The functional model. The construction of the model "as is" and "to be"

The Organization as a living organism is a system organized informational processes coming from outside circulating inside, created as a result. However, not all of them are formed consciously by management and/or employees, the objective reality plays a prominent role.

The functional Model is a system of linked systems: in addition to the planned, many structural elements, processes and functions arise including as a result of bad management, lack of understanding by the employee of the task or the biased assessment of the achieved result the head. Inadequate analysis of external influences, the duplication of tasks, the variety of decisions, psychology of decision-making and many other circumstances are the bases for the study, which analyzes the model of organisation, management and proposes effective solutions.

At any given time, you can determine, looks like a model of functional organization in the state “as is” (AS IS). From the standpoint of existing methodologies can be used to analyze the submissions received and formulate ways to more effective work and further development of the organization.

Existing experience and techniques

The Main methods of modeling: IDEF0 (Integrated Definition Function Modeling) is currently presented with various options and a real positive experience. It is based on the idea of an indivisible particle – a block that displays some business function. The sides of the unit – its role. The left-entrance and right - exit top-control, bottom - mechanism.

Recommended

Staff evaluation: system and methods

Personnel Assessment allows you to identify how competent the employees involved in the enterprise, and it is the performance of their work – the most significant factor affecting the efficiency of the company. To clarify the impact of performa...

How to start your own business: important aspects.

Many people, tired of working for someone else, are increasingly thinking about how to start your own business. Someone wants to open a salon, someone store, and someone enough and vegetable stalls. Before you throw in the pool with his head, it is i...

Business activities. its essence and basic functions

The Entrepreneurial activity of the citizen – is undertaken at your own risk and independent activity, which aims to systematically profit through the sale of works, goods, services, use of the property. The citizen engaged in such activities, ...

This formal relationship allows us to represent it in the form of interconnected blocks (the business functions). Therefore, the structural model of organization is represented by a collection of simple elements. The principle of functional decomposition: a single unit – one business function. The principle of limiting the complexity limits the number of items on each chart. The principle of context – the essence of the business function of the organization is represented as a combination of the ideas of what it was planned to create, what is and how it works.

For the objective of constructing a model of management of the organization also achieved an important experience in the development and implementation of automated jobs, the incentive that was the progress in the development of computer technology, the emergence of local and global networks.

The Result of the survey: “as is” (TO BE) usually presents as one or the other implemented information system and the development process of the company is considered as a transition from the current state to a given. In itself the application of the method not always gives a significant result. Not every functional management model can be adapted to one or another of the modern information system.

The Foundation of the beginning of the simulation

Model of a functional organization is a very difficult task. For simplicity you should assume that material component is in normal condition and operates flawlessly, and technical service organizations provide her with everything necessary, control engineering and supply of essential forms of energy in sufficient quantities.

Under this assumption we can determine, looks like a model functional for the organization in the position “as is” (AS IS) in its purest form. If later it turns out that the material component has shown itself not with the best hand, you will need other styling.

To succeed, before you turn on the device, it is necessary to assume that The outlet has the proper voltage.

The Initial goal of the simulation

Formulating the business function of the organization, its position in the surrounding socio-economic space, it is possible to determine the spectrum of the incoming data and processes outgoing traffic. Materials, tools, equipment, and the result of the functioning of the organization: products, services, public benefit activities are secondary and are represented in the simulation as descriptions, information about existing real objects.

Common business function as a system uniting a plurality of elements and processes, represented as a collection of blocks that implement simple business functions. In this step, you define duplicated blocks, forming a range of tasks.

To Understand the model of organization management is very important.

Management of organizations

The Organization provides management of the owner, Director, managers, and various levels of management. But the model should reflect the real situation and to consider the company personnel as a specific active resource.

Does Not matter who builds the model. This can be a third-party organization or unit. Significant distinction: the management of the organization – is one thing, modeling – is quite another.

To determine the exact condition of“as is” should not rely on the opinion of the staff – in this case, the staff in all its positions is, primarily, a subject of the study. They describe the functional model of the process, eventually giving a complete picture of all processes.

