Where is the Palace of Oldenburg? Photos and history

One of the main attractions, the pride of the Voronezh oblast — the Palace of Oldenburg. It has an interesting history, inextricably linked with the fate of some representatives of this dynasty. However, many Voronezh citizens had never seen the Palace of Prince of Oldenburg in Gagra, which is no less picturesque. In the Soviet period it housed a well-known sanatorium “Rock”. Both constructions in the 90s suffered years of merciless plunder, and only recently they began to reconstruct.

The Oldenburg house in Russia

This dynasty is of German origin, and its representatives have reigned in several European countries. Few know that the assertion that Russia was ruled by the Romanovs, not quite true. In fact, since the accession to the throne of Peter the Third, and until 1917, the country was in possession of the Holstein-Gottorp line of the house of Oldenburg. In addition, many members of this dynasty had important positions. For example, for many years in Novgorod, Tver and Yaroslavl Governor General was George of Oldenburg, married to the sister of the Emperor Alexander the First. He distinguished himself during the Patriotic war of 1812 and administrative work. His son Peter Georgievich of Oldenburg was a close friend of Emperor Alexander II, has held important positions and was a well-known philanthropist.

Her family's Tradition was continued by Alexander Petrovich of Oldenburg — member of the State Council, the organizer of the centralized epidemics and initiator of Foundation of the Institute of experimental medicine and his younger brother Constantine. Being the youngest sibling in his family, he left the capital and lived in the Caucasus, developing Spa and viticulture.

Princess Eugenia of Oldenburg Maksimilianovna

The woman known as one of the few members of the fairer sex who were awarded with a medal «For excellent service to the Fatherland in the field of charity and education”.

Eugene Maksimilianovna Romanov was the granddaughter of Nicholas I and great-granddaughter of Napoleon's wife Josephine (son from her first marriage to eugène Beauharnais). At the age of 23 years she married Prince Alexander Petrovich of Oldenburg and bore him a son.

Eugene Maximilianovna was a Trustee of many scientific and charitable societies. Among its actions for the benefit of the mills has been the creation of a wide network of children's art schools for boys from class of artisans and the publication of postcards with reproductions of paintings of the capital's renowned museums. In addition, it was said today, was engaged in business. Their talents in this field, she began to show after in 1879 Alexander II gave her the estate of Ramon.

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Palace of Princess of Oldenburg in Ramon

Having Moved to Voronezh province, Eugene Maksimilianovna decided to convert his property, to make it a model and build comfortable home for your family.

The project of the Palace (present address: city Ramon, School street, 21) was commissioned to the architect Christopher Neisler, and in 1883 work began on its construction. It lasted 4 years, followed by a gala housewarming party, which was attended by many important guests of the capital.

Description

The Palace of Princess of Oldenburg red brick was erected on the edge of the cliff. It is built in fashion at the time, but unseen in the Voronezh province of the Gothic revival style with pointed towers and Windows are highlighted in white. Its walls are massive enough and have a meter thick.

The Entrance gate decorated with a tower on which was mounted a large clock ordered in a famous British company «winter». The building itself has excellent acoustics, which amplified the ringing of bells.

Decor

To create a refined design of the exterior of the building were attracted by the Smiths, which was decorated with balconies, wrought-iron fence, and also created twisted iron gates.

In addition, the glass roof of the East terrace wove the finest tin wire in the form of a web which was supposed to prevent the cracking of the glass due to hitting random items.

The castle was a small fountain. Even more interesting was landscaping the back yard. It stone stairs led to an artificial picturesque grotto and copper statue fairy fishes, spewing jets of water.

Interior

The Oldenburgsky Palace in Ramon at the time was impressed by its interior decoration and comfort. In particular, he was perfect for that time of the heating system: in the walls created a special voids through which heat from a single furnace located in the basement, passed through the castle.

On the second floor led oak staircase in 2 turns. The height and the depth of her steps calculated so that it was convenient to climb the ladies in long dresses.

As outside, the Oldenburgsky Palace in Ramon the inside was decorated with wrought-iron lanterns, pedestals and chandeliers. Ceilings, walls and columns were trimmed in dark stained oak. The Princess took an active part in the decoration of the librarythe ceiling which the hexagons were lined with drawings based on Greek myths and the heraldic symbols of the kind of Oldenburg.

The Estate

Talking about the Palace of the Princess of Oldenburg, not to say a few words about what changes were made to this amazing woman in his vicinity. In particular, and to this day, local residents use the railway line the count-Ramon. A Princess was founded by the confectionery factory, which used steam engines and electricity. Came electricity in public institutions and enterprises, etc. With the participation of Oldenburg from Europe were imported into Russia, and running in a fenced forest area with the purpose of breeding and 11 deer. Later they became the progenitors of herds of these animals living in the Voronezh state biosphere reserve.

The Palace of Princess of Oldenburg: history

It has Long been observed that architectural structures have their own destiny. Here is the Oldenburgsky Palace in Ramon've seen in my lifetime a lot. After a short heyday in 1917, it left the former owners, who emigrated to Canada. His estate they have entrusted to the Manager Koch, who did everything to line their pockets, and ran away. With the 20-ies of the Oldenburgsky Palace was used as barracks, schools, hospitals, plant, etc.

According to legend, the building was not damaged during the war, as the German command did not want to destroy the estate that belonged to the offspring of the well-known German aristocratic dynasty.

In the 1970s, were first considered projects of its restoration. However, no effective steps in this direction had been made.

