Postpartum paresis in cows: treatment. Postpartum complications in cows

There are a number of diseases, non-communicable that you should look for when breeding cattle. These include postpartum paresis cows. Treatment is not very difficult and is not expensive. However, the losses the disease brings a lot. Hardest kind of loss has on those farms, where the breeding cows as a business. The loss of even one head of a small farm, has a substantial impact on profitability.

Postpartum paresis cows

Severe acute neurologic disease, which is accompanied by partial paralysis of the tongue, pharynx, extremities, intestine, up to loss of consciousness is called postpartum paresis cows. Treatment should begin immediately to prevent death.

Risk Group

Still not determined the exact cause of the disease. It is known that it provokes an acute shortage of calcium in the body of the animal against the background of a sharp fall in blood sugar. Tive cow directs all its forces on the formation of the fetus, including calcium. Not balanced by mineral substances, the diet may trigger maternity paresis in cows.

At risk are mainly highly productive animals. In all likelihood, this is because high milk yields require a greater amount of calcium. Well-fed animals, for which I do not regret concentrated feed, too, are at risk.

Stall period and the age of 5-8 years, when the cow is at the peak of their productivity, colds are the accompanying factors of the disease.

Signs of illness

As a rule, the disease occurs in the first three days after a quick and easy calving. Although, as practice shows, the cow is in labor in most cases require the assistance and intervention of a person. Rarely observed the development of paresis from a few weeks to 1-2 months. The absolute exception is a manifestation of the disease in pregnant cows during the calving.

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The First signs of the onset of the disease:

• Lethargy animal;
• Poor appetite;
• Lack of gum;
• Noticeable shake;
• Missing motility of the rumen and intestine;
• Pain sensitivity is virtually nonexistent.

With a significant deterioration of the cow cannot get up. Specific and pose, which is the animal: the legs bent under the belly, and the head turned sideways. The neck is curved characteristic S-shaped curvature. To the touch the legs and horns cold, eyes half-closed and watery, pupils dilated. In severe cases, the overall body temperature drops to figures of 35^O-36^O.

The animal is not observed urination and discharge of feces. Paralysis of the pharynx, the tongue comes out of his mouth, profuse salivation occurs. Some individuals a short time are in the excited state can be sharply shaking his head, throwing it back. Turn over, grind their teeth, beating against the walls, loud grunt. After a short activity of the cow calms down and goes into depression.

Treatment

It is Impossible to neglect postpartum paresis cows. The treatment started immediately, reduces mortality from the disease to 4%. For comparison, if you do not take any measures during the first hours killed 70% of the animals.

A Special apparatus Evers in all four shares of the udder nipples blow through the air. To do this, they pre-treated 70% ethanol. Before the procedure a cow are forced out in dorso-lateral position. The air is injected using a sterile mammary catheters. The injection is carried out before straightening the folds of the skin on the udder. Be sure to massage the udder to distribute the air.

To avoid vicodine air, nipples ligated at the base with a bandage or strips of gauze. In this situation leave the animal to 30-45 minutes. If after 8 hours no improvement occurred, the procedure is repeated. After the cow will get up after 1-2 hours it can sdoit, while the air from the udder do not squeeze.

Instead of air can be introduced at 200-500 ml of fresh milk in each share of the udder. It must be from healthy cows.

To facilitate state of the animal intravenous 20% glucose solution up to a volume of 200 ml and a 10% solution of calcium chloride to 150 ml. Subcutaneously administered 10% solution of caffeine. It is recommended that the active rubbing the sides and limbs, pack animal, hot enema (up to 45^O).

Complications

Rapid and severe course of the disease the life of the animal can be timpane, this is one of the complications that causes postpartum paresis cows. Treatment is to puncture the rumen with a thick needle or a trocar, and then the cavity is injected to 400 ml of 5% alcoholic solution of Ichthyol or to 40 ml of 40% formalin solution.

In Any case you cannot enter the liquid medication through the mouth, owing to partial paralysis of the throat it may get into the trachea.

The measures Taken 2-3 days to fully cure an animal without any consequences for his health. Perhaps it will never happen again, and perhaps a cow after calving each time will experience postpartum paresis.

Prevention of postpartum paresis

To avoiddisease, adhere to the following rules:

• Do not allow overfeeding cows during the dry period and in the stage of attenuation of lactation;
• Carefully monitor the balance of the diet on micro and macronutrients;
• Must be strictly observed by the percentage of coarse and concentrated fodder in the diet of animals;
• Monitor the timely launch of the cows.
• Provide the number of regular active exercise.

Farms for cows must be equipped with a special birthing units where before calving the animal is placed. It is impossible that in the maternity ward were the drafts.

For highly productive cows previously recover postpartum paresis, provide preventative measures: twice, 7-10 days before calving intramuscularly vitamin D₃ In a dose of 3-4 million UNITS. The diet is introduced sugar, 200-300 grams per day for several days before calving and after it.

