How to make a railing?

One of the varieties of protective structures is railing. It is a tight between the vertical posts, the rope, which serves to protect the person from falling or penetration into the territory at risk. This concept came to us from the Netherlands in the early 18th century. In the Dutch language, the word “rail” comes from the verb leiden – to lead.Originally this term was used exclusively in shipbuilding. Here he stood for the rope attached to the ship's structures, designed to prevent people falling overboard or in the bilge. Gradually, with the development of technologies such as fencing began to be applied in private construction, and to protect roads, and in many other spheres of human activity.

Varieties of rope barriers

Rails is classified according to several characteristics. So, depending on the location of the enclosing structure can be internal and external. The first are installed inside the premises, and the second – on the street, which they have to meet higher requirements of reliability and security.

According to the functional purpose of the structures are safety, protective, warning, and guide. What is their purpose, it is clear from their definitions. The main material of manufacture of such structures is metal-stainless steel, aluminum, iron. Railing can be designed as a flexible horizontal jumpers (cables, ropes) and rigid.

Recommended

The most effective methods of seed germination

Despite the fact that the method of seedling in vegetable production is a very time consuming process, it is used by most gardeners. Planting seeds in open ground is an easy and convenient method, but it is effective only in certain climatic zones. I...

Retro-reflective paint. The scope of

When the vehicle began to fill the road, their popularity began to gain reflective paint. Thanks to this paint, as drivers and pedestrians becomes much easier to avoid accidents in the dark. Purpose paint Reflective paint – paint material, whic...

How to make icon with your own hands - options izgotovleniya (simple and complex)

In Soviet times, many collecting badges, emblems, pennants. To get them was not easy. And today, thanks to technology, you can make them yourself. Knowing how to make icon with your own hands, and you can make original gifts to your friends, and make...

Scope

Much more important division of rail structures in scope, because of their use depends on the function of the device, reliability requirements and other factors. According to this criterion, all lifelines are:

• Ship – assault (hold on to them during the strong pitching) and rescue (located at the lifeboats);
• Roofing & ndash; designed to protect people from falling both during construction and repair works, and after entering the building in operation;
• Decorative – are used to improve the aesthetic performance of buildings;
• Balcony and stair – perform as a protective and decorative function;
• Road – railing can be seen on areas with steep slopes, curves and other dangerous places.

Railings can also be stationary and transient, which are installed only during a particular type of work.

Security and height

After installation, regardless of scope, all enclosing constructs are tested for stability. Each horizontal jumper wire (rope) applied load 400 N/m. If the guard rails will perform a safety function, the magnitude of the force is increased to 700 N/m.

Design experience and impact, lifting 100 kg by 1 meter from the surface of the earth. The displacement of the structure under the action of any force from the design position shall not exceed the prescribed limits (1-5 %).

The height of the guard rail depends on the application. For buildings with height more than 10 mm installation rail structures is mandatory. Their height may be:

• Safety barriers – at least 110 cm;
• In the role of the signal-not less than 80 cm;
• On unexploited roofs – at least 30 cm.

The Height is governed by the regulations, in particular GOST 12.4.059-89 and GOST 5.2124-81, which describes the specifications and characteristics.

Guard Rails in large-scale models

The Design of rail structures is a daunting task, not only for construction of roads, ships, buildings, but also for collectors of scale models. Rope barriers are an essential part of any sailboat or frigates – the most popular vehicles among collectors. Therefore, the question of how to make a railing that will remain relevant for a long time.The First thing you need – to find the appropriate materials and tools. The best racks to use copper or brass wire thickness 0,6-0,8 mm. you Can use the materials of iron, as well as special copper-coated welding wire – it all depends on your imagination and budget.

As the main working tool it is better to use tontogany with grooved ends, combined with the side cutters. To manipulate the wire was easier, and point out lip tool grinder or a file.

Manufacturer stands

The Knowledge of how to make a guard rail for the model, it may be necessary not only in the design of the “boat”, but the construction of large-scale copies of buildings. The height of the walling depends on the kind of layout that you create. But to cut a piece of wire with a margin of 8-10 mm – one edge is embedded into the design for a secure fit, and the other bent to fasten a rope.The Hooks do 1-2 mm in length. the Bottom edge of the stand treated with sandpaper, to become perfectly smooth – depends on the vertical position of the rack. To secure the lower end of the rod is treated with instant glue and leave to dry. After “Moment” dry, small stands can be ordinary PVA glue.

Vehicle Layout

We Must strive to rails models just repeated the walling of the original object. For the precise layout of the site will need a few tools-a template, an awl and a ruler. As a template you can use a wooden block whose length is equal to the height of the stand. He needed to bury the rails at the same depth.

Awl has to be thin – 6-8 mm in diameter. If you can not find anything like this in stores, it can be done independently. To do this, break off the lug and the tip of the needle, after which one of the edges sharpen. Handle is build from solid wood-oak or birch.

Before piercing the holes with a ruler supply point where in the future there will be a rail. So you will be able to check their work and correct if necessary.

Legging

Installation of a cable railing on the ship is practically no different from installing structures on a building model – the only change their height, the distance between the elements and horizontal jumper (it is made of a rigid material). On any photo you can see that is the roof railing. The photo below also demonstrates that.

A hole, you can start to consolidate racks. On the bottom edge (5-7) stud, apply a little glue, then soak it in the hole. By this time, the fiber of the tree can have time to straighten up, causing the diameter of the channel is somewhat narrower. In this case, two options are possible:

1. If your presets have sufficient rigidity, you might just score them with a wooden hammer, clenching his middle tonkokostny.
2. Stand made from soft material, it is better to immerse them a rotational movement or tapping.

To Expand the hole not recommended, as the amount of residual deformation may be too large – guard railing will hang, or will remain big gaps.

Mounting rails

Once the glue has dried and the rack are securely fastened, you are ready to install the rails. As such, it is possible to use a thin string, wire or thin woven cord. If you build a model house, use a stiff wire.

Assembling the ship, the first thread stretch at the edge of small stands, mimicking thereby the small side. Then stretch the thread at the middle level. In this case the fiber has one time to go around each vertical rod. At the end of the pass the thread through the previously made hooks, and then flatten them strongly. The sequence and method of work will not change if you use thin wire.Once you have tapered the last hook, you can align the entire structure. Take a look – the items must be on the same level and in plan and in profile, and have the same height. Aligning the design, brush the base stands with an additional layer of glue for better fixation. After that, we can assume that ready your railing. GOST will not be able to find fault with your model, and the audience will just love it.