Current state of the Palace

In March 2014, the Voronezh region government approved the concept of reconstruction of the Palace complex, involving the restoration of the landscape and placement inside the building of Museum exhibitions. While one of the buildings of the estate “House with corbels” is expected to provide investors for their projects.

Some work has already been done. In particular, tourists who have recently visited the Palace of Princess of Oldenburg (correct name without mentioning the title of the owner), in their reviews usually say that the estate is given in order to landscape the Park and the building itself looks very good. However, many people are dissatisfied with its internal state, which never reached the hands of restorers.

A. P. Oldenburg

The Husband of Eugenia Maximilianovna (Alexander p.) was around by becoming his wife. The list of his deeds for the good of the Fatherland will occupy not one page. In 1890 he decided to engage in the creation of a resort zone, as it was decided to talk climate station in Gagra. According to his idea of Abkhazia was to become a Russian Monte Carlo. Alexander founded the Telegraph, had electric light and running water and created a subtropical College. 9 Jan 1903 in the restaurant «gagripsh” was the official opening of the resort.

Palace of Loon: building and construction

To be able to devote himself to the realization of your project, Prince Alexander decided to build in Abkhazia a house for himself and his family. The Palace of Prince of Oldenburg in Gagra (photo of which are presented in the article) began to be built on the wild rock gorge Fortres, which opened a great view on the Gagra Bay, hotel, Park, Marina, highway from Adler and Bazaar. The creation of the project for the main building and utility extensions were instructed Grigory Ippolitovich Lyutsedarsky. It is believed that the builders tried several times to lay the Foundation for the Palace, but every time it was cracked. Finally, the Prince, advised to contact Iranians a contractor, who for many years lived in Gagra, named Yahya Abbas-oglu. He agreed to take up the matter with his team and successfully coped with all tasks set for it.

The Palace in Gagra: description

Originally on the cliff, two buildings were constructed. First built asymmetrical Western part of the Palace with a large round window, a tall chimney and a panoramic terrace, and a decorative item that depicts the tendril of the vine. Parallel to this, he erected the four-storey part of the Palace. It resembled a small hotel with the first floor looks like a gallery, with the stone pipes and with a lot of living rooms with small balconies of the same type.

Above the Palace remained the top wing with a lookout turret which was used to house servants.

History of the Palace

The Prince with great love belonged to his Abkhaz housing. As in Ramon, the Palace of Oldenburg in Gagra was equipped with all the comfortable life-support systems that existed at the time. He repeatedly visited Nicholas II with his family, the great princes of the Romanovs and family, representing the German branch of the family of Oldenburg.

Sam Alexander in the Palace spent a lot of time. Sometimes it came to visit the son and his wife Olga — the youngest sister of Nicholas II. However, the young coupleOldenburg did not particularly like the Palace in Gagra. So often Alexander had to be content with society of Yevgeniya Maximilianovna, which at that time was paralyzed and could not move independently. By the way, that in his Palace the Prince of Oldenburg learned of the outbreak of the First world war in 1914. He immediately went to St. Petersburg and never returned to his beloved home.

Works of art

Prince Alexander Petrovich has collected in his Palace a rather large collection of paintings. In this collection of paintings were paintings by Aivazovsky, Bryullov, Shchedrin, Levitan, many copies of old masters of the Italian school. Its decoration was the picture of the “Annunciation” Martini "the Return of Jehoiakim to the shepherds" of Giotto. In addition, for rooms guests of the Palace of Oldenburg acquired the landscapes of Gagra and its environs. Unfortunately, in the troubled revolutionary times and the Civil war, the collection disappeared, and its fate to this day is unknown.

St. Petersburg residence

The Oldenburgsky Palace - another architectural structure, which is known as the House of betskoi, as it was built in 1784, presumably by Vasily Bazhenov for Catherine rich nobleman. It is located on the Palace embankment and the Swan canal. The house plan forms a right 4-gon with a spacious courtyard. It consists of several multi-storied buildings with turrets. In the old days there was a hanging garden. It was located on different levels and beautifully visible between the towers.

In 1830, the House Betskoy was redeemed by the Treasury and presented to the Prince P. G. Oldenburg — the father of Alexander Petrovich. He ordered to build on the third floor of South building, facing the field of Mars. It had housed a Dance hall, as the couple Oldenburg loved to give parties. Hanging gardens the new owners didn't like it so was removed. Unchanged remains only the facade, which overlooked the Neva river. In this part of space was replanned and decorated by the project of V. P. Stasov in the style of classicism. In addition, the same architect constructed inside the building of the Protestant chapel in the name of Christ the Savior, because, despite the love for their new homeland, Oldenburg did not change the faith of their ancestors to Christianity.

After his father's death in 1881, the mansion became the property of Prince Alexander. After he married Eugenia Maximilianovna converts to Orthodoxy, in the Palace there were also a small Orthodox Church in the name of the blessed virgin.

Subsequent history

In 1917, the Palace of Prince of Oldenburg in St. Petersburg (Palace embankment, house 2/4) was sold by the owners to the Provisional government, and then transferred to the Ministry of education. Located in the building of a rich collection of paintings transferred to the Hermitage.

In subsequent years, the Palace was first occupied by various companies, and then it was divided into communal apartments. Only in 1962 the House Betskoy was transferred to the Leningrad library Institute. At the moment the building is Saint-Petersburg state University of culture and arts.

Now you know what is remarkable and where is the Palace of Oldenburg (Voronezh), and also the residence that once belonged to this family, which are in Gagra and in St. Petersburg.