Flavius Josephus: biography, personal life, photos

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2018-03-26 13:59:13

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In ' 37, when in Rome recently to the throne, Gaius Caligula, was born in Judea Josephus. Is the name – the Roman version, which he adopted much later. At birth, the same baby was named Yosef Ben Mattityahu.

Josephus

Origins

He belonged to a noble family. His father was a renowned priest, and mother was of the blood Royal Jewish dynasty of the Maccabees. It should be noted that according to the tradition of this nation titles were passed down through the male line, and belonging to the genus woman. Therefore some sources to the contrary is not believed that Josephus was of Royal blood.

Nevertheless, he still led the life of a noble young man. Just look at the education Flavia. He knew the Greek language, which in the future will write their famous works.

Josephus Jewish war

Education and career

In those years in Judea were popular many sects and religious teachings. For example the Christianity. Josephus in 16 years, first joined the Essenes and spent three years in solitude.

At the end of the second ten years, the young man became a member of the religious and social currents of the Pharisees, who had a great influence on the domestic life of the Roman province.

Josephus because of its origins and wit gained many influential contacts. When 64 he visited Rome, he managed to free several Jews convicted on false charges. He did this through familiarity with Poppea – the wife of the Emperor Nero, soon died most likely from poisoning.

Josephus

Jewish war

However, the peaceful life in the Empire ended. National controversy finally embroil the Jews and the metropolis. Emperor Nero appointed in the province of the Governor Hessia flora. It was a greedy man, who oppressed the local population.

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The Country of Israel could not bear such relations and revolted. The driving force behind this phenomenon was the faction of the zealots. It was a socio-political movement among Jews which wanted to rid the country from the influence of the Roman Empire and Hellenistic culture.

Warlord

Now, every resident had to decide whose side he's on. First, Josephus joined those who wanted to resolve the conflict peacefully. But in 66 ad the Roman Governor of Syria, Cestius Gallus, already attacked Israel. Therefore, Joseph did not remain anything, except how to defend. Due to its popularity and origin, he began to lead the defense of the Northern half of the country – Galilee.

The Young captain managed to collect 10 thousand well-armed soldiers and to strengthen the city in the province. However, the success was temporary, and it ended when the country joined the troops of Vespasian. Fortified castles surrendered without a fight, one after another, till only one city Jotapata. There was Josephus. The Jewish war took a bad turn, and it was decided not to surrender to the enemy fortification.

Josephus biography

Move to the side of the Romans

The City lasted 47 days. Included Roman troops killed 40 thousand Jews. Joseph managed to escape with a small group in the cave, the entrance to which was blocked. Vespasian invited the detachment to surrender, which was refused. Thus Joseph advised the comrades to accept the offer. Finally, he managed to persuade the audience to kill one person once a day, once the exit is still locked. This drew lots. In the end only two survived – himself warlord and another Jew.

These two surrendered to the winner, and Joseph took the surname Flavius in honor of Vespasian. When the Jew brought to the camp of the Romans, he predicted suppressor of the uprising the Imperial title. First, Vespasian decided that Joseph is cheating his deceit and tries to earn the trust. Soon, however, from the capital came the news that Nero is dead, and among the contenders is a tough war.

Vespasian decided not to waste time and immediately went to Europe, where really gained the throne. Leaving Judea, he appointed as successor his son Titus, and Joseph left at the court as a translator and an envoy.

War is not over, and the Romans went up to Jerusalem. When the siege began, Joseph tried to convince his countrymen to surrender to the Romans, to which were invariably refused. In the end the city fell and was plundered. Joseph managed to persuade Titus to release the two hundred people, locked in a sacred Temple. In addition he was given many books that were stored there.

Josephus photo

Literary career

With the advent of peace, Joseph went to live at the Imperial court. Being a middle-aged man, he was engaged in literature and wrote many works. It was the works, reflecting not only the artistic but also the military experience, which was owned by Josephus. “the Jewish war" is his most famous book. It consists of several volumes. The story covers the period of the war, which was attended by Joseph himself. The story ends with the fall of Jerusalem. This description is preceded by a story about the background and previous events in the province.

The Book of Josephus “the Jewish war"often combined with "Jewish antiquities" - large-scale survey of Jewish history from the time of the biblical stories. The work was written as evidence that this nation has a tremendous heritage. Today that seems obvious, but in ancient Roman times foreigners often believed that the Jews came out of Egypt and do not have their roots.

Another important book – “Autobiography”. The writer tried to answer the question about yourself, who is Josephus. In it he gives an analysis of all of his actions during the Jewish war, when the writer moved to the side of the Romans.

Another piece “Against Apion" was written in the spirit of debate and is addressed to a known grammar. It was an Alexandrian scholar, who wrote a work on the Jews and often criticized them. Josephus on the example of Moses and his laws argued that Apion is wrong.

All these books the author has come down to us intact, what is their main value. The works of many ancient writers died and were forgotten during the Dark ages. In the Renaissance in the XVI century there was the publication of books in Greek which were written by Josephus. A photo of his bust adorns many textbooks.

the book of Josephus Jewish war

Relationship with Christianity

As the historian lived in the second half of the first century, he was able to document many of the events described in the Gospels. In particular he tells about Jesus and his death on the cross, the death of John the Baptist, etc.

However, in contemporary historiography on this account, being much controversy. Some experts believe that these stories were intentionally inserted into the works after the author's death. This is indicated by various facts, such as the fact that Jesus in the books is called the Christ, although the chronicler was not a Christian. But it would not have written Josephus, the biography of this man continues to arouse the interest of specialists.


Article in other languages:

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/mastactva-zabavy/3121-os-f-flav-y-b-yagraf-ya-asab-stae-zhycce-fota.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/kunst-und-unterhaltung/3119-josephus-lebenslauf-pers-nliches-leben-fotos.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/arte-y-entretenimiento/3124-flavio-josefo-biograf-a-la-vida-privada-la-de-la-foto.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/ner-zh-ne-oyyn-sauy/3122-iosif-flaviy-m-rbayany-zheke-m-r-foto.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/sztuka-i-rozrywka/3125-j-zef-flawiusz-biografia-ycie-osobiste-zdj-cia.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/artes-e-entretenimento/3122-josefo-a-biografia-vida-pessoal-foto.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/sanat-ve-e-lence/3127-josephus-biyografi-hayat-foto-raflar.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/mistectvo-ta-rozvagi/3124-yosip-flav-y-b-ograf-ya-osobiste-zhittya-foto.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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