Characteristics Of The Su-35. Su-35: specifications, photos of the fighter. Comparative characteristics of the su-35 and F-22

In 2003, Sukhoi design Bureau began the second phase of modernization of the su-27 to create the su-35. Features made in the process of modernization, allow us to call it a generation 4++ fighter, which means the maximum approximation to the plane of the fifth generation PAK FA.

History of development

In the early 1980s, while the su-27 is still the only master of the Soviet air force, its General designer Pavel Sukhoi's already plotting the development of the upgraded version. Originally designated as the su-27M, it was fitted with greatly improved avionics, which provided a basis to consider him the best fighter of those years. He was equipped with a more diverse range of weapons, which allowed the su-27M (see picture below) to carry out the tasks of destruction and ground targets.

The Upgraded version was characterized by many changes in aerodynamics, avionics, design power plants, as well as having increased loading capacity. High-strength composites and aluminium-lithium alloy was used to reduce weight and increase fuel supply.

The su-27M was equipped with turbojet engine with a thrust of 125 kN, more powerful than the su-27. Itself the program of modernization of su-27 was designated “su-35BM”, where the letters meant “modernization”. Much of that heritage was incorporated and the modern su-35, technical characteristics of which far exceed his initial prototype of the su-27M.

Further upgrading

In 2003, a project was launched for the production of the fighter to bridge the gap between the upgraded variants of the su-27M and su-30MK combat machine of the fifth generation PAK FA. The aim of the project was the second upgrade of the airframe of the su-27 (hence its classification as a fighter of generation 4++) so that the characteristics of the su-35 with level implemented on the PAK FA. In addition, the aircraft was supposed to be an alternative to the family of su-30 export.

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Development of the aircraft continued until 2007, when it became available for sale. Later, the Sukhoi design Bureau announced that the program of the su-35 was started due to concerns that the PAK FA project may face a shortage of funding.

Update the horizontal tail

Characteristics of the su-35 as part of the design of its airframe incorporates many differences from the su-27M, although the aircraft retains a strong resemblance with its predecessor.

One of the distinguishing features of the airframe of the su-27M was the aerodynamic structure of the management bodies of the type “duck”, which allows the aircraft to fly at maximum angle of attack to 120°. In this arrangement, the horizontal tail of the aircraft – stabilizers with elevators – positioned in front of its wings.

However, with this arrangement, the horizontal tail reflected from the surface of the aircraft, the radar signal obtained greater than on the traditional scheme behind the wings. This facilitates the detection of the aircraft. Therefore, modern radar stealth aircraft (F-22 Raptor, PAK FA and su-35) have the traditional location of the horizontal tail – behind the wings. To preserve the benefits of the use of canards, they along with the feathers behind the wings are still turning parts of the nodules on the wings.

Something new was introduced these changes in the appearance of the su-35? Characteristics (the photo below shows the difference of its appearance from the su-27M) fighter was closest to the aircraft of the 5th generation, with the exception of still greater radar visibility and the lack of on-Board active radar.

Other improvements airframe

Characteristics of the su-35 as regards the method of inhibition differs from the su-27M with no air brake (flap). The method of inhibition of the su-35 is that its rudders located at the rear parts of the two vertical fins, landing deviate in different directions, which creates the braking force. Other aerodynamic refinements include reducing the height of the vertical stabilizer, the smaller the projection of the canopy and covering it with a conductive coating masking the irradiation of the aircraft by the radar.

The Increased strength of the airframe achieved by the extensive use of titanium alloys, which increased its service life to approximately 30 years of experience with increasing maximum take-off weight to 34.5 tonnes. Internal fuel capacity was increased by more than 20% to 11.5 tonnes and can be raised to 14.5 tons by additional tanks.

Advanced avionics

The Sukhoi design Bureau has done everything to feature su-35 in terms of avionics was just excellent. The work of all units and devices of the aircraft directs information management system, equipped with two on-Board computers. It collects and processes data from various tactical and flight control systems and presents relevant information to the pilot via twothe main multifunctional display (MFD), which, together with three secondary MFDs, form the glass cockpit. The plane has many other upgrades to its avionics and electronic systems, including digital wireless flight control system and the pilot is equipped with helmet-mounted information screen and night vision goggles.

Radar and targeting system

In this section, characteristics of the su-35 includes the radar "IRBIS" with passive phased array, which is an important component of the fire control system of the aircraft. Radar can detect aerial target with an area of 3 sq m at a distance of 400 km and can provide target designation to 30 air targets and to conduct eight of them.

