All methods of growing tomatoes and the advice of the agronomist

One of the favorite vegetables that are grown here, almost every house, – tomato. Often grow tomatoes not just as a Supplement to the home table, but also with the aim of earning. The early tomatoes are always in the price and demand of buyers.

Benefits of tomatoes?

This vegetable is useful for both men and women. Use for the male population is the prevention of prostate cancer, in women, regular consumption of tomatoes in the diet reduces the chance of developing cervical cancer. Tomatoes slow down the development of other cancer cells.

For diabetics (type II) in the diet is recommended to use fresh tomatoes, because they regulate the amount of insulin in the blood.

It Was observed that the regular inclusion of tomatoes in the diet helps to improve overall skin condition, vision. Trace elements, included in this vegetable, help to normalize the digestive and cardiovascular systems.

All of this applies only to vegetables that have been grown without the use of chemical fertilizers.

How to grow

So what are the methods of growing seedlings of tomatoes in the home are used? Key two:

1. Cultivation under the open sky.
2. Growing in greenhouse conditions.

Each of them has its advantages and disadvantages, but consider these conditions of growing seedlings of tomatoes in order.

Growing tomato in greenhouse

In the suburban area grow a variety of crops, more specific choice of what to plant depends on local climatic conditions. Early planting can be beaten night frosts which are frequent even in the beginning of may in many Russian regions. So heat-loving plants such as tomatoes, are best planted in greenhouse conditions. This will ensure that the tomatoes didn't die on stage, seedlings from frost, and in addition, in the greenhouse the temperature is always higher than the average on the street, for ripening tomatoes is one of the most important factors.

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Growing tomatoes in a greenhouse traditionally begins earlier than in open ground. For the middle band is recommended to plant seedlings in early may. The best varieties of tomatoes for growing in greenhouse conditions will be early maturing.

But don't mistakenly believe that growing vegetables in a greenhouse, they do not need to care. In fact, the care must be regular, and most importantly – is correct. Tomatoes should not only run but regularly opryskivatel and ventilated to eliminate the appearance of various diseases.

For watering tomatoes is convenient to use a plastic bucket with a volume of 12 liters, that is how much water is required during the flowering period and the appearance of fruit per 1 square meter. Yourself watering start not earlier than 12 days after planting the tomatoes, and the first time (before flowering tomatoes) they do not give more than 4 liters of water per square meter.

The Frequency of watering is equal to 5-6 days, the soil should not be too wet or dry. You also need to be attentive and to use water for irrigation, its temperature should not be below 22 degrees. Periodically ventilate the greenhouse, you are advised to shake the inflorescence, it is necessary for pollination of plants. The most favorable time for this is midday the heat, so the tomatoes won't overheat (thanks to the ventilation of greenhouses), and at the same time will be the pollination. Don't forget after you shook the flower, spray it with water.

Watch the temperature in the greenhouse itself, the optimum range for tomatoes is 19-22 degrees during the day and at night 16-20 degrees. In the ripening period of tomatoes, the temperature needs to be above a couple of degrees, the maximum height is 27 degrees. These conditions are the cultivation of tomatoes must be adhered to strictly.

To better regulate the temperature in the greenhouse, provide small Windows in its design.

The Choice of a place under the open sky

If you are planning to grow tomatoes outdoors, you need to take a number of protective and preparatory measures. So, since the fall of the chosen area should be added to the compost fertiliser and manure. This will create a nutrient medium for plants, which is a guarantee of a good harvest.

The choice of landing site should be approached carefully, in particular the cultivation of tomatoes in the ground at the same place two years in a row is unacceptable. Also to plant tomatoes after potatoes is not worth it, but where grown cabbage or beans, it is possible.

Well, the last condition - the site should be well publicized, as tomatoes require sufficient light for growth.

Preparing seedlings

The Cultivation of seedlings of tomatoes in the home - it is very troublesome, but interesting. It is important to choose the right planting time, depends on how you have time to grow seedlings at the time of its transfer to the open ground.

So, if you want to grow tomatoes early maturing varieties, planted seedlings should be in the first half of March. But when growinglate maturing and tall varieties, seedlings are prepared in the middle of February.

