Woodworking industry

Russia is one of the leading positions in the stocks of wood. Given the qualitative and quantitative varieties of feedstock are important in the economy of the country acquiring such industries as the woodworking industry.

It is Very difficult to even briefly list all products manufactured at its facilities: it matches, furniture, sleepers, wooden utensils, skis, musical instruments, lumber and more. In short, the timber industry produces all that is possible to obtain from wood by production or processing. It is plywood, hardboard, various carpentry, etc.

Timber industry of Russia has a long history. Its roots are from the time of natural economy. Gradually artisanal craft is starting to come into production. And already in the early 18th century there are the first enterprise in woodworking industry: sawmills, furniture manufacturers, manufacture of matches, etc.

In the USSR, the wood processing industry in the first five year plan begins its active growth. Throughout its vast territory are businesses that focus in the areas of the main raw material bases, the banks of large rivers and in paragraphs alloy. Was built giant factories in Yeniseisk, Karelia, the far East, etc.

Today in the processing of wood used, the scientific approach created by many research institutes that are studying the properties of wood, optimize storage conditions, developing new technologies of processing and drying. Simple machining today are completely supplanted by chemical-mechanical.

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About a third of all produced in Russia wood is exported. In recent years, the government has attempted to stimulate the deep processing of raw materials within the country, thereby achieving reduction of export of round timber-untreated forests. That is why the export duty on each cubic meter was increased several times.

And this policy soon produced results. The timber industry is experiencing new growth: the processing of the material began to engage in domestic enterprises, which should have a positive impact on the economy: increased tax revenues, new jobs are created, etc.

A Growing export of processed lumber, the main consumers of which are those countries which by their geographical location do not have large forest reserves: China, Japan, Egypt, Iran, etc.

Along with the pulp and paper, wood industry itself is a structural subdivision or branch of light industry.

Paper industry – production of paper, cellulose, cardboard and products from them.

This field is pretty resource-intensive, because for one ton pulp need about 5-6 cubic metres of timber. In addition, its production uses a lot of water. That's why enterprises of paper industry located near major water sources.

They are mainly focused in the European part of Russia. It Kondopoga and Sarisky plant in Karelia, pravdinskiy and Mari pulp and paper mill and others.

Despite the fact that our country has the largest forest resource in the world – about 80 billion cubic meters, and its pulp and paper industry would have to be the locomotive of economy, technical condition of this sector, its share in the economy leave much to be desired. For example, the production capacities are used up to 50%.

That's why the state is interested in the development of this industry, and that they develop programs designed to stimulate its growth.