Radar is able to reproduce a map of the earth using different modes, including the mode of aperture synthesis. Radar "IRBIS" is supplemented by optical-electronic aiming system that uses the functionality of a laser rangefinder, TV, infrared target detector.

Armament

What weapons can carry the su-35? The characteristics of his weapons systems involve the use of a variety of missiles «air-to-air” long and short range, accurate and unguided weapons such as “ground”, which includes missiles, bombs explosives and conventional bombs. The maximum useful weapons load of 8 tons, which can be carried forward for fourteen suspension points. The fighter may use missiles with a range of 300 km.

Engines of the fighter jet

Su-35 is equipped with a pair of turbojet engines, the thrust vector is controlled in the same plane. This engine is a simplified version of the power plant of the "Saturn-117" fifth generation fighter PAK FA. Its thrust is estimated to be 145 kN, 20 kN more than the su-27M. He has a lifetime of 4000 hours. A pair of engines of the aircraft has the ability to control the resulting thrust vector. Each of the thrust vector nozzle has its axis of rotation inclined to a vertical plane. Thus the deviation of the thrust vector of each nozzle can be thought of as the result of a deviation of the nozzle in the direction of down inside and up outside. If the thrust vector both nozzles are deflected synchronously, then control the position of the aircraft is possible only at the corner of the pitch, but at different deflection of the thrust vector nozzles it is possible to manage both yaw and roll. Such control system is also implemented on the PAK FA fighter jet.

The Engine allows the su-35 to achieve sustained supersonic speed without using afterburners. Radar absorbing coating is applied to parts of the engine to reduce reflected from the plane of the radar signal.

Comparative characteristics of the su-35 and F-22

Today the world's only accepted on arms fighter of the 5th generation is the American F-22 Raptor. As you know, the technology “Stealth”, implemented in his design and to ensure the aircraft stealth radar, based on two principles:

• Giving the airframe a specially designed geometric shape that reflects the radar signal in the direction opposite to the direction of his coming;
• Scattering (absorption) of energy of the radar signal in the material constituting the surface of the aircraft with the intention of weakening to such a level that the detection of the reflected signal is no longer probable.

According to American data, reflecting the ability of the F-22 is equivalent to a Golf ball, according to Russian sources, it is 0.3-0.4 m². For comparison, the MiG-29 it is equal to 5 m² , and the su-27 – 12 m² . Is it possible, at least in part, to achieve ‘Raptor” on the su-35? Characteristics (compared with the F-22 given below) the Russian aircraft allow us to Express cautious optimism in this matter.

The Russian engineers and scientists developed the materials and techniques that have substantially reduced reflectivity of the su-35. Russian scientists have created mathematical tools to calculate the scattering of electromagnetic waves by bodies of complex configuration, such as the su-35, by breaking them down into small facets and adding the effects of edge waves and surface currents. The antennas are modeled separately and then added to the entire analysis model.

We developed a new radar absorbing material which covered the engines of the aircraft. It does not prevent the operation of anti-icing systems and to withstand high-speed airflows and temperatures up to 200 °C. the radio absorbing layer of thickness 0.7-1.4 mm is applied to the surface of engines and front-stage low-pressure compressor, using a robotic spraying system.

Su-35 also has a treated cockpit canopy which reflects radar waves, reducing the TUBE from the metal components of the cab. Russian technology has been developed the process of plasma deposition of alternating layers of metallic and polymer materials. In this way creates a coating that blocks electromagnetic waves of radio frequency, is resistant to cracking and retains heat from the sun in the cockpit.

Of Course, all these activities only bring the characteristics of the su-35 to the capabilities of the F-22 Raptor, but notmake them identical. The present parity (and maybe superiority) can be achieved after adopting the Russian fighter of the 5th generation PAK FA.

As for the other flight characteristics, compared to the su-35 and F-22 gives the following picture. Russian aircraft on four-meter-long (21.9 m vs 18.9 m) and almost a meter higher (5.9 m against 5,09 m) us with a larger wingspan (14,75 m vs 13,6 m). The mass of the su-35 (blank) almost equal to the mass of the F-22 (19 500 kg 19 700 kg), but maximum weight «American» two and a half tons more (34 500 kg to 38 000 kg). The maximum speed of both aircraft are almost identical – about 2400-2500 km/h, and service ceiling hoist – 20 000 m.

But the flight range of the su-35 with two drop tanks is higher (4600 km vs 2960 km) without tanks “drying” will also pass on ‘Raptor" (vs 3600 km 3220 km).