit.

Connect

Connecting the mini-engine made with their own hands, is carried out in a specific pattern. Focuses on the number of circuits of the drive, as well as the purpose of the device. Stepper motors can be equipped with 4, 5, 6, or 8 wires. Modification to the four elements of the transaction may exclusively be operated with the bipolar device. Any phase winding has two wires. To determine the required length of the connection in step mode, it is recommended to use a conventional meter that allows you to accurately setrequired parameter.

Testprovider powerful engine provided a pair of wires for each winding and centering the faucet that can connect to a mono or bipolar device. For aggregation with single fixture use all six wires, and a pair of analog will be enough of one wire end and the Central tap of each winding.

the device and principle of work

How to make an engine with their hands?

To create a basic motor you will need a piece of magnet, drill, Teflon, copper wire, microchip, wire. Instead of a magnet you can use unnecessary vibration alert cell phone.

As part of the rotation, a drill, since the tool is optimally suited to the technical parameters. If the inner radius of the magnet does not correspond to the same aspect of the shaft, you can use copper wire, winding it in such a way to remove a backlash of the shaft. This operation gives the possibility to increase the shaft diameter at the point of connection with the rotor.

Further building a homemade motor, you will need to make a sleeve of PTFE. To do this, take the prepared sheet and make a hole with a diameter of 3 mm. Then construct the tube-sleeve. The shaft should be sanded to a diameter providing a free movement. This will avoid unnecessary friction.

Final step

Next is the winding coils. Frame size required is clamped in the Vice. To coil 60 turns, it will take 0.9 meters of wire. After the procedure, the coil is treated with an adhesive composition. Best of all, this delicate procedure is carried out with a microscope or magnifying glass. After each dual winding implement a DAB of glue between the bushing and the wire. One edge of each coil are soldered among themselves, which will give the opportunity to a single node with a pair of outputs that are soldered to the chip.

stepper motor

Technical Parameters

Mini-engine made with their own hands, depending on design features, can have different characteristics. Below are the options for the most popular stepper versions:

  1. Stepper motor-1-has a 15 degree steps, has 4 phases and a torque of 40 NT.
  2. PP-0.04 A-step is 22.5 degrees, phase-4, revving – 100 NT.
  3. DSHI-200 – 1.8 degree; 4 phase; 0,25 NT of torque.
  4. DS-6 – 18/4/2300 (values are stated by analogy with the previous parameters).

Knowing how to make engine at home, you need to remember that the speed indicator torque stepper motor will be transformed is directly proportional to the same current value. The linear decrease in torque at higher speeds depends on drive circuit and the inductance of the windings. Motors with degree of protection IP 65 designed for the severe working conditions. Compared to servers, step models work much longer and more productive, not require frequent repairs. However, servomotors are a little different orientation, so comparison of these types does not make much sense.

diesel engine homemade

Make a homemade internal combustion engine

The Motor with your hands can also be done on liquid fuel. It does not require sophisticated equipment and professional tools. The necessary piston pair, which can be taken from the tractor or automotive fuel pump. Cylinder piston sleeve is created by trimming the thickened element of chlef. You should then make holes for exhaust and by-pass window, solder a couple nuts at the top, meant to spark plugs. The type of the elements – M-6. The piston is cut out from the plunger.

Homemade diesel engine will require the installation of the sump. It is tin with a soldered bearings. Additional strength will allow you to create a fabric coated with epoxy resin, which is covered by the element.

The Crankshaft is assembled from thick washer with a couple holes. One of them is necessary to extrude the shaft, and the second extreme socket serves for the mounting studs with the connecting rod. Operation is also done by the method of pressing.

The Final work on the Assembly of improvised diesel engine

The following is the order of Assembly of the ignition coil

  • Is Used item from a car or motorcycle.
  • Set an appropriate candle.
  • Insulators are Mounted, fixed with "epoxy".

self-made stepper motor

An Alternative to the motor system of the internal combustion engine can serve as a contactless motor, a closed, device and principle of operation of which are the reverse exchange of gases. It is constructed from two-piece camera, piston, crankshaft, gear box, ignition system. Knowing how to make the engine with your hands, you can significantly save and get the economy right and useful thing.


Article in other languages:

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/hatn-tul-nasc/5623-samarobny-ruhav-k-pryznachenne-prylada-pryncyp-pracy-yak-zrab-c-ruhav-.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/gem-tlichkeit/5622-selbstgemachte-motor-zweck-struktur-und-arbeitsweise-wie-man-den-motor.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/la-comodidad-del-hogar/5628-improvisado-motor-finalidad-estructura-y-principio-de-funcionamiento-c.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/domashniy-uyut/5625-oldan-zhasal-an-oz-alt-ysh-ma-saty-rylysy-zh-ne-zh-mys-steu-princip-al.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/komfort-domu/5628-domowe-silnik-przeznaczenie-budowa-i-zasada-dzia-ania-jak-zrobi-silnik.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/o-aconchego-do-lar/5623-caseiro-do-motor-a-nomea-o-o-dispositivo-e-princ-pio-de-funcionamento-.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/domashniy-uyut/5629-ev-yap-m-motor-atama-cihaz-ve-al-ma-prensibi-nas-l-bir-motor.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/domashn-y-zatishok/5627-samorobniy-dvigun-priznachennya-pristr-y-princip-roboti-yak-zrobiti-dv.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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