If you want to grow seedlings of tomatoes were faster, then take care of additional lighting. It is easy to do, just install on the box or cups, planted with the seedling, electric lamp.

The Seeds can be used and / or purchased. But regardless of what seeds are used, they should properly prepare. For this purpose it is better to use a proven method: a 1-percent solution of potassium permanganate decontaminate them, and then another day is kept in wet cloth soaked in water with a solution of Alpin. The seeds are then ready for planting.

In containers for planting poured a specialized soil for tomatoes (it is possible and easy to plant, but seed germination will be less), then at a distance of 3 cm from each other are placed seeds. Press them slightly into the soil, but not bury.

The Favorable temperature for growing seedlings of tomatoes in the home is 22-24 degrees. At lower they will grow worse, and the lack of light will be spindly and thin.

Daylight is a must for tomato seedlings reach 16 hours, and the light to be diffused. Direct sunlight is harmful for your plants!

Watering seedlings and swordplay

Until that moment, until the first leaves the soil near the plants only slightly moist. Further watering is at the root as the soil is drying out.

The Cultivation of seedlings of tomatoes in the home suggests her picks. For this 2-3 days before the intended pick plants heavily watered to saturated with moisture.

The Pick is held in the presence of the plant 2-3 strong leaves. The plant is extracted from the ground, and the tip of the root is trimmed – it will give a stimulus to the growth of the lateral roots.

The Plant is transplanted into a large container to the level of the cotyledons and slightly watered.

Remember that for irrigation can only be used to defend water at room temperature, and in any case not boiled.

Time planting in the ground

Before proceeding to the landing in open ground, is to ensure that the tomatoes grown in the home, ready for it. This is evidenced by several attributes:

• Height of seedlings must be at least 30 cm;
• Plants become visible floral brush;
• On the plants present at the 7-9 leaves.

The time of the transfer of the plant into the soil depends on climatic conditions in the region. For the middle band this is the end of may and the first half of June. If you want to use the film to protect it from frost, can be planted a few weeks earlier.

In Northern regions the time of transplanting into the soil shifted by 2-3 weeks in advance. The right growing tomatoes at home allows you to achieve a good harvest in Siberia, this is done through timely planted seedlings and transfer into the ground, when it passes the risk of night frost.

Care and watering tomatoes

As with greenhouse growing, tomatoes growing in the open ground, require timely and sufficient irrigation. It depends on how the growth and productivity of plants and their resistance to various diseases.

The Optimal rule when watering is considered to be 10 liters per 1 square meter. Water should not be ice, taken straight from the well. It is better to draw water in advance so she could stand.

He watering is in the evening when the sun goes down. Do not water the tomatoes in the day-time heat, as that will only hurt them.

Regularly inspect the tomatoes for the presence of diseases and pests, if necessary, carry out preventive treatment.

Side-shoot removing tomato

No pinching of tomatoes is impossible to achieve a big harvest. Among some gardeners are of the opinion that the process useless, and more branched plant has more power. Most of them tend not to do this because of laziness. Allegedly a large amount of work is performed: tomatoes propisyvayutsya, fed, watered. Unfortunately, they're wrong.

To the process of pinching affected the productivity, you must correctly approach it. The greatest impact this method has on indeterminate varieties, which, in turn, are distinguished by their by tall. Many gardeners prefer such varieties. This is understandable, they are less fastidious, grow faster in the seedling and prefer early planting in the greenhouse. Besides, they are easier to pasynkovat. Remove side shoots can be carried out in the greenhouse from cellular polycarbonate or any other material.

To clarify, verify that the stepson – this is a side shoot that takes a large number of power plants. And the process of pinching involves the removal of these processes.

Recognized stepson easily. It usually is located at the base of the leaves of the main stem. They grow fairly quickly. Do not bring the tomatoes to a complete overgrowing of the main shoot. Excessive vegetation decreases fruiting. Besides, unnecessary leaves accumulate moisture, which will give impetus to the development of Phytophthora.

To start with number of stems,you are going to leave. The best is a single-stemmed variant. For forming a single stem, remove all the shoots and doubles, so that the main stalk is not bifurcated. In the case of abandonment of the stem and one stepson, choose the most suitable process to your look. It is better to leave the one that grew first under the first floral escape. Data stepchildren stronger than the others.

