Cooperation – such social movements, which is a definite organizational-economic system of human activities.
As a special form of organization of labor cooperation presents a collaboration between various numbers of people participating together in the same or in different interconnected work processes. All of these processes occur within some organizational-economic systems.
Considering this term in the meaning specified above, there are the following forms of cooperation: simple and complex.
So, a simple co-operation is formed in the process of performing homogeneous operation. For example, it is a collaborative method of farming, manufacturing or construction.
The Complex cooperation based on a clear division of labour of persons employed in the joint work. Such an arrangement can effectively be used funds for production, but also knowledge, labour and skills employed in this work together.
From the perspective of the relations arising at the confluence of ownership, cooperation of labour allows to unite members based on collectively-shared form, which is created by the formation and subsequent reproduction of capital on a mutual basis. The basis of this Association is laid voluntariness, democracy, equality, mutual economic interest and responsibility for the results of joint activities to meet the needs of each individual member of the team. This occurs by increasing revenues and reducing certain expenses.
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Collectively-shared cooperation of labour has the main characteristics that defined the business entity and find their expression in the principles of its organization. These include: the formation of a democratic system, the organization and effective management in conditions of equity of the cooperative members.
Co-production – establishing long-lasting relations between individual branches, business entities and their units to participate in the manufacture or repair of specific products. With this unification of enterprises can deliver to the parent enterprise (the consumer) finished products or semi-finished (forging or billet), necessary for production of final products.
Industrial cooperation – activities of business entities in two main areas:
- the establishment of close links between industries, and between industries that are directly dependent on the technological process;
- organization of ties between specialized enterprises to make full use of all production facilities.
There are the following forms of industrial cooperation:
- Aggregation (subject), wherein the entities performing related work, put the main enterprise some items (units), required for the Assembly of the finished product (as an example, electrical equipment or motors for tractors or cars);
Exploded, represented by supply connecting parts (piston rings for the automotive and tractor businesses);
Technological, where specialized companies come others some materials (e.g., stamps) or are for certain technological operations.
Depending on the territorial location of co-operative –
- intra (Union of enterprises located in the same economic zone);
- on (at the location of business entities in various economic zones).
Considering the industry, distinguish the following forms of companies: intra-industry and inter-industry cooperatives. So, with the cooperation of economic entities operating in the same industry, we get intra-industry enterprises. For example, refined sugar industry. If the cooperation involves entities from multiple sectors, in this case, inter-sector cooperation (for example, pasta factory, electronic or mechanical engineering industry).
Concepts Such as specialization and cooperation are closely interrelated. It's also safe to say that cooperation in its economic essence is derived from specialization. Thus, the second term leads to the formation of the list of highly specialized industries and enterprises in the framework of the law on the division of labour. Businesses with a narrow specialization is made only individual objects, nodes, details. And the creation of a finished product often requires certain relations with the Union of efforts that will allow it to collect in totalwhole.
Thus, cooperation – the next stage of implementation of economic activity based on developed expertise that promotes the rational use of raw materials and labor resources.
In industry known as production performance:
the proportion of cooperated deliveries in the cost of manufactured products, with respect to these indicators and expressed as a percentage.
the Number of enterprises that cooperate among themselves. In this case quite clearly shown the effectiveness of such associations. So, often shape of companies involve the manufacture of only one product, which a large enterprise is much more profitable to buy than to set up your own production to production of varying parts. For example, various tools or sundries in the cooperative supplies much cheaper than their production at each separate enterprise. In this case there are production relations. This interaction separate entities for the production of specific parts (specialized production).
This article examined the Association of enterprises within a single state. However, there is international cooperation. Let's consider an example.
On the territory of one state there is a company, which manufactures suspension for drugs from cancer (chemical industry). However, the plant closed cycle of the production is missing due to the lack of funds for the purchase of special equipment. Therefore, the resulting suspension is sent to another state (in our case – to the UK) where available the corresponding production capacity, which has made the remedy, ready to use.
The sectors where such enterprises is absent, can be attributed to the food industry. This is due to the relatively simple manufacturing process of the finished product. However, there are exceptions. For example, the manufacture of wine, champagne, cognac and pasta. However, in industrial scale, a special economic value it has. Therefore, in the food industry enough to establish simple relationships between independent enterprises.
To some extent the cooperation within the food industry is evident in the joint use of some facilities auxiliary production, as well as serving households with a full load for the entire period of operation. Economic feasibility and effect of such forms of cooperation somewhat mitigated because of the seasonal nature of certain industries.
So, in the offseason with the loss of primary production available technological capacity and space can be rented out to other nearby businesses. For example, it's mechanical repair, electrical installations or warehouses. And in the season, supports the economy and supporting industries can make much better use thanks to such lease. For example, a food enterprise, adjacent to the sugar beet factory, to purchase steam or electricity from it much cheaper than to clean. This centralization of the service sector and secondary production gets a peculiar effect of concentration and certain advantages of this production.
Summarizing the article, it should be noted that the cooperation is an effective form of Association of enterprises with the aim of increasing productivity and reducing the cost of the finished product.
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DE: https://tostpost.com/de/business/18973-kooperation-ist-kooperativer-form.html
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PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/biznes/18920-wsp-praca---to-formy-kooperirovaniya.html
PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/neg-cios/18921-kooperirovanie-formas-de-coopera-o.html
TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/business/18966-kooperirovanie---bu-form-kooperirovaniya.html
UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/b-znes/18942-kooperuvannya---ce-formi-kooperuvannya.html
ZH: https://tostpost.com/zh/business/11343-cooperation-is-forms-of-cooperation.html
Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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