"The gadfly": a brief summary of the novel

“the gadfly" (E. L. Voynich) was a very famous work in the USSR. Khrushchev even gave a special award to the author for the repeated republication of the book. What attracts readers? Those who have not read "the gadfly" of the summaries in parts will help to get an idea about the work.

History of the novel in Russia and the Soviet Union

For the First time "the gadfly" (E. L. Voynich) was released in the U.S. in 1897 Translation in Russia was published a little later – in 1898 in the form of a Supplement to the magazine, and after 2 year – in a separate book. The product spread well-known revolutionary figures, many people in the Soviet Union said that the novel "the gadfly" is their favorite piece. The Union was dismissed on 3 adaptation of the novel, ballet and rock musical based on the works.

“hornet”. A brief summary of the novel

The protagonist of the book – Arthur Burton, he is a student and member of the secret organization “Young Italy". It reveals the secret of the Confessor, and the young man arrested, and with him and his friend. In the organization of Burton is considered a traitor. Arthur, it seems that all turned away from him, to top it off, he quarrels with my girlfriend, and the scandal with relatives finds out that his father – the rector of the Seminary of his. Boy fakes suicide and goes to Buenos Aires.

After 13 years, Arthur returns to Italy and calls himself a He. He wrote satirical pamphlets under the pseudonym “hornet”. As a result of armed clashes Burton goes to prison after the trial he is sentenced to death. He offers help to escape, but Arthur agrees and puts a condition: the cardinal should be out of the priesthood and of religion. In the result of the Gadfly shot, and the priest dies after the sermon.

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“hornet”. Content. Part one

Arthur Burton 19 years old, a year ago his mother died and now he lives in Pisa with his brothers. A young man spends a lot of time with a mentor – the Seminary's rector and the Confessor of Lorenzo Montanelli. On one of the confessions of a young man confides his secret: he became a member of the revolutionary group “Young Italy". Arthur wants to fight for the freedom of his native country. The coach, sensing trouble, opposed to this idea, but fails to dissuade Burton. In addition, the organization and Gemma Warren, in love with the young man.

After a time he went to Rome, because he there offered a bishopric. Is Lorenzo appoint a new rector. In the confessional, Arthur says that Gemma is jealous to the Ball-the member of the same party. Soon the boy is taken to the police interrogation, he confesses and does not name names of friends. Despite this, arrest and ball, in “Young Italy" think that Arthur gave him.

Burton realizes that the priest violated the seal of confession. He later confronts Gemma, you don't speak it. House during the scandal, the wife of the brother tells Arthur that his real father – Montanelli. Then the young man decides to fake his suicide, he writes a suicide note and throws the hat into the river. He himself goes to Buenos Aires.

Part two

The novel "the gadfly" of the brief content of which is considered ongoing after 13 years.

Florence arrives Felice Rivarez, author of the satirical political pamphlets, writing under the pseudonym “hornet”. At the party meeting it comes with a Gypsy-dancer Zita. She's his mistress.

In Florence he meets Gemma Warren, now a widow Boll. The think Rivarez – Arthur Burton. At the same time in Florence is Montanelli, who became a cardinal.

He falls ill, the party members take care of him. The moment he does not admit to themselves. During one of the shifts Gemma, she manages to talk Gadfly, he tells about the many difficulties of his life. She also shares his worries and says that she killed a loved one. To test his hunch, Gemma he shows the locket with a photo of Arthur. But the gadfly is not showing that he is – it's Burton. He very scorn of the boy shown in the photo.

After recovery, he returned to revolutionary activity. One day he meets with Padre at the conversation he wanted him to open up, but didn't dare.

Zita, offended, she leaves the camp and is going to marry a Gypsy.

Part three

“he”, an outline of which is shown here, ends in tragedy.

The detainee Is a weapons supplier, he goes to his aid. One of the shootings, he was arrested and put in jail. The prisoner, the priest comes – Montanelli. But he insults him.

Friends help plan an escape, but he fails. Gadfly again put in chains. He asks that he was visited by the Padre. The priest comes and He confesses that Arthur – this is it. The cardinal realizes that his son is alive, and offers to help. But he agrees only on the condition that if he refuses to Sana'a and religion in General, which he cannot do.

The Cardinal agrees to a military court, Arthur shot.

The preaching of the cardinal, imagining that the blood everywhere.

Gemma comes a posthumous letterfrom the He, where he says that he is Arthur. A woman lamenting that a newly lost loved one.

He died of a heart attack.