Leading and guiding…

The Influence of management and owners significantly slows down the simulation process that impairs the functioning of the organization. This is the experience of using the technique. Build model “as is” in the context of understanding her leadership is of specific personal nature.

Selecting the contractor, should be taken as an absolute fact: he is the man responsible for his actions and is not obliged to follow the tips, suggestions, or direct guidance from the organization.

Information systems: functionality

Acknowledging the achievements in the sphere of development of information systems for electronic document management, accounting, logistics, etc., we have to admit that the rigidity of the solutions has become a tradition. Yet there are no such systems that could go beyond formulated at the beginning of the task. The challenges inherent in development, software solutions do not develop.

Taking any existing system (for example "1C: Accounting", "1C: Document flow", eDocLib), it is possible not only to see the level of developer's representations about its functionality, but face limitations in implementing certain business functions.

But we must consider the fact that not using at least one of the existing methods, it is impossible to get an idea of what functionality is needed and what is obviously superfluous.

Introducing a particular information system, it is often necessary to modify the algorithms, to develop additional software. This is very important for modeling the core business functions of the organization.

Information server

For the effective application of the existing methods and models of the functional as an ideal (desired) structure, functions and processes it is convenient to consider the company in the form of, for example, of the website. This allows you to create your own internal infrastructure (main office and remote locations), to implant it used programs (accounting, logistics, document management) and provide functionality accordingly duties of employees.

In a form convenient not only to formalize the functions of each item (personnel, equipment, used programs, important tables, etc.), but also to ensure their development in the process of the company.

Current e-vinaigrette

It is Difficult to underestimate the contribution made by spreadsheets and "Mordovskie" documents in the electronic document. From the point of view of modeling and construction of functional model of the organization, analysis of information processes used tables and files are important.

Systematized information about the used resources, it is easy to determine the source of change, user, and above all relevant content. This tradition often leads to the fact that the full electronic documents in their formats are included in those or other document management system. From the point of view of implementation it is acceptable, but from the point of view of efficiency - no.

Recently appeared and received the development tools for creating and editing spreadsheets and documents with the help of the PhpOffice library (PhpExcel and PhpWord). The use of these tools allows you to isolate the actual documents, only the necessary information and generate the desired results, which can be opened traditionally in MS Excel and MS Word.

Private summary of results

The Use of popular techniques in functional modelling, selected information systems, accounting and logistics, combined into a single own information system (server), allows you to create a desired model of management of the organization. And with the help of tools of the type PhpOffice can give it some flexibility and possibility of development.

Unfortunately, without additional programming to build the desired information system is rarely possible. However, it is important to take into account the understanding of the functionality in software products.

In particular, the modern spreadsheet is first of all needed functionality, and real content - actual reflection of a functional block in the structural model. If as an example, take the "1C: Accounting", we can notice that its structure and functionality fully reflect the reality. The technical support of the manufacturer eliminates the rigidity of the system, enabling the user to obtain the desired functionality, reflecting changes in the business information space.

Force majeure: unforeseen circumstances

Mentioning in his internal and external relations about the circumstances of force majeure, the organization reliably indicates your ignorance of the way out of the situation. And thereby automatically signs guaranteed to absolve themselves of obligations.

The Abilitythe organization to meet its obligations is critical for partners, for customers and for their employees, that is, for surrounding socio-economic environment.

Formula ideal company

The nature of the expedient, every body is careful attention to detail and is able not only to adequately react to any change in the environment, but also to recover on their own, without outside interference.

An Ideal organization - one that, in fact, does not exist, but its function is executed. When the organization fits into its surrounding socio-economic environment, it becomes an indispensable part of the and adequately developed, but then this environment will provide the life company and will take care of her as part of his body.

Feedback loop

The Result of any simulation of any organization first and foremost reason to repeat the process. Modeling – a higher level of reality programming, less formal and rigid than the construction of information systems.

Any program (as experience shows) can be improved, as by itself, solved. This gives reason to reconsider the solution algorithm, its result and more competent to evaluate the input data.

The model – program of a higher order. In the introduction she gives invaluable practical experience, is a good reason to go back to the beginning.