Pinching should be done not less than once in 10 days.

There is trasteverini method of forming. It is the abandonment of the first right and following laterals. If you want to choose this type of pinching, when planting place the maximum distance between them, as they are more branched. Close location to obscure other tomatoes.

I would Also like to note that a side-shoot removing not only accelerates growth, but it also brings the time of fruit ripening. Do not wait for frost and fog, is able to trigger the development of Phytophthora. Time pacenkaite tomatoes so they have time to Mature.

Disease Prevention

The Cultivation of tomatoes, cucumbers and other vegetables always has one thing in common – is the need to protect plants from various diseases and pests.

For tomatoes, the main danger is the late blight, it is often killing young plants. Better to be proactive than trying to cure diseased plants.

For the treatment of plants can be used as a national means-tested, and produced by special medications. The latter, of course, significantly more efficient, but we should not forget that plants absorb a part of them in yourself and send to ripe tomatoes. But consider both methods and how to use it – you decide.

Among the most effective fungicides are:

1. "Ridomil gold". The solution is prepared on the basis that 4 litres of water would need 10 grams of the drug. The season is 4 treatments, the plants sprayed with the resulting solution in dry weather. The first treatment is conducted in the first growing season, the subsequent - at intervals of 10-14 days.
2. "malloc". This drug is considered to be one of the most effective against late blight. One of its characteristics is high resistance to washout, allowing you less likely to treat it with a fungicide. A solution prepared at the rate of 12 grams per 10 liters, treatment is carried out in the first growing season, then repeat in 8-12 days.
3. "the Acrobat of MTS". At the first signs of disease can use this drug. It is prepared thus: in 5 liters of water is dissolved 20 grams of the funds carefully stir. Treating the plants, make a break for two weeks.
4. "Revus". It is also an effective remedy. Used three times: the first time as prevention, and then two more times with weekly intervals. To prepare the solution take 5 ml every 5 liters of water.

There are many other reliable tools to help to get rid of the blight. Dosage and method of use indicated on the package.

Traditional methods of processing of tomatoes

The Methods of growing tomatoes, as their processing may be different, but they have one goal – to get a good harvest and to prevent the development of diseases. Making it with folk remedies, you don't just save the harvest, but it will be environmentally friendly. But we all want to eat tasty and healthy food.

For preventive purposes we recommend to use the following composition: take 1 liter of whey per 10 liters of water, add 25 drops of iodine. Mix and spray this mixture leaves from the moment of their landing, also this solution is also suitable for irrigation.

Have Long used a solution of ash. Take half bucket of ash, pour water and leave for three days. Then the mixture was diluted 1: 3 with water and are sprayed. For the season the procedure is repeated three times: first, within 2-4 days from the time the cultivation of tomato in soil, second before flowering and for the last time when the image of the ovary.

Effective is garlic. Take 1.5 Cup minced garlic 1 bucket of water, insist night and before processing add 2 grams of potassium permanganate. The procedure is performed in the period of the appearance of the ovaries on the plants.

A Good preventive effect to the neighborhood of tomatoes with garlic, Basil, onion and savory. In this planting is the risk of pests and fungal diseases is greatly reduced.

Fertilizer Application

With regard to the use of mineral and other fertilizers, they greatly improve the yield of tomatoes. But at the same time we should not forget that any chemical trace element enters the plant and accumulates in them. So grown tomatoes contain chemical elements in large concentrations, and they will not differ from those you see on store shelves.

But if you want to grow tomatoes on an industrial scale, without fertilizer you cannot do.

Soil Preparation begins in the fall, dug it first and make 400 grams of superphosphate and potassium chloride for every 10 square meters. The application depth is 30 cm.

If you fall do not have time, you can fertilize in spring –use nitrophosphate based 600 grams per 10 meters.

Traditional methods a well-established manure compost and ash (1.5 spoonfuls of ash for 1 bucket of compost, fertilizers are applied in furrows and in the pits and landings).

There are other methods of growing tomatoes at home, each has its advantages and disadvantages. The above-described methods for growing the most optimal work and potential yield.