Complications of childbirth

The cow birth almost always involve a risk of complications. One of the main causes is incorrect position of the fetus in the uterus. Without human help the calf can suffocate and be dead. Sometimes the account goes on a minute and wait for a specialist in just no time. That is why it is important that the staff on the farm for the cows were trained in the basic skills of obstetrics. Even if the assistance was provided in a timely and visible violations there, the specialist should inspect the animal, if necessary, to provide additional support or treatment.

Prenatal and post-calving mobility problems

Complications after childbirth different in severity and duration. The most common include prenatal or post-calving mobility problems. The first occurs a few days or weeks before calving. The second occurs suddenly after childbirth.

Reasons: avitaminosis, rickets, osteomalacia, mineral deficiency, rheumatism, General weakness.

Signs: depending on the main causes of the observed relevant characteristics. For example, the loss of sensitivity of the back of the body with the defeat of sacral or lumbar spinal cord. - Calving mobility problems may be accompanied by severe complications, pressure sores, exhaustion, blood poisoning, leading to death of the animal.

Retention placenta

Childbirth safely When passing membranes are retained in the uterus for no more than 8 hours. Output delay of the placenta can lead to serious complications, including infertility of the animal. The reason for this phenomenon may be a disease of the muscles of the uterus, disruption of the placenta in the pregnant horn or premature closure of the cervix, weak attempts, or lack thereof, of infectious disease (brucellosis). Output delay of the placenta can be caused by vitamin deficiency, lack of minerals in the diet and their imbalances, lack of exercise in pregnancy or late start. Calving cows over, and from the vagina hangs heavy with a rough surface, sometimes reaching the floor. If not completely free the uterus from the placenta, it can occur putrefactive processes with all its consequences.

Eversion and uterine prolapse

Occurs due to excessive relaxation of the muscles of the uterus and its supporting ligaments. This may be caused by rough removal of the placenta, large fetus or a multiple pregnancy (twins, triplets), rapid extraction of the fetus with a dry birth canal. Time of occurrence: childbirth and the postnatal period in the first hours. In the case of partial prolapse (eversion) the animal is restless, observed attempts. A rectal exam allows you to test the crease indicating the bending of the walls of the body. In the uterine cavity or the vagina is detected by the twisted horn of the uterus.

In the complete inversion of the uterus from the vulva hangs a pear-shaped formation, to the level of the hock. On the surface of the uterus sometimes you can see netdelivery the placenta. In the future, the uterus swells (edema), blue, can bleed and tear. During the postpartum period should be monitored in the first few hours after calving. This will help provide timely care to animals and to avoid irreparable consequences.

Prevention of postpartum complication

To calving cows possibly took place without complications, it is necessary to worry about the health of most mothers. The farm account should be taken of the following:

• Cows are ready for mating shall be the average fat and perfectly healthy;
• They should get proper food, balanced nutrients, vitamins, micro and macronutrients, including calcium;
• It is impossible to prevent overfeeding of animals;
• In the winter-stall period, you must carefully observe the temperature regime in the premises where animals are kept;
• Strictly to run schedule for pregnant cows, avoiding overexploitation;
• To take preventive measures to prevent possible occurrence disease:
  
  - to limit and, if necessary, to exclude from a diet rich on protein feed for 4-5 days before calving;
  - introduced into the diet of pregnant cows chalk;
  - animals must have continuous free access to salt to lick;
  - to enter into the diet 3-4 days before calving and after sugar;

• In the farm area needs to be builtspecial boxes for receiving delivery of a cow (if in the household there is no special maternity ward)

During pregnancy it is impossible to subject animals to stressful situations, anxiety may cause a change of milkers, change of composition of the diet, a violation of the usual order of the day, any unusual situation that arose in the barn or in the immediate vicinity of the animals. Staff should be attentive at the slightest change in health status of cows immediately report to veterinary technician.

The Cow after calving requires no less attention and care. The proper milking of the animal, especially if it is a firstborn, will help to avoid inflammation of the udder to prevent mastitis. Insemination of cows is carried out in the first or second hunt after calving. If the animal has broken the cycle, you must take action (to carry out the stimulation of hormones), or, if necessary, prescribe treatment.

Cattle

To produce healthy and viable offspring to take care of the health and welfare of animals tive. Breeding cows as a business will be a success when you exit the business at least 90 calves for every 100 females. Then the economy will profit from the sale of grown young. This is a difficult and yet interesting line of work.

To produce healthy calves with their mothers from the first day of pregnancy to obtain a balanced diet, have daily active exercise. Farm for cows must meet all hygienic standards.

Great importance is the direction of cattle: milk, meat, and dairy. Depend on the conditions of detention and methods of rearing cattle.